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The Reappearance of Christ in the Etheric
GA 130

1 October, 1911, Basel

9. The Etherization of the Blood

Wherever we, as human beings, have striven for knowledge, whether as mystics or realists or in any way at all, the acquisition of self-knowledge has been demanded of us. As has been repeatedly emphasized on other occasions, however, this knowledge of the human soul is by no means as easy to achieve as many people believe—anthroposophists sometimes among them. The anthroposophist should be constantly aware of the hindrances he will encounter in his efforts. The acquisition of self-knowledge is absolutely essential, however, if we are to reach a worthy goal in world existence and if our actions are to be worthy of us as members of humanity.

Let us ask ourselves why must self-knowledge be so difficult for us. Man is truly a complicated being, and if we speak of his inner life, his life of soul, we should not begin by regarding it as something simple and elementary. We should rather have the patience and perseverance, the will, to penetrate always more deeply into this wonderful structure, this organization of the divine-spiritual powers of the world, which can appear as man.

Before we investigate the nature of this self-knowledge, two aspects of the life of the human soul may present themselves to us. Just as the magnet has north and south poles, just as light and darkness are present in the world as the principle poles of the light, so there are two poles in man's life of soul. Both these poles can appear when we observe a person placed in two contrasting situations in life. Suppose we are watching someone standing on the street who is entirely lost in the contemplation of some strikingly beautiful and impressive natural phenomenon. We see how still he is standing, moving neither hand nor foot, never turning his eyes away from the spectacle presented to him, and we are aware that he is engaged in making an inner picture of what he sees. We say that he is absorbed in contemplation of what surrounds him. That is one situation; here is another. A man is walking along the street and feels that someone has insulted him, injured him. Without much thinking, he is roused to anger and gives vent to it by striking the person who insulted him. We are there witnessing a manifestation of forces springing from anger, a manifestation of impulses of will, and we can easily imagine that if the action had been preceded by thought no blow need have been struck. We have now pictured two extremely different deeds. In the one there is only the forming of a mental picture, a process from which all conscious will is absent; in the other there is no thought, no forming of a mental picture, and immediate expression is given to an impulse of will. These two things present us with the two extreme poles of the human soul. One pole is surrender to contemplation, to forming mental pictures, to thought, in which the will has no part; the second pole is the impelling force of will without thought. We have arrived at these facts simply by exoteric observation of outer life.

We can go into these things more deeply, and we come then into those spheres in which we can find our bearings only by summoning the findings of esoteric research to our aid. Here another polarity confronts us—that of sleeping and waking. We know the esoteric significance of the relationship between sleeping and waking. From the elementary concepts of anthroposophy we know that in waking life the four members of a man's being—physical body, etheric body, astral body, and I—are organically and actively interwoven but that in sleep the physical and etheric bodies remain in bed while the astral body and I are poured out into the whole great world bordering directly on our physical existence. We could also approach these facts from a different point of view. We might ask what there is to be said about contemplation of the world, forming mental pictures, thinking, and the will and its impulses during waking life on the one hand and during sleep on the other.

You see that if one penetrates more deeply into this question it becomes evident that in his present physical existence man is, in a certain sense, essentially always asleep. He sleeps differently during the night, however, from the way he sleeps during the day. You can be convinced of this in a purely outer way, because you know that one can wake in the esoteric sense during the day, that is to say, one can become clairvoyant and see into the spiritual world. The ordinary physical body is asleep to this observation, and one can rightly say that it is an awakening when man learns to use his spiritual senses. In the night, of course, we are asleep in the normal way. One can therefore say that ordinary sleep is sleep in relation to the outer physical world; daytime consciousness at the present time is sleep in relation to the spiritual world.

These facts can be considered in yet another light. On deeper scrutiny one realizes that in the ordinary waking condition of physical life, man has, as a rule, little power or control over his will. The will quite detaches itself from daily life. Observe attentively what we call the human will, and you will see how little man has in his control during daily life regarding the will impulse. Only consider how little of all you do from morning to evening is really the outcome of your own thinking and forming of mental pictures, of your personal, individual decisions. When someone knocks at the door and you say “Come in!” that cannot be called a true decision of your own thinking and willing. If you are hungry and seat yourself for a meal, that cannot be called a decision made by the will, because it is occasioned by your condition, by the needs of your organism. Try to picture your daily life, and you will see how little the will is directly influenced from the human center. Why is this the case? Esoteric teachings show us that regarding his will man actually sleeps by day; that is, he does not really live within his will impulses at all. We can evolve better and better concepts and mental pictures, or we can become more highly moral, more refined individuals, but we can do nothing regarding the will. If we cultivate better thoughts we can work indirectly upon the will, but we can do nothing directly to the will that concerns life. This is because in our daily life our will is influenced only in an indirect way, namely, through sleep. When you are asleep you do not think; you do not form mental pictures. The will, however, awakes, permeates our organism from outside, and invigorates it. We feel strengthened in the morning because what has penetrated into our organism is of the nature of will. That we do not perceive this activity of the will, that we know nothing about it, becomes comprehensible if we consider that all conceptual activity sleeps when we sleep. To begin with, therefore, we will offer this suggestion for further contemplation, further meditation. You will see that the more progress you make in self-knowledge, the more you will find confirmation of the truth of the words that man sleeps in his will when he is awake and sleeps in his conceptual life when he is asleep. The life of will sleeps by day; the life of thought sleeps by night.

If man is unaware that the will does not sleep during the night, this is because he only understands how to be awake in his life of thought. The will does not sleep during the night, but it works then in a fiery element, works upon his body in order to restore what has been used up by day.

There are thus two poles in human beings, the life of observation and forming mental pictures and the impulses of will, and the human being is related in entirely opposite ways to these two poles. These are only the two poles, however. The whole life of soul lies in various nuances between these two poles, and we shall come nearer to understanding this soul life by bringing the microcosmic life of soul into relation to what we know as the higher worlds.

From what has been said we have seen that the life of forming mental pictures is one of the poles of one's soul life. This life of forming mental pictures is something that seems unreal to externally, materialistically minded people. We often hear the thought expressed, “Oh, mental pictures and thoughts are only mental pictures and thoughts!” This is intended to imply that if one takes a piece of bread or meat into one's hands, this is a reality, but a thought is only a thought. By this is meant that one cannot eat a thought, and thus a thought is not real but “only” a thought. But why? Basically, because what man calls his thoughts are related to what thoughts really are as a shadow-image of an object is to the thing itself. The shadow-image of a flower points you to the flower itself, to the reality. So it is with thoughts. Human thinking is the shadow-image of mental pictures and beings belonging to a higher world, the world called the astral plane. You represent thinking rightly to yourself when you picture the human head thus (this is not absolutely correct but simply sketched schematically). In this head are thoughts, which I shall represent with these dashes. These thoughts that are in the head, however, must be pictured as living beings on the astral plane. Beings of the most varied kinds are at work there in the form of teeming mental pictures and deeds that cast their shadow-images into human beings, and these processes are reflected in the human head as thinking. Continuous streams move from your head into the astral plane, and these are the shadows that establish the life of thought within your head.

Diagram 2

As well as what we can call the life of thought, there is yet another life within the human soul. In ordinary life one distinguishes (this is not entirely correct, but I say it so that one can receive a concept from ordinary life) between a life of thought and a life of feeling. Feelings fall into two categories: those of pleasure and sympathy and those of displeasure and antipathy. The former are aroused by good, benevolent deeds; antipathy is aroused by evil, malevolent deeds. Here there is something more than and different from the mere forming of mental pictures. We form mental pictures of things regardless of any other factor. Our soul, however, experiences sympathy or antipathy only regarding what is beautiful and good or what is ugly and evil. Just as everything that takes place in the human being as thoughts points to the astral plane, so everything connected with sympathy or antipathy points to the realm we call Lower Devachan. Just as I could draw lines earlier between mental pictures and the astral world, so now in relation to feeling I can point upward to Devachan or the heavenly world. Processes in the heavenly world, or Devachan, are projected, mainly into our breast, as feelings of sympathy or antipathy for what is beautiful or ugly, for what is good or evil. In what we can call our experience of the moral-aesthetic world, we bear within our souls shades of the heavenly world or Lower Devachan.

There is still a third province in the life of the human soul that we must strictly distinguish from the mere preference for good deeds. There is a difference between standing by and taking pleasure in witnessing some kindly deed and setting the will in action and actually performing some such deed oneself. I will call pleasure in good and beautiful deeds or displeasure in evil and ugly deeds the aesthetic element, as opposed to the moral element that impels a person to do good. The moral element is at a higher level than the purely aesthetic; mere pleasure or displeasure is at a lower level than the will to do something good or evil. In so far as our soul feels constrained to give expression to moral impulses, these impulses are the shadow-images of Higher Devachan, of the higher heavenly world.

We can easily picture these three separate stages of activity of the human soul—the purely intellectual (thoughts, mental pictures, observation), the aesthetic (pleasure or displeasure), and the moral (revealed in impulses to do good or evil deeds)—as microcosmic images within human experience of the three realms which, in the macrocosm, the great world, lie one above the other. The astral world is shadowed in the world of thought, the intellectual world; the Devachanic world is shadowed in the aesthetic sphere of pleasure and displeasure; and the Higher Devachanic world is shadowed as morality.

Thoughts:

Shadow-images of Beings of the Astral Plane

(Waking)

Sympathy and Antipathy:

Shadow-images of Beings of Lower Devachan

(Dreaming)

Moral Impulses:

Shadow-images of Beings of Higher Devachan

(Sleeping)

If we connect this with what was said previously concerning the two poles of the human soul, we must experience the pole of intellect as that which dominates the waking life, the life in which man is intellectually awake. During the day man is awake regarding his intellect; during sleep he is awake regarding his will. Because at night he is asleep regarding his intellect, he becomes unconscious of what he is undertaking with his will. What we call moral principles and impulses are working indirectly into the will. In fact, man needs the life of sleep in order that the moral impulses he absorbs through the life of thought can come into effective activity. In his ordinary life today, man is capable of accomplishing what is right only on the plane of intellect; he is less able to accomplish anything on the moral plane, for there he is dependent upon help coming from the macrocosm.

What is already within us can bring about the further development of intellectuality, but the gods must come to our aid if we are to acquire greater moral strength. We sink into sleep in order that we may plunge into the divine will where the intellect does not intervene and where divine forces transform into the power of will the moral principles we receive, where they instill into our will what we could otherwise receive only into our thoughts.

Between these two poles, that of the will that wakes by night and that of the intellect that is awake by day, lies the sphere of aesthetic appreciation that is continuously present in man. During the day man is not fully awake; only the most prosaic, pedantic individuals are always fully awake in waking life. Human beings basically must actually dream by day, they must always be able to dream a little when awake; they must be able to give themselves up to art, poetry, or some other activity that is not concerned wholly with crass reality. Those who can give themselves up in this way form a bond that can enliven and invigorate the whole of existence. To give oneself up to such thoughts is to a certain extent like a dream penetrating into waking life. You know well that dreams enter into the life of sleep; these are real dreams, dreams that permeate the other consciousness in sleep. This is also something that human beings need by day if they do not wish to lead an arid, empty, unhealthy waking life. Dreams come during sleep at night in any case, and no proof of this is required. Midway between the two poles of night dreaming and day dreaming lies the condition that can live in fantasy.

So here again there is a threefold life of soul. The intellectual element in which we are really awake brings us shadow-images of the astral plane when by day we give ourselves up to a thought, wherein originate the most fruitful ideas for daily life and great inventions. Then during sleep, when we dream, these dreams play into our life of sleep, and images from Lower Devachan are shadowed into us. When we work during sleep, impressing morality into our will—we cannot perceive this directly, but certainly we can perceive its effects—when we are able to imbue our thinking during the night with the influence of divine-spiritual powers, then the impulses we perceive are shadowings from Higher Devachan, the higher heavenly world. These are the moral impulses and feelings that live within us and lead us to say that human life fundamentally is justified only when we place our thoughts at the service of the good and the beautiful, when we allow the very heart's blood of divine-spiritual life to stream through our intellectual activities, permeating them with moral impulses.

What we present here as the life of the human soul, first from outer, exoteric observation and then from observation of a more mystical character, is revealed by deeper esoteric research. The processes that have been described in their more outer aspect can also be perceived in man through clairvoyance. When a man stands in front of us today in his waking state and we observe him with the clairvoyant eye, certain rays of light are seen streaming continually from the heart toward the head. If we wish to sketch this schematically, we must draw the region of the heart here and show the continuous streamings from there to the brain, flowing in the head around the organ known in anatomy as the pineal gland.

Diagram 3

These rays of light stream from the heart to the head and flow around the pineal gland. These streamings arise because human blood, which is a physical substance, is continually dissolving itself into etheric substance. In the region of the heart there is a continual transformation of the blood into this delicate etheric substance that streams upward toward the head and flows glimmeringly around the pineal gland. This process, the etherization of the blood, can be shown in the human being throughout his waking life. It is different now, however, in the sleeping human being. When a human being sleeps, the occult observer is able to see a continual streaming from outside into the brain and also in the reverse direction, from the brain to the heart.

These streams, however, which in sleeping man come from outside, from cosmic space, from the macrocosm, and flow into the inner constitution of the physical and etheric bodies lying in the bed, reveal something remarkable when they are investigated. These rays vary greatly in different individuals. Sleeping human beings differ greatly from one another, and if those who are a little vain only knew how badly they betray themselves to esoteric observation when they go to sleep during public gatherings, they would try their best not to let this happen!

Moral qualities are revealed distinctly in the particular coloring of the streams that flow into human beings during sleep; in a person of lower moral principles the streams are quite different from what is observable in a person of higher principles. Endeavors to disguise one's nature by day are useless. In the face of the higher cosmic powers, no disguise is possible. In the case of a man who has only a slight inclination toward moral principles the rays streaming into him are a brownish red in color—various shades tending toward brownish red. In a man of high moral ideals the rays are lilac-violet. At the moment of waking or of going to sleep, a kind of struggle takes place in the region of the pineal gland between what streams down from above and what streams upward from below. When a man is awake, the intellectual element streams upward from below in the form of currents of light, and what is of moral-aesthetic nature streams downward from above. At the moment of waking or of going to sleep, these two currents meet, and in the man of low morality a violent struggle between the two streams takes place in the region of the pineal gland. In the man of high morality and an outstreaming intellectuality, a peaceful expansion of glimmering light appears in the region of the pineal gland. This gland is almost surrounded by a small sea of light in the moment between waking and sleeping. Moral nobility is revealed when a calm glow surrounds the pineal gland at these moments. In this way a man's moral character is reflected in him, and this calm glow of light often extends as far as the region of the heart. Two streams can therefore be perceived in man—one from the macrocosm, the other from the microcosm.

To estimate the full significance of how these two streams meet in man, we must first consider what was said previously in a more external way about the life of the soul and how this life reveals the threefold polarity of the intellectual, the aesthetic, and the moral elements that stream downward from above, from the brain toward the heart; we must also grasp the full significance of what was said about turning our attention to the corresponding phenomenon in the macrocosm. This corresponding phenomenon can be described today as the result of the most scrupulously careful esoteric research of recent years, undertaken by individuals among the genuine Rosicrucians. (see Note 7) These investigations have shown that something corresponding to what has been described in connection with the microcosm also takes place in the macrocosm. You will understand this more fully as time goes on.

Just as in the region of the human heart the blood is continually being transformed into etheric substance, so a similar process takes place in the macrocosm. We understand this when we turn our eyes to the Mystery of Golgotha, to the moment when the blood flowed from the wounds of Jesus Christ. This blood must not be regarded simply as chemical substance, but by reason of all that has been described as the nature of Jesus of Nazareth, it must be recognized as something altogether unique. When it flowed from His wounds and into the earth, a substance was imparted to our earth which, in uniting with it, constituted an event of the greatest possible significance for all future ages of the earth, and it could take place only once. What happened with this blood in the ages that followed? Nothing different from what otherwise takes place in the heart of man. In the course of earthly evolution, this blood passed through a process of “etherization.” Just as our blood streams upward from the heart as ether, so, since the Mystery of Golgotha, the etherized blood of Christ Jesus has lived in the ether of the earth. The etheric body of the earth is permeated by what the blood that flowed on Golgotha became. This is important. If what has thus come to pass through Christ Jesus had not taken place, man's condition on the earth could only have been as previously described. Since the Mystery of Golgotha, however, there has existed the continuous possibility for the activity of the etheric blood of Christ to flow together with the streamings from below upward, from heart to head.

Because the etherized blood of Jesus of Nazareth is present in the etheric body of the earth, it accompanies the etherized human blood streaming upward from the heart to the brain, so that not only do these streams that I described earlier meet in man, but the human bloodstream unites with the bloodstream of Christ Jesus. A union of these two streams can come about, however, only if man is able to unfold true understanding of what is contained in the Christ impulse. Otherwise, there can be no union; the two streams then mutually repel each other, thrust each other away. In every age of earthly evolution, we must acquire understanding in the form suitable for that epoch. At the time when Christ Jesus lived on earth, preceding events could be rightly understood by those who came to His forerunner, John, and were baptised by him according to the rite described in the Gospels. They experienced baptism in order that their sin, that is to say, the karma of their previous lives, karma, that had come to an end, might be changed, and in order that they might realize that the most powerful impulse in earthly evolution was about to descend into a physical body. The evolution of humanity progresses, however, and in our present age it is important that man should learn to understand that the knowledge contained in spiritual science must be received and gradually be able so to fire the streams flowing from heart to brain that anthroposophy can be understood. If this comes to pass, individuals will be able to comprehend the event that has its beginning in the twentieth century: the appearance of the etheric Christ in contradistinction to the physical Christ of Palestine.

We have now reached the moment in time when the etheric Christ enters into the life of the earth and will become visible, at first to a small number of people, through a natural clairvoyance. Then in the course of the next 3,000 years, He will become visible to greater and greater numbers of people. This will inevitably come to pass; it is an event of nature. That it will come to pass is as true as were the achievements of electricity in the nineteenth century. A certain number of individuals will see the etheric Christ and will themselves experience the event that took place at Damascus. This will depend, however, upon such human beings learning to observe the moment when Christ draws near to them. In only a few decades from now it will happen, particularly to those who are young in years—already preparation is being made for this—that some person here or there has certain experiences. If only he has truly sharpened his vision through engaging himself with anthroposophy, he may become aware that suddenly someone has come near to help him, to make him alert to this or that. The truth is that Christ has come to him, although he believes that what he sees is a physical man. He will come to realize, however, that this is a super-sensible being, because it immediately vanishes. Many a human being will have this experience when sitting silently in his room, heavy-hearted and oppressed, not knowing which way to turn. The door will open, and the etheric Christ will appear and speak words of consolation to him. The Christ will become a living comforter to men. However strange it may as yet seem, it is true nevertheless that many a time when people, even in considerable numbers, are sitting together not knowing what to do and waiting, they will see the etheric Christ. He Himself will be there, will confer with them, will cast His word into such gatherings. We are now approaching these times, and the positive, constructive element now described will take hold of the evolution of humanity.

No word shall be said here against the great advances made by culture in our day; these achievements are essential for the welfare and the freedom of human beings. Whatever can be gained in the way of outer progress, however, in mastering the forces of nature, is something small and insignificant compared with the blessing bestowed upon the person who experiences the awakening in his soul through Christ, Who will now take hold of human culture and its concerns. What thereby awakens in human beings will be unifying, positive forces. Christ brings constructive forces into human civilization.

If we were to look into early post-Atlantean times, we would find that human beings built their dwelling places by methods quite different from those used today. In those days they made use of all kinds of growing things. Even when building palaces, they summoned nature to their aid by having plants and branches of trees interlace with one another, and so on. Today, human beings must build with broken fragments. We make all culture of the outer world with the products of fragmentation. In the course of the coming years you will understand even better how much in our culture is the product of destruction.

Light is destroying itself within our post-Atlantean earthly processes. Until the time of Atlantis the earthly process was a progressive process, but since then it has been a process of decay. What is light? Light decays, and the decaying light is electricity. What we know as electricity is light that is destroying itself within matter. The chemical force that undergoes a transformation within earthly evolution is magnetism. Yet a third force will become active, and if electricity seems to work wonders today, this third force will affect civilization in a still more miraculous way. The more of this force we employ, the faster the earth will tend to become a corpse and its spiritual part prepare for the Jupiter embodiment. Forces have to be applied to destroy the earth in order that man can become free of the earth and that the earth's body can fall away. As long as the earth was involved in a progressive process, this was not done, since only the decaying earth can use the great achievements of electricity. Strange as this sounds, it must gradually become known. We must understand the process of evolution to evaluate our culture in the right way. We shall learn thereby that it is necessary for the earth to be destroyed; otherwise, the spirit will not become free. We shall also learn to value what is positive, namely, the penetration of spiritual forces into our existence on earth.

We thus realize what a tremendous advance was signified by the fact that Christ necessarily lived for three years on the earth in a specially prepared human body in order that He might be visible to physical eyes. Through what came to pass during those three years, human beings have become ripe to behold the Christ Who will move among them in an etheric body, Who will enter into earthly life as truly and effectively as did the physical Christ in Palestine. If human beings observe such happenings with undimmed senses they will know that there is an etheric body that will move about within the physical world, but they will know that this is the only etheric body able to work in the physical world as a human physical body works. It will differ from a physical body in this respect only, that it can be in two, three, even in a hundred, a thousand places at the same time. This is possible only for an etheric, not for a physical form. What will be accomplished in humanity through this further advance is that the two poles I have mentioned, the intellectual and the moral, will more and more become one; they will merge into unity. This will come about because in the course of the next millennia human beings will learn increasingly to observe the etheric Christ in the world; more and more they will be permeated in waking life, too, by the direct working of the good from the spiritual world. Whereas now the will sleeps by day, and man is only able to influence it indirectly through thought, in the course of the next millennia, through what from our time onward is working in us under the aegis of Christ, it will come about that the deeds of human beings in waking condition, too, can be directly productive of good.

The dream of Socrates, that virtue be able to be taught, will come true; more and more it will be possible on earth not only for our intellect to be stimulated and energized by this teaching but, through this teaching, for moral impulses to be spread abroad. Schopenhauer said, “To preach morality is easy; to establish it is most difficult.” Why is this? Because no morality has yet been spread by preaching. It is quite possible to recognize moral principles and yet not abide by them. For most people the Pauline saying holds good, that the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. This will change, through the moral fire streaming from the figure of Christ. Through this, the need for moral impulses on earth will be increasingly clear to man. Man will transform the earth in so far as he feels with ever-increasing strength that morality is an essential part of the earth. In the future, to be immoral will be possible only for people who receive immoral help, who are goaded in this direction, who are possessed by evil demons, by Ahrimanic, Asuric powers, and who strive for this possession.

This is the future condition of the earth: there will be a sufficient number of people who increasingly teach morality and at the same time offer a moral foundation, but there will also be those who by their own free decision surrender themselves to the evil powers and thus enable an excess of evil to be pitted against a good humanity. Nobody will be forced to do this; it will lie in the free will of each individual.

Then will come the time when the earth passes into conditions which, as in so much else, are only described in the great definitions of Oriental occultism, Oriental mysticism. The moral atmosphere will by then have gathered considerable strength. For many thousands of years Oriental mysticism has spoken of this moment in time, and since the coming of Gautama Buddha it has spoken especially strongly about that future condition when the earth will be bathed in a “moral-ether-atmosphere.” Ever since the time of the ancient Rishis it was the great hope of Oriental mysticism that this moral impulse would come to the earth from Vishva-Karman or, as Zarathustra proclaimed, from Ahura Mazdao. Oriental mysticism thus foresaw that this moral impulse, this moral atmosphere, would come to the earth from the being we call the Christ. It was upon Him, upon Christ, that the hopes of Oriental mysticism were set.

Oriental mystics were able to picture the consequences of that event but not the actual form it would take. They could picture that within a period of 5,000 years after the great Buddha achieved Enlightenment, pure Akashic forms, bathed in fire, lit by the sun, would appear in the wake of one Who could not be recognized through Oriental mysticism. A wonderful picture in very truth: that something would come to make it possible for the Sons of Fire and of Light to move about the moral atmosphere of the earth, not in physically embodied form but as pure Akashic forms within the earth's moral atmosphere. Five thousand years after Gautama Buddha's Enlightenment, so it was said, the teacher will also be there to make known to human beings what these wonderful forms are, these pure forms of Fire and Light. This teacher—the Maitreya Buddha—will appear 3,000 years after our time and will be able to teach people about the Christ impulse.

Oriental mysticism thus unites with the Christian knowledge of the West to form a beautiful unity. It will also be disclosed that he who will appear 3,000 years after our time as the Maitreya Buddha will have incarnated again and again on the earth as a Bodhisattva, as the successor of Gautama Buddha. One of his incarnations was that of Jeshu ben Pandira, who lived a hundred years before the beginning of our era. The being who incarnated in Jeshu ben Pandira is the same one who will one day become the Maitreya Buddha and who from century to century returns ever and again in a body of flesh, not yet as Buddha himself but as Bodhisattva. Even in our age there proceeds from him who later will be the Maitreya Buddha the most significant teachings concerning the Christ being and the Sons of Fire—the Agnishvattas—of Indian mysticism.

Those things by which man can recognize the being who is to become the Maitreya Buddha are common to all genuine Eastern mysticism and to Christian wisdom. The Maitreya Buddha who, in contrast to the Sons of Fire, will appear in a physical body as Bodhisattva, can be recognized by the fact that at first in his youth his development gives no intimation of the nature of the individuality within him. Only those possessed of understanding will recognize the presence of a Bodhisattva in such a human being, manifesting between the ages of thirty and thirty-three and not before. Something akin to an exchange of personality then takes place. The Maitreya Buddha will reveal his identity to humanity in the thirty-third year of his life. As Christ Jesus began his lifework in His thirtieth year, so do the Bodhisattvas, who will continue to proclaim the Christ impulses, reveal themselves in the thirty-third year of their lives. The Maitreya Buddha himself, as transformed Bodhisattva, speaking in powerful words of which no adequate idea can be given at the present time, will proclaim the great secrets of existence. He will speak in a language that must first be created, because no human being today could find the words with which the Maitreya Buddha will address humanity. The reason human beings cannot yet be addressed in this way is that the physical instrument for this form of speech does not yet exist. The teaching of the Enlightened One will not stream into human beings as teachings only but will pour moral impulses into their souls. Such words cannot yet be uttered by a physical larynx; in our time they can be present only in the spiritual worlds.

Anthroposophy is the preparation for everything that will come in the future. Those who take the process of man’s evolution seriously resolve not to allow the soul's development to come to a standstill but to ensure that its development will eventually enable the spiritual part of the earth to become free, leaving the grosser part to fall away like a corpse—for human beings could frustrate the whole process. Those who desire evolution to succeed must acquire understanding of the spiritual life through what we today call anthroposophy. The cultivation of anthroposophy thus becomes a duty; knowledge becomes something that we actually experience, something toward which we have responsibility. When we are inwardly aware of this responsibility and have this resolve, when we experience the mysteries of the world so as to arouse in us the wish to become anthroposophists, then our experience is right. Anthroposophy must not, however, be something that merely satisfies our curiosity; it must rather be something without which we cannot live. Only when this is the case do we experience in the right sense; only then do we live as living building stones in that great construction that must be carried out in human souls and that can embrace all humanity.

Anthroposophy is thus a revelation of true world phenomena that will confront people of the future and will confront our own souls, whether still in a physical body or in the life between death and a new birth. The coming upheaval will concern us regardless of whether we are still living in the physical body or whether we have laid it aside. People must acquire understanding of the earth in the physical body if it is to take effect between death and a new birth. To those who acquire some understanding of Christ now in the physical body, it will make no difference, when the moment comes to behold Christ, whether or not they have already passed through the portal of death. But if those who now reject understanding of the Christ have already passed through the portal of death when this moment arrives, they must wait until their next incarnation, because such understanding cannot be acquired between death and a new birth. Once the foundation has been acquired, however, it endures, and then Christ becomes visible also during the period between death and the new birth. Anthroposophy is thus not only something we learn for our physical life but also has value when we have laid aside the physical body at death.

This is what I wished to impart to you today as an understanding of humanity and a handle in answering many questions. Self-knowledge is difficult because man is such a complex being. The reason for this complexity is that he is connected with all the higher worlds and beings. We have within us shadow-images of the great world, and all the members of our constitution—the physical, etheric, and astral bodies and the I—are worlds for divine beings. Our physical, etheric, and astral bodies and I form one world; the other is the higher world, the world of heaven. For the divine-spiritual beings, the higher worlds are the bodily members in high, divine-spiritual worlds.

Man is so complex because he is truly a mirror-image of the spiritual world. Realization of this should make him conscious of his intrinsic worth. From this knowledge, however, that although we are pictures of the spiritual world we nevertheless fall far short of what we ought to be—from this knowledge we also acquire, in addition to consciousness of our worth as human beings, the right attitude of modesty and humility toward the macrocosm and its gods.

Rudolf Steiner's Answers to Questions at the End of the Lecture

Question: How are the words used by St. Paul, “to speak in tongues” (I Cor. 12:10), to be understood?

Answer: In exceptional human beings it can happen that not only is there present the phenomenon of speaking in the waking state but something otherwise present only in sleep-consciousness flows into this speaking. This is the phenomenon about which St. Paul spoke. Goethe spoke about it in the same sense; he has written two most interesting treatises about this phenomenon.

Question: How will one understand Christ's words of consolation?

Answer: Human beings will feel these words of consolation as though they arise in their own hearts. They can also be received through physical hearing.

Question: What is the relationship of chemical forces and substances to the spiritual world?

Answer: There are in the world a number of substances that can combine with or separate from each other. What we call chemical action is projected into the physical world from the world of Devachan—the realm of the harmony of the spheres. In the union of two substances according to their atomic weights, we have a shadowing of two tones of the harmony of the spheres. The chemical affinity between two substances in the physical world is like a shadowing from the world of the harmony of the spheres. The numerical ratios in chemistry are really an expression of the numerical ratios of the harmony of the spheres, which has become dumb and silent owing to the densification of matter. If one were able actually to bring material substance into etheric dilution and to perceive the atomic numbers as the inner formative principle, one would hear the harmony of the spheres.

We have the physical world, the astral world, the Lower Devachan, and the Higher Devachan. If one thrusts the body down lower even than the physical world, one comes into the sub-physical world, the lower astral world, the lower or evil Lower Devachan, and the lower or evil Higher Devachan. The evil astral world is the province of Ahriman and the evil Higher Devachan the province of the Asuras. If one drives chemical action down beneath the physical plane, into the evil Devachanic world, magnetism arises. If one thrusts light down into the sub-material—that is to say, a stage deeper than the material world-electricity arises. If what lives in the harmony of the spheres is thrust down farther still, into the province of the Asuras, an even more terrible force, which it will not be possible to keep hidden very much longer, is generated. One can only hope that when this force comes—a force we must conceive as being far, far stronger than the most violent electrical discharge—one can only hope that before some discoverer gives this force into the hands of humanity, human beings will no longer have anything immoral left in them.

Question: What is electricity?

Answer: Electricity is light in the sub-material state. Light is there compressed to the utmost degree. An inward quality, too, must be ascribed to light; light is itself at every point. Warmth can extend itself in the three dimensions of space. In light we must speak of a fourth dimension; it can extend itself in a fourfold way; it has the quality of inwardness as a fourth dimension.

Question: What happens to the earth's corpse?

Answer: As the residue of the ancient Moon evolution we have our present moon that circles the earth. Similarly, there will be a residue of the earth that will circle Jupiter. Then these residues will gradually dissolve into the universal ether. On Venus there will no longer be any residue. Venus will manifest, to begin with, as pure warmth, then it will become light, and then it will pass over into the spiritual world. The residue left behind by the earth will be like a corpse. This is a path along which man must not accompany the earth, however, because he would thereby be exposed to dreadful torments. There are, however, many beings who will accompany this corpse, since they themselves will by that means develop to a higher stage.

    Reflected as sub-physical world:
      Astral World ............. the province of Lucifer
      Lower Devachan ........... the province of Ahriman
      Higher Devachan .......... the province of the Asuras
Diagram 4

Die Ätherisation des Blutes. Das Eingreifen des Ätherischen Christus in die Erdenentwicklung

Die Selbsterkenntnis des Menschen ist zwar als eine Aufforderung an unsere Seele durch alle Zeiten hindurch, in denen man mystisch oder realistisch oder sonst überhaupt nach Erkenntnis gestrebt hat, gefordert worden, doch ist, wie ja auch schon bei anderer Gelegenheit wiederholt betont werden musste, diese Selbsterkenntnis der menschlichen Seele keineswegs so leicht, als recht viele auch unter den Theosophen sich zuweilen noch vorstellen. Und die Schwierigkeiten der menschlichen Selbsterkenntnis sind etwas, was der Theosoph sich doch immer wieder und wiederum vor die Seele rücken sollte, weil ja auf der anderen Seite diese Selbsterkenntnis das Notwendigste ist, wenn wir überhaupt zu einem menschenwürdigen Ziel im Weltensein, zu einem wirklichen menschenwürdigen Dasein und Handeln kommen wollen.

Wir wollen uns heute nun ein wenig zunächst mit der Frage beschäftigen, warum denn Selbsterkenntnis für den Menschen schwierig sein muss. Der Mensch ist ja nun einmal ein recht kompliziertes Wesen, und wenn wir etwa sprechen vom menschlichen Seelen-, menschlichen Innenleben, so wollen wir uns keineswegs dieses Seelenleben, dieses Innenleben von vornherein einfach, elementar vorstellen, sondern wir wollen die Geduld und die Ausdauer haben, immer tiefer dringen zu wollen, um diesen Wunderbau, diese wunderbare Organisation der göttlich-geistigen Weltenmächte, als welche der Mensch erscheinen kann, nach und nach wirklich zu durchdringen. Zweierlei kann uns an dem Leben der menschlichen Seele auffallen, bevor wir in das Wesen des Erkennens eindringen.

Gleichsam wie der Magnet Nordpol und Südpol hat, wie in der Erscheinung der Welt draußen Hell und Dunkel als Hauptschattierungen des Lichtes vorkommen, so hat die Seele auch zwei, man möchte sagen Seelenpole ihres Daseins. Diese beiden Pole können uns erscheinen, wenn wir den Menschen in zwei Situationen, zwei Lagen des Lebens betrachten. Eine solche Lebenslage würde etwa für das seelische Leben gegeben sein, wenn wir einen Menschen, nun sagen wir einmal, auf der Straße stehen sehen, ganz verloren in die Betrachtung einer schönen, hehren, auffälligen Naturerscheinung. Wir sehen, wie er keine Hand bewegt, kein Bein bewegt, wie er fast das Auge nicht abwendet von der Naturerscheinung oder dem Gegenstand, der ihm auffällt und den er beobachtet, und wir gewahren, dass er beschäftigt ist, sich im Innern Bilder zu machen von dem, was er vor Augen sieht. Wir sagen: Er ist in Betrachtung versunken, er stellt sich seine Umgebung vor. Das wäre die eine Situation, die wir betrachten wollen. Eine andere Situation wäre die folgende: Irgendein Mensch geht über die Straße, und er fühlt sich von einem anderen Menschen beleidigt, verletzt. Ohne viel Nachdenken geht sein Zorn, sein Ärger mit ihm durch, und er macht als Ausfluss seines Zornes dieses: Er gibt dem, der ihn beleidigt hat, einen Schlag oder dergleichen. Wir gewahren da eine Erscheinung derjenigen Kräfte, die aus dem Zorn, dem Ärger entspringen. Wir werden da Willensimpulse gewahr, und wir können uns ganz. gut vorstellen, dass nicht viele Gedanken und Vorstellungen diesem Impuls vorangegangen sind, dass der Betreffende vielleicht nicht ausgeholt hätte zum Schlag, dass er den Ausbruch des Zornes verhindert hätte, wenn er viel nachgedacht hätte. Wir haben da zwei extreme Handlungen vor uns hingestellt: die eine, die sich ganz als eine Vorstellung zeigt, bei der der bewusste Wille ganz ausgeschaltet ist, und die andere, bei der das Vorstellungsleben ausgeschaltet wird und wo der Mensch sogleich zur Äußerung eines Willensimpulses übergeht. Das sind die zwei Dinge, die uns überhaupt die zwei extremen Pole der menschlichen Seele darstellen. Das Impulsive des Willens ist der eine Pol, das willenlose Hingegebensein an die Betrachtung, die Vorstellung, das Denken, während der Wille schweigt, das ist der andere Pol. So hätten wir die Tatsachen ganz exoterisch, rein durch Betrachtung des äußeren Lebens vor uns hingestellt.

Wir können nun etwas tiefer gehen, und wir kommen dann in diejenigen Sphären, in denen wir uns nur dann ganz zurechtfinden, wenn wir die okkulte Forschung zu Hilfe nehmen. Eine andere Polarität tritt uns da entgegen, das ist die Polarität von Wachen und Schlafen. Wir wissen ja, was in okkulter Beziehung der Schlaf und das Wachen bedeuten. Nach den Elementarbegriffen unserer theosophischen Erkenntnis wissen wir, dass im Wachen die vier Glieder, physischer, Äther-, Astralleib und Ich organisch ineinanderstecken, ineinanderwirken, dass im Schlaf aber physischer und Ätherleib im Bette liegen, Astralleib und Ich aber wie ausgegossen sind in der ganzen großen Welt, die unmittelbar an unser physisches Dasein angrenzend ist. Wir könnten auch diese Tatsachen noch anders behandeln. Wir könnten uns nämlich auch da einmal fragen, wie es denn eigentlich mit dem Betrachten der Welt des Lebens steht, dem Vorstellen und Denken und dem Willen und seinen Impulsen beim Wachen und beim Schlafen?

Sehen Sie nun, wenn man tiefer geht, so zeigt es sich, dass in einem besonderen Sinne der Mensch in seinem gegenwärtigen physischen Dasein eigentlich immer schläft. Er schläft nur in der Nacht anders als bei Tage. Rein äußerlich schon können Sie sich das vergegenwärtigen, da Sie wissen, dass man bei Tage okkult aufwachen kann, hellsichtig werden, in die geistige Welt hineinsehen kann. Der gewöhnliche physische Leib ist gegenüber dieser Betrachtung eingeschlafen, und man kann sagen, es ist ein Aufwachen, wenn der Mensch lernt, seine geistigen Sinne zu gebrauchen. Und in Bezug auf den Nachtschlaf ist es klar, dass da der Mensch schläft. Sodass man sagen kann: Der gewöhnliche Schlaf ist ein Schlaf in Bezug auf die äußere physische Welt, das Tagesbewusstsein ist gegenwärtig ein Schlaf in Bezug auf die geistige Welt.

Wir können uns diese Tatsachen in noch ganz anderer Weise vor Augen führen. Wenn man tiefer geht, so merkt man, dass der Mensch im gewöhnlichen wachenden Zustand seines physischen Lebens über seinen Willen in der Regel recht wenig Gewalt hat. Der Wille ist etwas, was sich dem Tagesleben gar sehr entzieht. Wollen Sie einmal aufmerksam betrachten, was wir menschlichen Willen nennen, so werden Sie sehen, wie wenig sich der Mensch während des Tageslebens in der Gewalt hat in Bezug auf die Willensimpulse. Betrachten Sie, wie wenig von dem, was Sie vom Morgen bis zum Abend tun, wirklich aus eigenem Denken und Vorstellen, aus persönlichem, individuellem Entschluss hervorgeht. Sie können, wenn irgendwer an die Tür klopft und Sie sagen: Herein!, dies nicht einen wirklichen Entschluss Ihres eigenen Denkens und Willens nennen. Sie können unmöglich, wenn Sie hungrig sind und sich zu Tisch setzen, sagen, das wäre ein Willensentschluss von Ihnen, denn er ist durch Ihren Organismus, durch Ihren Zustand veranlasst. Versuchen Sie jetzt, Ihr Tagesleben sich vor Augen zu halten, und Sie werden sehen, wie wenig der Wille direkt vom menschlichen Zentrum beeinflusst ist. Was ist die Ursache hiervon? Das lehrt der Okkultismus, der zeigt, dass der Mensch in Bezug auf den Willen in der Tat bei Tag schläft, das heißt, dass er in seinen Willensimpulsen gar nicht darinnen lebt. Wir können zu immer besseren und besseren Begriffen und Vorstellungen kommen, meinetwegen moralischere, geschmackvollere Menschen werden, aber in Bezug auf den Willen können wir gar nichts machen. Wenn wir bessere Gedanken hegen, können wir indirekt auf den Willen zurückwirken, aber in Bezug auf den Willen können wir, was das Leben anbetrifft, direkt gar nichts machen, denn unser Wille wird erst auf einem Umwege direkt beeinflusst von unserem Alltagsleben, auf dem Umwege durch den Schlaf. Sie denken nicht, wenn Sie schlafen, Sie haben keine Vorstellungen: Das Vorstellen und Denken ist es, was in Schlaf übergeht. Der Wille dagegen wacht und durchdringt unseren Organismus von außen und belebt ihn. Daher werden wir uns gestärkt fühlen am Morgen, weil das, was in unseren Organismus eindringt, willensartiger Natur ist. Dass wir dieses Arbeiten des Willens nicht wahrnehmen, dass wir nichts davon wissen, mag uns ganz glaublich erscheinen, wenn wir bedenken, dass unser Vorstellen schläft, wenn wir schlafen. Daher wollen wir zunächst eine Anregung für weiteres Nachsinnen, weiteres Meditieren geben. Sie werden sehen, je weiter Sie in der Selbsterkenntnis vorwärtskommen, desto mehr werden Sie diesen Satz bewahrheitet finden: Der Mensch schläft in Bezug auf seinen Willen, wenn er wacht, und er schläft in Bezug auf sein Vorstellen, wenn er schläft. Bei Tag schläft der Wille, bei Nacht schläft das Vorstellungsleben.

Wenn der Mensch sich dessen nicht bewusst wird, dass der Wille in der Nacht nicht schläft, so rührt dies davon her, dass der Mensch nur im Vorstellungsleben zu wachen versteht. Der Wille schläft nicht in der Nacht, sondern er wirkt da wie in seinem wahren feurigen Element, arbeitet an seinem Leibe, um herzustellen, was verbraucht worden ist bei Tage.

Es gibt im Menschen also zwei Pole, die Willensimpulse und das Beobachtungs- oder Vorstellungsleben, und die Menschen verhalten sich im ganz entgegengesetzten Sinne zu diesen zwei Polen. Dies sind aber nur zwei Pole. Das ganze Seelenleben liegt in verschiedenen Nuancen zwischen diesen beiden Polen, und wir werden jetzt diesem Seelenleben noch etwas nähertreten, indem wir versuchen, dieses Seelenleben, das mikrokosmische Seelenleben in ein Verhältnis zu bringen zu dem, was wir als die höheren Welten erkennen. Wir haben aus dem, was gesagt worden ist, ersehen, dass der eine Pol unseres Seelenlebens das Vorstellungsleben ist.

Dieses Vorstellungsleben ist etwas, was dem äußeren, materialistisch denkenden Menschen als etwas Unwirkliches erscheint. Nicht wahr, wie oft hört man den Gedanken aussprechen: Ach, Vorstellungen und Gedanken sind ja nur Vorstellungen und Gedanken! Man will darauf hinweisen, dass, wenn man ein Stück Brot oder Fleisch in die Hand nimmt, dies eine Realität ist, dass ein Gedanke aber nur ein Gedanke ist. Man meint, Gedanken könne man nicht essen, sie seien daher nicht real, wirklich, es sind «nur» Gedanken. Warum sind es aber nur Gedanken? Aus dem Grunde, weil das, was der Mensch seine Gedanken nennt, sich zu dem, was Gedanken eigentlich sind, verhält wie ein Schattenbild zu einer Sache selber. Wenn Sie da eine Blume haben und Sie schauen ihr Schattenbild, so weist das Schattenbild auf die Blume, auf die Wirklichkeit hin. So ist es auch mit den Gedanken. Es ist so, dass das menschliche Denken das Schattenbild ist von Vorstellungen und Wesenheiten, die in einer höheren Welt sind: in dem, was man den Astralplan nennt. Und richtig stellen Sie sich eigentlich das Denken vor, wenn Sie sich hier - es ist das nicht ganz richtig, sondern schematisch gezeichnet - das menschliche Haupt vorstellen. In diesem Haupte sind die Gedanken, die ich hier durch Striche darstellen will. Aber diese Gedanken, die im Haupte sind, stellen wir uns als lebendige Wesen — hier auf dem Astralplane - vor. Da wirken die verschiedenartigsten Wesen, da wimmelt es nur so von Vorstellungen und Handlungen, die ihr Schattenbild in den Menschen hineinwerfen, und diese Vorgänge spiegeln sich ab im menschlichen Haupte als das Denken. Es ist eine richtige Vorstellung, wenn Sie sich denken: Von Ihrem Haupte gehen fortwährend Strömungen in den Astralplan, und diese sind die Schatten, die das Gedankenleben in Ihrem Haupte vermitteln. (Siehe Schema Seite 93.)

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Es gibt nun außer dem, was wir das Gedankenleben nennen können, für die menschliche Seele noch ein anderes Leben. Man unterscheidet im gewöhnlichen Leben - das ist nicht ganz. genau, aber ich sage es, damit man aus dem gewöhnlichen Leben heraus einen Begriff dafür bekommt - zwischen dem Gedankenleben und dem Empfindungsleben. Unter den Gefühlen unterscheidet man solche des Gefallens, sympathische, und des Missfallens, unsympathische Gefühle. Erstere stellen sich ein bei Handlungen des Rechtes, des Wohlwollens, Antipathie tritt auf bei Handlungen des Übelwollens, des Unrechtes. Das ist schon mehr als das bloße Vorstellen, das ist etwas anderes. Etwas uns vorstellen tun wir auch den gleichgültigen Dingen gegenüber. Aber diese Scelenerlebnisse der Sympathie und der Antipathie haben wir nur dem Schönen und Guten gegenüber oder dem Schlechten und Hässlichen. Gerade so wie alles, was im Menschen sich abspielt als Gedanken, auf den Astralplan hinweist, so weist alles, was verknüpft ist mit Sympathie und Antipathie, hin auf das, was wir das niedere Devachan nennen. Und ebenso könnte ich die Linien, die ich vorher bis in die Astralwelt bei diesen Vorstellungen gezeichnet habe, nun hinaufziehen ins Devachan oder die Himmelswelt. In uns, vorzugsweise in unserer Brust spielen sich Vorgänge ab der Himmelswelt oder des Devachan als Gefühle der Sympathie und Antipathie für das Schöne und das Hässliche, das Gute und Schlechte oder Böse, sodass wir mit dem, was wir nennen können unsere Empfindungen gegenüber der moralisch-ästhetischen Welt, die Abschattungen des niederen Devachan, der Himmelswelt, in unserer Seele tragen.

Dann gibt es noch ein Drittes im menschlichen Seelenleben, was wir genau unterscheiden müssen von der bloßen Vorliebe für wohlwollende Handlungen. Es ist ein Unterschied, ob man dasteht und dort eine schöne, wohlwollende Handlung sicht und Gefallen daran findet, oder ob man selber den Willen in Tätigkeit umsetzt, um selbst eine wohlwollende Handlung auszuführen. Ich möchte das Wohlgefallen an guten, schönen, das Missfallen an bösen, hässlichen Handlungen das ästhetische Element nennen, dagegen das, was den Menschen treibt, gut zu handeln, das moralische. Das Moralische steht höher als das bloß Ästhetische, das bloße Gefallen oder Missfallen steht tiefer als das Sich-gedrängt-Fühlen, Gutes oder Böses zu tun. Insofern unsere Seele sich angetrieben fühlt, insofern sie die moralischen Impulse fühlt, sind diese Impulse die Schattenbilder des höheren Devachan, der oberen Himmelswelt.

Wir können uns ganz gut vorstellen, dass diese drei stufenweise übereinanderstehenden Seelentätigkeiten, die rein intellektuelle des Denkens, Vorstellens, Betrachtens, die ästhetische des Gefallens und Missfallens und die moralische in den Impulsen gegenüber dem Bösen und Guten, dass diese drei auseinandergelagerten Erlebnisse des Seelen-Erlebens des Menschen mikrokosmische Bilder sind dessen, was in der großen Welt draußen im Makrokosmos sich übereinanderlagert in den drei Welten: der astralischen Welt, die sich spiegelt als die Gedankenwelt, die intellektuelle Welt; der devachanischen Welt, die sich abschattet als ästhetische Welt des Gefallens und Missfallens; der höheren Devachanwelt, die sich abschattet als Moralität.

Gedanken: Schattenbilder von Wesenheiten des Astralplanes (Wachen)

Sympathie und Antipathie: Schattenbilder von Wesenheiten des niederen Devachen (Träumen)

Moralische Impulse: Schattenbilder von Wesenheiten des höheren Devachan (Schlafen)

Wenn wir das, was wir jetzt gesagt haben, verbinden mit dem früher von den beiden Polen der menschlichen Seele Gesagten, so müssen wir eben das Intellektuelle als einen Pol empfinden, als jenen Pol, der vorzugsweise das wachende Tagesleben beherrscht, wo wir wachen in Bezug auf das intellektuelle Leben. Der Mensch wacht während des Tages in Bezug auf seinen Intellekt, während des Schlafes wacht er in Bezug auf seinen Willen. Weil er aber dann schläft in Bezug auf seinen Intellekt, wird er sich dessen nicht bewusst, was er mit dem Willen unternimmt. Aber indirekt wirkt in den Willen hinein das, was wir moralische Grundsätze und Impulse nennen. Und in der Tat braucht der Mensch das Schlafleben, damit das, was er durch das Gedankenleben an moralischen Impulsen aufnimmt, wirklich zu effektiver Wirksamkeit kommen kann. Wahr ist es: So wie der Mensch heute ist im gewöhnlichen Leben, vermag er nur etwas Rechtes auf dem intellektuellen Plan auszuführen; weniger vermag er auf dem moralischen Plan: da sind wir darauf angewiesen, dass uns geholfen werde aus dem Makrokosmos heraus.

Was in uns ist, kann uns in der Intellektualität eine Spanne weiterführen, beim Schritt des moralisch Besserwerdens müssen uns Götter zu Hilfe kommen. Deshalb versinken wir in Schlaf, damit wir untertauchen können in den göttlichen Willen, wo wir nicht dabei sind mit dem machtlosen Intellekt und wo göttliche Kräfte das, was wir als moralische Grundsätze aufnehmen, umwandeln in die Kraft des Willens, wo sie hineinimpfen in unseren Willen dasjenige, was wir sonst nur in unsere Gedanken aufnehmen können.

Zwischen diesen zwei Polen, dem Willenspol, der bei Nacht wacht, und dem Intellektpol, der bei Tag wacht, liegt der ästhetische Kreis, der immer im Menschen vorhanden ist. Denn der Mensch ist bei Tage so, dass er nicht ganz wach ist. Nur die nüchternsten, philiströsesten Menschen wachen immer, wenn sie wach sind. Die Menschen müssen im Grunde genommen auch bei Tag etwas träumen, sie müssen während des Wachens auch etwas träumen können, müssen sich hingeben können der Kunst, der Dichtung oder sonstiger Lebensbetätigung, die nicht nur auf das derb Wirkliche gerichtet ist. Die sich so dem überlassen, die wirken da ein Band, das gar sehr erfrischend und belebend auf das ganze Dasein zurückwirken kann. Sich solchen Gedanken überlassen, das ist gewissermaßen das, was wie ein Traum in das Wachleben hineindringt. Und in das Schlafleben, da wissen Sie ja, dass man da das Träumen hineinbringt; da sind es die realen Träume, die das sonstige Bewusstsein im Schlafe durchdringen. Das ist etwas, was alle Menschen brauchen, die nicht bloß ein nüchternes, trockenes, ungesundes Tagesleben führen wollen. Und das Träumen kommt ohnedies in der Nacht, das braucht man nicht zu rechtfertigen. Dies ist das Mittlere, das zwischen den zwei Polen drinnenliegt: das nächtliche und das Tagesträumen, das in der Phantasie leben können.

So haben wir auch hier ein Dreifaches in der Seele: Das Intellektuelle, durch das wir so recht wachen und die Schattenbilder des Astralplanes in uns tragen, wenn wir bei Tag uns den Gedanken überlassen, sodass die fruchtbarsten Einfälle des Alltagslebens und die großen Erfindungen hervorkommen. Und während des Schlafes, wenn wir träumen, wenn diese Träume hereinspielen in unser Schlafleben, dann ist es so, dass in uns sich abschatten die Bilder der niederen Himmelswelt oder des Devachan. Und wenn wir dann im Schlafe arbeiten und Moralität unserem Willen einprägen - das können wir direkt nicht wahrnehmen, wohl aber in seinen Wirkungen -, dann, wenn wir imstande sind, diesen Einfluss der göttlich-geistigen Mächte während der Nacht unserem Denken einzuimpfen, so sind die Impulse, die wir da wahrnehmen, die Abschattungen aus dem oberen Devachan, der oberen Himmelswelt. Das sind die moralischen Impulse und Gefühle, die in uns leben und die uns sagen lassen: Im Grunde genommen ist das menschliche Leben nur dadurch gerechtfertigt, dass wir unsere Gedanken in den Dienst des Guten und Schönen stellen und unser intellektuelles Wirken durchströmt sein lassen von dem wahren, echten Herzblut des göttlich-geistigen Lebens, durchströmt sein lassen von moralischen Impulsen.

Was wir so als das menschliche Seelenleben hinstellen durch eine zuerst äußerliche exoterische Betrachtung, dann durch eine etwas mystischere Lebensbetrachtung, ergibt sich aus der tieferen okkulten Forschung. Und da zeigt sich uns dasjenige, was wir jetzt mehr äußerlich beschrieben haben, an Vorgängen, die das Hellsehen auch am Menschen wahrnehmen kann. Wenn der Mensch heute im Wachzustand vor uns steht und das hellseherische Auge betrachtet ihn, so zeigt sich, dass fortwährend vom Herzen nach dem Kopfe gewisse Lichtstrahlen gehen. Wenn wir das schematisch zeichnen wollen, müssten wir das so machen, dass wir hier die Herzgegend zeichnen, dann gehen fortwährend Strömungen nach dem Gehirn hin und umspielen im Innern des Hauptes dasjenige Organ, das in der Anatomie beschrieben wird als Zirbeldrüse. Wie Lichtstrahlen geht es vom Herzen nach dem Kopfe herauf und umströmt die Zirbeldrüse. Diese Strömungen entstehen dadurch, dass das menschliche Blut, das eine physische Substanz, ein Stoff ist, sich fortwährend auflöst in ätherische Substanz, sodass in der Gegend des Herzens ein fortwährender Übergang des Blutes in feine ätherische Substanz stattfindet, und diese strömt nach dem Kopfe herauf und umspielt glimmernd die Zirbeldrüse. Dieser Vorgang, das Ätherischwerden des Blutes, zeigt sich immerwährend am wachenden Menschen. Jetzt ist es aber anders am schlafenden Menschen. Da ist es so, dass wenn wir hier die Gehirn-, hier die Herzgegend hätten, so würde für den okkulten Beobachter eine fortwährende Strömung von außen herein, auch von rückwärts herein zum Herzen wahrnehmbar sein. Diese Strömungen aber, die beim schlafenden Menschen von draußen, vom Weltenraum, aus dem Makrokosmos in das Innere dessen, was da im Bette liegt als physischer und Ätherleib, hereinströmen, die stellen, wenn man sie untersucht, in der Tat etwas sehr Merkwürdiges dar. Diese Strahlen sind recht verschieden bei den verschiedenen Menschen. Die schlafenden Menschen sind recht verschieden voneinander, und wenn die Menschen, die noch ein bisschen eitel sind, zuletzt immer wüssten, wie schlimm sie sich verraten für den okkulten Blick, wenn sie in öffentlichen Versammlungen einschlafen, würden sie es verhindern, weil das verräterisch wirkt.

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In der Tat ist es so, dass sich im hohen Grade die moralischen Qualitäten zeigen in der eigenartigen Färbung dessen, was beim Schlafe in ihn einströmt, sodass der Mensch, der niedere moralische Grundsätze hat, eine ganz andere Strömung hat als ein Mensch mit hohen Grundsätzen. Da nützt es nichts, sich bei Tag zu verstellen. Den höheren Weltenmächten gegenüber kann man sich nicht verstellen. Es ist so, dass in einem, der nur ganz leise Neigung hat zu nicht ganz moralischen Grundsätzen, fortwährend einströmen so bräunlich-rote und allerlei sonstige nach dem Rotbräunlichen hinneigende Strahlungen. Und lila-violette Strahlungen treten auf bei denjenigen, die hohe moralische Ideale haben. Es ist nun im Moment des Aufwachens oder des Einschlafens in der Gegend der Zirbeldrüse eine Art Kampf vorhanden zwischen dem, was von oben nach unten, und dem, was von unten nach oben strömt. Das intellektuelle Element strömt von unten nach oben in Form von Lichtwirkungen beim wachenden Menschen, und das, was eigentlich moralisch-ästhetischer Natur ist, das strömt von oben nach unten. Und im Moment des Aufwachens und des Einschlafens begegnen sich die nach aufwärts- und abwärtsgehenden Ströme, und da kann man beurteilen, ob jemand besonders gescheit ist und niedere Grundsätze hat, wo sich dann ein starker Kampf abspielt in der Nähe der Zirbeldrüse, oder ob er gute Grundsätze hat und einem entgegenströmt seine Intellektualität: Dann zeigt sich ein ruhiges Ausbreiten einer glimmerigen Lichterscheinung um die Zirbeldrüse herum. Diese ist gleichsam eingebettet im Moment des Aufwachens oder Einschlafens in ein kleines Lichtmeer. Und darin, dass ein ruhiger Schein die Zirbeldrüse umgibt im Moment des Aufwachens und Einschlafens, zeigt sich die moralische Vornehmheit. So spiegelt sich im Menschen seine moralische Beschaffenheit. Und dieser ruhige Schein dehnt sich oftmals aus weit bis in die Herzgegend hinein. So zeigen sich im Menschen zwei Strömungen, die eine aus dem Makrokosmos, die andere eine mikrokosmische.

Die ganze Tragweite dessen, wie diese beiden Strömungen sich im Menschen treffen, würden wir erst ermessen, wenn wir einerseits bedenken das, was vorher mehr äußerlich gesagt worden ist vom Seelenleben, wie es sich zeigt in seiner dreifachen Polarität des Intellektuellen, des Ästhetischen und des Moralischen, das von oben nach unten, vom Gehirn nach dem Herzen zu strömt, auf der anderen Seite aber kommen wir zu der ganzen Bedeutung des Gesagten, wenn wir nun die entsprechende Erscheinung im Makrokosmos uns vor Augen führen. Diese entsprechende Erscheinung, sie ist heute so zu schildern, wie sie als Ergebnis vorliegt gerade durch die sorgfältigsten okkulten Forschungen der letzten Jahre, unternommen in den geistigen Untersuchungen einzelner der wahren, echten Rosenkreuzer. Dementsprechend ist dieses Makrokosmische zu schildern gegenüber dem Mikrokosmischen. Und da zeigt sich denn - Sie werden in Ihrem Verständnis der Sache immer näherkommen -, dass ein Ähnliches wie das, was jetzt gesagt worden ist für den Mikrokosmos, auch im Makrokosmos sich abspielt.

So wie in der Gegend des menschlichen Herzens ein fortwährendes Verwandeln des Blutes in Äthersubstanz. stattfindet, so findet ein ähnlicher Vorgang im Makrokosmos statt. Wir verstehen dieses, wenn wir unser Auge hinwenden auf das Mysterium von Golgatha und auf jenen Augenblick, in dem das Blut des Christus Jesus geflossen ist aus den Wunden. Dieses Blut darf nicht nur als chemische Substanz betrachtet werden, sondern es ist durch alles das, was geschildert worden ist als die Natur des Jesus von Nazareth, etwas ganz Besonderes. Und indem es ausfloss und hineinströmte in die Erde, ist unserer Erde eine Substanz gegeben worden, die, indem sie sich mit der Erde verband, ein Ereignis war, das ein bedeutendstes ist für alle Folgezeiten der Erde und das auch nur einmal auftreten konnte. Was geschah mit diesem Blut in den folgenden Zeiten? Nichts anderes, als was sonst im Herzen des Menschen geschieht. Dieses Blut machte im Verlaufe der Erdenevolution einen Ätherisierungsprozess durch. Und wie unser Blut als Äther vom Herzen nach oben strömt, so lebt im Erdenäther seit dem Mysterium von Golgatha das ätherisierte Blut des Christus Jesus. Der Ätherleib der Erde ist durchsetzt von dem, was aus dem Blute geworden ist, das auf Golgatha geflossen ist; und das ist wichtig. Wäre das nicht geschehen, was durch den Christus Jesus geschehen ist, dann wäre nur das mit den Menschen auf der Erde der Fall, was vorher geschildert worden ist. So aber ist seit dem Mysterium von Golgatha eine fortwährende Möglichkeit vorhanden, dass in diesen Strömungen von unten nach oben die Wirkung des ätherischen Blutes des Christus mitströmt.

Dadurch, dass in dem Erden-Ätherleib das ätherische Blut des Jesus von Nazareth ist, strömt mit dem von unten nach oben, vom Herzen nach dem Gehirn strömenden ätherisierten Menschenblute dasjenige, was das ätherisierte Blut dieses Jesus von Nazareth ist, sodass nicht nur das zusammentrifft im Menschen, was früher geschildert worden ist, sondern es trifft zusammen die eigentliche menschliche Blutströomung und die Blutströmung des Christus Jesus. Aber eine Verbindung dieser beiden Strömungen kommt nur zustande, wenn der Mensch das richtige Verständnis entgegenbringt dem, was im Christus-Impuls enthalten ist. Sonst kann keine Verbindung zustande kommen, sonst stoßen sich die beiden Strömungen gegenseitig ab, prallen ebenso wieder auseinander, wie sie zusammengeprallt sind. Verständnis können wir nur erwerben, wenn wir in jedem Zeitalter der Erdenentwicklung dieses Verständnis so uns aneignen, wie es angepasst ist in diesem Zeitalter. In der Zeit, als der Christus Jesus auf Erden lebte, da konnten der bevorstehenden Tatsache das richtige Verständnis entgegenbringen jene, die zu seinem Vorläufer Johannes kamen und sich taufen ließen durch die Formel, die im Evangelium ausgedrückt ist. Sie empfingen die Taufe, um die Sünde, das heißt das zu Ende gekommene Karma ihrer vorigen Leben zu ändern, und um zu erkennen, dass der wichtigste Impuls der Erdenentwicklung nunmehr in einen physischen Leib herabsteigen wird. Die Menschheitsentwicklung aber schreitet weiter, und für unsere heutige Zeit ist es wichtig, dass der Mensch einsehen lernt, dass er die theosophische Erkenntnis aufnehmen muss und allmählich das, was vom Herzen zum Gehirn strömt, so befeuert, dass es der Theosophie Verständnis entgegenbringt. Die Folge wird sein, dass er das entgegennehmen kann, was vom zwanzigsten Jahrhundert an beginnt einzugreifen: Das ist gegenüber dem physischen Christus von Palästina der ätherische Christus.

Denn an jenem Zeitpunkt sind wir angelangt, wo der ätherische Christus in das Erdenleben eingreift und zunächst einer kleinen Anzahl von Menschen sichtbar wird wie in einem natürlichen Hellsehen. Dann in den nächsten dreitausend Jahren wird er immer mehr Menschen sichtbar werden. Das muss kommen, das ist ein Naturereignis. Dass es kommt, ist ebenso wahr als im neunzehnten Jahrhundert die Errungenschaften der Elektrizität gekommen sind. Dass eine gewisse Anzahl von Menschen den Äther-Christus sehen wird, das Ereignis von Damaskus haben wird, ist wahr. Aber es wird sich darum handeln, dass die Menschen lernen, den Moment zu beachten, wo der Christus an sie herantritt. Es werden nur wenige Jahrzehnte vergehen, und für die Menschen besonders der jugendlichen Jahre wird der Fall eintreten - jetzt schon überall bereitet es sich vor: Irgendein Mensch kommt da oder dorthin, dieses oder jenes erlebt er. Wenn er nur wirklich das Auge durch Beschäftigung mit der Theosophie geschärft hätte, könnte er schon bemerken, dass plötzlich um ihn irgendjemand ist, kommt, um zu helfen, ihn auf dieses oder jenes aufmerksam zu machen: dass ihm der Christus gegenübertritt - er aber glaubt, irgendein physischer Mensch sei da. Aber daran wird er merken, dass es ein übersinnliches Wesen ist, dass es sogleich verschwindet. Gar mancher wird erleben, wenn er gedrückten Herzens, leidbelastet, still in seinem Zimmer sitzt und nicht aus noch ein weiß, dass die Tür geöffnet wird: Der ätherische Christus wird erscheinen und wird Trostesworte zu ihm sprechen. Ein lebendiger Trostbringer wird der Christus für die Menschen werden! Mag es auch heute noch grotesk erscheinen, aber wahr ist es doch, dass manchmal, wenn die Menschen zusammensitzen, nicht ein noch aus wissen, und auch wenn größere Menschenmengen zusammensitzen und warten: dass sie dann den ätherischen Christus sehen werden! Da wird er selber sein, wird beratschlagen, wird sein Wort auch in Versammlungen hineinwerfen. Diesen Zeiten gehen wir durchaus entgegen. Das ist das Positive, dasjenige, was als positives aufbauendes Element in die Menschheitsentwicklung eingreifen wird.

Kein Wort soll gegen die großen Kulturfortschritte unserer Zeit gesagt werden, sie sind notwendig zum Heil und zur Befreiung der Menschen. Aber nehmet alles, was Ihr nehmen könnt an äußeren Fortschritten in der Beherrschung der Naturkräfte, es ist nicht einmal als etwas Kleines und Unbedeutendes zu vergleichen gegenüber dem, was dem Menschen gegeben wird, der in seiner Seele das Erwachen durch den Christus erleben wird, der jetzt in die Menschheitskultur und in ihre Angelegenheiten eingreifen wird. Was dadurch den Menschen dann erwachsen wird, das sind zusammensetzende, positive Kräfte. Der Christus bringt aufbauende Kräfte in die Menschheitskultur.

Ja, wenn wir die ersten nachatlantischen Zeiten nehmen würden, so würden wir sehen, dass die Menschen da ihre Wohnungen auf andere Weise gebaut haben als heute. Da haben sie allerlei benützt, was gewachsen ist, dem sie nur nachhalfen. Selbst Paläste haben sie so gebaut, indem sie nachgeholfen haben der Natur, die Zweige und die Pflanzen miteinander verschlungen haben und so weiter. Heute müssen die Menschen aus den Trümmern bauen. Wir machen alle Kultur der Außenwelt aus den Zertrüämmerungsprodukten. Und im Laufe der nächsten Jahre werden Sie noch besser verstehen, wie verschiedenes anderes in unserer Kultur Zerstörungsprodukt ist.

Das Licht zerstört sich innerhalb unseres nachatlantischen Erdenprozesses. Bis in die Atlantis hinein war der Erdenprozess ein fortschreitender, seither ist er ein zerfallender. Was ist das Licht? Es zerfällt, und das zerfallende Licht ist Elektrizität. Was wir als Elektrizität kennen, das ist Licht, das sich selber zerstört innerhalb der Materie. Und die chemische Kraft, die innerhalb der Erdenentwicklung eine Umwandlung erfährt, ist Magnetismus. Und noch eine dritte Kraft wird auftreten. Und wenn den Menschen heute schon Wunder wirkend die Elektrizität erscheint, so wird diese dritte Kraft in noch viel wunderbarerer Weise die Kultur beeinflussen. Und je mehr wir von dieser Kraft anwenden, desto eher wird die Erde zu einem Leichnam werden, damit das, was das Geistige der Erde ist, sich hinüberwirken kann zum Jupiter. Die Kräfte müssen angewandt werden, um die Erde zu zerstören, damit der Mensch frei wird von der Erde und damit der Erdenleib abfallen kann. Solange die Erde im fortschreitenden Prozess war, hat man dies nicht gemacht, weil nur die zerfallende Erde die große Kulturerrungenschaft der Elektrizität gebrauchen kann. So sonderbar dies gegenwärtig auch klingt, aber es muss nach und nach ausgesprochen werden. Wir müssen den Entwicklungsprozess verstehen, die Menschen werden dadurch lernen, unsere Kultur in richtiger Weise zu bewerten. Wir werden dadurch lernen, dass es notwendig ist, die Erde zu zerstören, sonst wird der Geist nicht frei. Aber man wird auch lernen, das Positive zu schätzen: das Hereindringen der geistigen Kräfte in unser Erdendasein.

So sehen wir schon den großen, gewaltigen Fortschritt darin, dass der Christus notwendig hatte, durch die drei Jahre in einem gut zubereiteten Menschenleib zu wandeln, damit er sichtbar werden konnte den sinnlichen Augen. Durch das, was da während dieser drei Jahre geschehen ist, sind die Menschen reif geworden, denjenigen Christus zu sehen, der herumgehen wird im ätherischen Leibe, der ebenso real und wirklich eingreifen wird in das Erdenleben wie der physische Christus zur Zeit der palästinensischen Wirklichkeit. Die Menschen werden wissen, wenn sie nicht mit unklaren Sinnen solche Sachen betrachten, dass sie es mit dem ätherischen Leibe zu tun haben, der innerhalb der physischen Welt herumwandeln wird, aber sie werden wissen, dass dies der einzige ätherische Leib ist, der wirken kann in der physischen Welt, wie sonst ein physischer Menschenleib wirkt. Er wird sich von einem physischen Leib nur dadurch unterscheiden, dass er sozusagen an zwei, drei, ja an hundert und an tausend Orten zu gleicher Zeit sein kann, was nur einer ätherischen, nicht aber einer physischen Gestalt möglich ist. Dasjenige, was durch diesen Fortschritt der Menschheit bewirkt wird, ist, dass die zwei Pole, die ich vorhin erwähnt habe, der intellektuelle und der moralische Pol immer mehr eins werden, zu einer Einheit verschmelzen. Das werden sie dadurch, dass die Menschen immer mehr lernen werden im Verlaufe der nächsten Jahrtausende, den ätherischen Christus in der Welt zu betrachten. Sie werden immer mehr durchdrungen werden auch bei Tag von der direkten Wirkung des Guten in den geistigen Welten. Während jetzt der Wille bei Tag schläft und der Mensch im Grunde genommen nur indirekt durch Vorstellung wirken kann, wird es im Verlauf der nächsten Jahrtausende immer mehr geschehen, dass durch dasjenige, was von unseren Tagen an hereinwirkt und dem der Christus vorsteht, des Menschen Wirken auch im Tageszustand direkt verbessert werden kann.

Wovon Sokrates geträumt hat, dass die Tugend lehrbar sei, wird wirklich eintreten. Und immer mehr und mehr wird auf Erden die Möglichkeit vorhanden sein, dass nicht nur unser Intellekt durch die Lehren angeregt, angespornt wird, sondern dass durch diese Lehren auch moralische Impulse verbreitet werden. Schopenhauer hat gesagt: Moral predigen ist leicht, Moral begründen sei sehr schwierig. - Warum ist das so? Weil man mit dem Predigen noch keine Moral wirklich verbreitet hat. Man kann ganz gut Moralgrundsätze einsehen und sie nicht halten. Für die meisten Menschen gilt das Christus-Wort: Der Geist ist willig, das Fleisch aber ist schwach. — Das ändert sich dadurch, dass das moralische Feuer ausströmt von dieser Christus-Gestalt. Dadurch aber tritt für die Erde immer mehr das ein, dass der Mensch die Notwendigkeit des Moralischen und seiner Impulse einsieht. Und dadurch wandelt er die Erde um, insofern der Mensch immer mehr fühlen wird, dass das Moralische zur Erde gehört. Und in Zukunft werden nur jene Menschen unmoralisch sein können, die im Unmoralischen Hilfe bekommen, die von bösen Dämonen, von ahrimanischen, asurischen Mächten besessen werden und diese Besessenheit erstreben. Das ist der Zukunftszustand der Erde: dass eine genügende Anzahl von Menschen da sein wird, welche immer mehr das Moralische lehren und zu gleicher Zeit Begründung der Moral geben werden; aber auch dass solche, welche aus ihrem freien Willen heraus es wollen, sich den bösen Mächten hingeben werden und gegenüber den guten Menschen ein Heer des Bösen bilden werden. Dazu wird niemand gezwungen werden, es wird eines jeden freier Wille sein.

Dann kommt jene Zeit über die Erde, wo das eintritt, was wie so vieles eigentlich nur in den grandiosen Definitionen von orientalischem Okkultismus, orientalischer Mystik enthalten ist, wo diese moralische Atmosphäre bis zu einem hohen Grade zugenommen haben wird. Von diesem Zeitpunkt spricht die orientalische Mystik seit vielen Jahrtausenden. Und namentlich stark spricht sie seit dem Auftreten des Buddha von jenem Zukunftsstandpunkt, wo die Erde getaucht sein wird in eine moralische Äther-Atmosphäre. Und wie eine große Zukunftshoffnung stand es immer schon seit der Zeit der alten Rishis vor der orientalischen Mystik, dass der Erde dieser Impuls kommen wird und dass er ein Wesensteil sein wird von Vishva-Karman, oder wie Zarathustra sagte, von Ahura Mazdao. So stand es jener Mystik bereits vor Augen, dass von der Wesenheit, die wir den Christus nennen, dieser moralische Impuls, diese moralische Erden-Atmosphäre ausgehen wird, und auf ihn, den Christus, setzte diese orientalische Mystik ihre Hoffnung.

Die Mittel der orientalischen Mystik reichten nicht aus, um sich dies vorzustellen, aber was als Gefolgschaft dieses Ereignisses auftritt, das konnten sie sich vorstellen. Sie konnten sich vorstellen, dass die in das Feuer, das Licht der Sonne eingetauchten reinen AkashaGestalten innerhalb von fünftausend Jahren nach der Erleuchtung des großen Buddha als die Gefolgschaft dessen kommen werden, der durch morgenländische Mystik allein nicht zu erkennen ist. Eine wunderbare Vorstellung fürwahr: Es wird etwas kommen, was möglich machen wird, dass durch eine geläuterte moralische Atmosphäre der Erde die Licht- und Feuersöhne nicht in physisch verkörperter Gestalt, sondern als reine Akasha-Gestalten innerhalb der moralischen Atmosphäre der Erde herumwandeln werden. Dann wird aber auch der Lehrer da sein, fünftausend Jahre nach der Erleuchtung des Gautama Buddha, der die Menschen lehrt, was das für wunderbare Gestalten sind, diese reinen Feuer- und Lichtgestalten. Dieser Lehrer, das wird der Maitreya-Buddha sein, der dreitausend Jahre nach unserer Zeit auftreten wird, der den Menschen den Christus-Impuls wird lehren können.

So vereinigt sich orientalische Mystik mit dem christlichen Wissen des Abendlandes zu einer schönen, wunderbaren Einheit. Und klar gemacht wird auch, dass derjenige, der dreitausend Jahre nach unserer Zeit als der Maitreya-Buddha erscheinen wird, immer wieder als der Bodhisattva, als der Nachfolger des Gautama Buddha verkörpert auf der Erde erscheint. Eine seiner Verkörperungen war die des hundert Jahre vor Beginn unserer Zeitrechnung lebenden Jeshu ben Pandira. Dieser in Jeshu ben Pandira Verkörperte ist derselbe, der einstmals der Maitreya-Buddha sein wird und der von Jahrhundert zu Jahrhundert immer wieder in einem fleischlichen Leibe erscheint, und zwar noch nicht selber als Buddha, sondern als Bodhisattva. Auch in unserem Zeitalter gehen von diesem, der einstmals — nicht jetzt, sondern einstmals - der Maitreya-Buddha werden wird, die bedeutendsten Lehren über die Christus-Wesenheit und über die Feuersöhne der Inder - die Agnishvattas - aus.

Dasjenige, woran der Mensch erkennen kann den, der einstmals der Maitreya-Buddha werden wird, ist aller wahren morgenländischen Mystik und christlichem Wissen wiederum gemeinsam. Erkennen kann man denjenigen, der einstmals der Maitreya-Buddha sein wird, der im Gegensatz zu den Feuersöhnen im physischen Leibe als Bodhisattva erscheinen wird, daran, dass er zunächst in seiner Jugend heranwächst so, dass kein Mensch ahnen kann, was für eine Individualität in ihm ist. Immer wird es so sein, dass diejenigen, die es verstehen, an einem solchen Menschen erst zwischen dem dreißigsten und dreiunddreißigsten Jahre erkennen, dass in ihm ein Bodhisattva ist. Da tritt etwas ein wie eine Umwechslung der Persönlichkeit. Und der Maitreya-Buddha wird selber gerade im dreiunddreißigsten Jahre seines Lebens sich der Menschheit zu erkennen geben. Wie der Christus Jesus im dreißigsten Jahre seines Lebens sein Werk begann, so geben sich die Bodhisattvas, die weiterhin den Christus verkündigen werden, im dreiunddreißigsten Jahre ihres Lebens zu erkennen. Und der Maitreya-Buddha selber, der mit großen, gewaltigen Worten, von denen heute noch keine Vorstellung gegeben werden kann, als umgewandelter Bodhisattva von den großen Geheimnissen des Daseins verkünden wird, er wird sprechen in einer Sprache, die erst geschaffen werden muss, denn heute könnte kein Mensch die Worte finden, mit denen einstmals der Maitreya-Buddha zu den Menschen sprechen wird. Aus dem Grunde kann noch nicht so zu den Menschen gesprochen werden, weil es noch nicht das physische Werkzeug dazu gibt. Die Lehren des Erleuchteten werden nicht bloß Lehren sein, sondern sie werden moralische Impulse in die Menschenscelen einströmen. Solche Worte können noch nicht von einem physischen Kehlkopf ausgesprochen werden. Sie können jetzt nur in den geistigen Welten da sein.

Theosophie ist die Vorbereitung zu alledem, was in der Zukunft kommen wird. Jene, die es mit der Menschheitsentwicklung ernst nehmen, die wollen, dass die Seelenentwicklung nicht versumpfe, sondern so weiter schreite, dass die Erde nun wirklich in ihrem geistigen Teil frei werden kann, dass sie den gröberen Teil wie einen Leichnam abfallen lassen kann - denn es könnten Menschen das ganze Werk verpfuschen -, diejenigen, die wollen, dass das Weltenwerk gelinge, sollen sich Verständnis des spirituellen Lebens erwerben durch das, was wir heute Theosophie nennen. So wird Theosophie zur Pflicht, Erkenntnis wird etwas, was wir empfinden, etwas, demgegenüber wir Verantwortung haben. Und wenn wir so empfinden und wollen lernen, wenn wir aus diesen Weltengeheimnissen heraus so empfinden, dass wir Theosophen sein wollen, dann empfinden wir richtig. Dann aber auch darf Theosophie nicht für uns etwas sein, was unsere Neugierde befriedigt, sondern sie soll etwas werden, ohne das wir nicht leben können. Erst wenn das der Fall ist, empfinden wir im richtigen Sinne, dann erst leben wir als lebendige Bausteine innerhalb jenes großen Baues, der aufgeführt werden soll in den Seelen der Menschen und der sich über die Menschen breiten kann.

So ist die Theosophie die Eröffnung gegenüber den wahren Welterscheinungen, wie sie herantreten an den Menschen der Zukunft, an unsere eigenen Seelen, ob wir noch im physischen Leibe oder schon zwischen Tod und neuer Geburt sein werden. Diese Umwälzung wird uns berühren, ob wir noch im Leibe wandeln oder ob wir den physischen Leib abgelegt haben werden. Nur dass die Menschen sich schon hier auf dem Erdenrund im physischen Leibe Verständnis aneignen müssen für diese Ereignisse, wenn sie berührt werden sollen zwischen Tod und neuer Geburt von dem, was da geschieht. Für jene, die sich jetzt im physischen Leibe Verständnis für den Christus aneignen, für jene ist es einerlei, ob sie noch leben werden, wenn der Moment heranrückt, den Christus zu schauen, oder ob sie dann bereits durch die Pforte des Todes geschritten sein werden. Diejenigen aber, die jetzt ablehnen das Verständnis des Christus, die müssen, wenn sie zur Zeit des Eintretens dieses Ereignisses bereits durch die Pforte des Todes geschritten sind, warten bis zur nächsten Verkörperung, denn die Grundlage kann nicht erworben werden zwischen Tod und Geburt. Wenn die Grundlage aber einmal erworben ist, setzt sie sich fort, dann ist der Christus auch schaubar zwischen Tod und neuer Geburt. So wird uns Theosophie nicht nur etwas, was wir lernen für das physische Leben, sondern was auch Wert hat, wenn wir den physischen Leib im Tode abgelegt haben werden.

Das wollte ich heute geben zum Verständnis des Menschen und als Handhabe zur Beantwortung mancher Fragen. Selbsterkenntnis ist schwierig, weil der Mensch ein so kompliziertes Wesen ist. Dadurch ist der Mensch so kompliziert, dass er mit allen höheren Welten und Wesen zusammenhängt. Was in uns ist, das sind Schattenbilder der großen Welt, und was unsere Organisation ist, unser physischer, Äther- und Astralleib und unser Ich, was so unsere Glieder bedeutet, das sind für die göttlichen Wesen Welten. Was bei uns physischer, Äther-, Astralleib und Ich ist, das ist die eine Welt, die andere Welt ist die höhere, die Himmelswelt. Für die göttlich-geistigen Wesen der höheren Welten sind die Leibesglieder hohe göttlich-geistige Welten. Deshalb ist der Mensch etwas so Kompliziertes, weil er ein wirkliches Spiegelbild der geistigen Welt ist. Das soll ihn zum Bewusstsein seiner Menschenwürde bringen. Aber aus jener Erkenntnis, dass wir zwar ein Bild sind, dass wir aber noch sehr fernestehen dem, was wir sein sollen, auf dem Umwege dieser Erkenntnis eignen wir uns an neben der Menschenwürde auch die rechte Bescheidenheit und Demut gegenüber dem Makrokosmos und seinen Göttern.

Aus der an den Vortrag sich anschließenden Fragenbeantwortung

Frage: Wie ist das Wort «mit Zungen reden» beim Apostel Paulus zu verstehen?

Antwort: Bei Ausnahmemenschen kann es vorkommen, dass nicht nur das Phänomen des Sprechens im Wachzustande allein da ist, sondern es geht etwas in dieses Sprechen, was sonst nur im Schlafbewusstsein da ist. Das ist das Phänomen, von dem Paulus spricht. Goethe spricht darüber von demselben Standpunkte aus. Er hat eine sehr schöne Abhandlung über dieses Phänomen geschrieben.

Frage: Wie wird man die Trostworte des Christus verstehen?

Antwort: Die Menschen werden wie durch ihr eigenes Herz diese Trostworte fühlen. Es kann sich auch wie ein physisches Hören ausnehmen.

Frage: Was sind chemische Kräfte und Stoffe im Verhältnis zur geistigen Welt?

Antwort: In der Welt sind eine Anzahl Substanzen, die verbindbar und trennbar sind. Was wir Chemismus nennen, ist hineinprojiziert in die physische Welt aus der Welt des Devachan, der Sphärenharmonie. Sodass in der Verbindung zweier Stoffe nach ihren Atomgewichten wir die Abschattung haben zweier Töne der Sphärenharmonie. Die chemische Verwandtschaft zweier Stoffe in der physischen Welt ist eine Abschattung aus der Welt der Sphärenharmonie. Die Zahlenverhältnisse der Chemie sind wirklich die Ausdrücke für die Zahlenverhältnisse der Sphärenharmonie. Diese Letztere ist stumm geworden durch die Verdichtung der Materie. Würde man die Stoffe tatsächlich bis zur ätherischen Verdünnung bringen und die Atomzahlen als innerlich formendes Prinzip wahrnehmen können, so würde man die Sphärenharmonie hören. Man hat die physische, die astralische Welt, das untere Devachan und das obere Devachan. Wenn man nun einen Körper noch weiter hinunterdrückt als zur physischen Welt, dann kommt man in die unterphysische Welt, in die unterastralische Welt, das untere oder schlechte Unterdevachan und das untere oder schlechte Oberdevachan. Die schlechte Astralwelt ist das Gebiet des Luzifer, das schlechte untere Devachan ist das Gebiet des Ahriman und das schlechte obere Devachan ist das Gebiet der Asuras. Wenn man den Chemismus noch weiter hinunterstößt als unter den physischen Plan, in die schlechte untere devachanische Welt, entsteht Magnetismus, und wenn man das Licht ins Untermaterielle stößt, also um eine Stufe tiefer als die materielle Welt, entsteht die Elektrizität. Wenn wir das, was lebt in der Sphärenharmonie, noch weiter hinabstoßen bis zu den Asuras, dann gibt es eine noch furchtbarere Kraft, die nicht mehr lange wird geheim gehalten werden können. Man muss nur wünschen, dass wenn diese Kraft kommt, die wir uns viel, viel stärker vorstellen müssen als die stärksten elektrischen Entladungen, und die jedenfalls kommen wird- dann muss man wünschen, dass, bevor diese Kraft der Menschheit durch einen Erfinder gegeben wird, die Menschen nichts Unmoralisches mehr an sich haben werden!

Frage: Was ist Elektrizität?

Antwort: Elektrizität ist Licht in untermateriellem Zustand. Da ist das Licht in der schwersten Weise zusammengepresst. Dem Licht muss man auch Innerlichkeit zusprechen, es ist in jedem Punkte es selbst. Wärme kann sich in drei Richtungen des Raumes ausdehnen, beim Licht müssen wir von einer vierten sprechen: Es ist vierfach ausgedehnt; es hat Innerlichkeit als Viertes.

Frage: Was geschieht mit dem Erdenleichnam?

Antwort: Wir haben als Rest der Mondenentwicklung unsern Mond, der die Erde umkreist. Ebenso wird für die Erde ein Rest sein, der den Jupiter umkreisen wird. Dann lösen sich die Reste allmählich auf zum allgemeinen Weltenäther. Auf der Venus wird ein Rest nicht mehr sein. Sie erscheint zunächst als reine Wärme, wird dann Licht und geht wiederum in die geistige Welt hinein. Für die Erde wird der Rest zum Leichnam. Aber das ist ein Weg, der von dem Menschen nicht mitgemacht werden darf, da er furchtbaren Qualen dadurch ausgesetzt sein würde. Aber es gehen wohl Wesen mit diesem Leichnam mit, da sie sich selber höher entwickeln werden dadurch. Zur Fragenbeantwortung

Es spiegeln sich als unterphysische Welt

die Astralwelt: das Gebiet des Luzifer

unteres Devachan: das Gebiet des Ahriman

oberes Devachan: das Gebiet der Asuras

Lebensäther => unterphysische oberes Devachan furchtbare Vernichtungskräfte

chemischer Äther => unterphysische niederes Devachan Magnetismus

Lichtäther => unterphysische Astralwelt Elektrizität

The etherization of the blood. The intervention of the etheric Christ in the development of the earth

Self-knowledge has been demanded of our souls throughout all ages in which people have sought knowledge, whether mystically, realistically, or in any other way. However, as has already been emphasized repeatedly on other occasions, this self-knowledge of the human soul is by no means as easy as many, even among theosophists, still imagine. And the difficulties of human self-knowledge are something that theosophists should always keep in mind, because, on the other hand, this self-knowledge is the most necessary thing if we want to achieve a humane goal in the world, a truly humane existence and way of acting.

Today we will first deal a little with the question of why self-knowledge must be difficult for human beings. Human beings are, after all, quite complicated beings, and when we speak of the human soul, the human inner life, we do not want to imagine this soul life, this inner life, as simple and elementary from the outset, but we want to have the patience and perseverance to penetrate deeper and deeper in order to gradually and truly understand this marvelous structure, this wonderful organization of the divine-spiritual world powers, as which human beings can appear. Two things strike us about the life of the human soul before we penetrate into the essence of cognition.

Just as a magnet has a north pole and a south pole, just as light and darkness appear in the external world as the main shades of light, so the soul also has two, one might say soul poles, of its existence. These two poles can appear to us when we consider human beings in two situations, two states of life. Such a situation would be given for the soul life, for example, if we see a person standing on the street, completely lost in the contemplation of a beautiful, noble, striking natural phenomenon. We see how he does not move a hand or a leg, how he hardly takes his eyes off the natural phenomenon or the object that has caught his attention and which he is observing, and we perceive that he is busy forming images in his mind of what he sees before him. We say: he is lost in contemplation, he is imagining his surroundings. That would be the one situation we want to consider. Another situation would be the following: A person is walking down the street and feels insulted or hurt by another person. Without thinking much about it, his anger and annoyance get the better of him, and as an expression of his anger, he strikes the person who insulted him or does something similar. We perceive a manifestation of the forces that arise from anger and annoyance. We become aware of impulses of will, and we can well imagine that not many thoughts and ideas preceded this impulse, that the person concerned might not have swung his arm to strike, that he might have prevented the outburst of anger if he had thought about it more. We have two extreme actions before us: one that appears entirely as an idea, in which the conscious will is completely switched off, and the other in which the life of ideas is switched off and the person immediately proceeds to express an impulse of the will. These are the two things that represent the two extreme poles of the human soul. The impulsiveness of the will is one pole, and the other pole is the will-less devotion to contemplation, imagination, and thinking, while the will is silent. This is how we would have presented the facts in a completely exoteric way, purely by observing external life.

We can now go a little deeper, and we then come to those spheres in which we can only find our way around if we take occult research to our aid. Another polarity confronts us there, namely the polarity of waking and sleeping. We know what sleep and waking mean in an occult context. According to the elementary concepts of our theosophical knowledge, we know that in waking life the four members, the physical, etheric, astral, and I-beings, are organically intertwined and interact with each other, but that in sleep the physical and etheric bodies lie in bed, while the astral body and the I-being are poured out into the whole great world that immediately surrounds our physical existence. We could also treat these facts differently. We could ask ourselves how we actually perceive the world of life, how we imagine and think, and how our will and its impulses function when we are awake and when we are asleep.

Now, if we go deeper, we see that in a special sense, human beings in their present physical existence are actually always asleep. They only sleep differently at night than during the day. You can visualize this purely externally, since you know that during the day it is possible to awaken occultly, to become clairvoyant, to see into the spiritual world. The ordinary physical body is asleep in relation to this view, and one can say that it is an awakening when human beings learn to use their spiritual senses. And with regard to nighttime sleep, it is clear that human beings are asleep. So one can say that ordinary sleep is sleep in relation to the outer physical world, and daytime consciousness is currently sleep in relation to the spiritual world.

We can visualize these facts in a completely different way. If we go deeper, we realize that in the ordinary waking state of their physical life, human beings generally have very little control over their will. The will is something that is very much removed from everyday life. If you consider carefully what we call the human will, you will see how little control human beings have over their impulses during their daily lives. Consider how little of what you do from morning to evening really comes from your own thinking and imagination, from personal, individual decisions. If someone knocks on the door and you say, “Come in,” you cannot call this a real decision of your own thinking and will. When you are hungry and sit down at the table, you cannot possibly say that this is a decision of your will, because it is caused by your organism, by your condition. Try now to keep your daily life before your eyes, and you will see how little the will is directly influenced by the human center. What is the cause of this? This is taught by occultism, which shows that in relation to the will, man is in fact asleep during the day, that is, he does not live in his impulses of will at all. We can arrive at ever better concepts and ideas, become more moral, more tasteful people, if you like, but in relation to the will we can do nothing at all. If we entertain better thoughts, we can indirectly influence the will, but in terms of the will, we cannot do anything directly in relation to life, because our will is only directly influenced by our everyday life in a roundabout way, through sleep. You do not think when you sleep; you have no ideas: imagining and thinking are what pass into sleep. The will, on the other hand, is awake and permeates our organism from outside and animates it. That is why we feel stronger in the morning, because what enters our organism is of a volitional nature. That we do not perceive this work of the will, that we know nothing about it, may seem quite credible to us when we consider that our imagination sleeps when we sleep. Therefore, we would first like to offer some food for further reflection and meditation. You will see that the further you progress in self-knowledge, the more you will find this statement to be true: Man sleeps in relation to his will when he is awake, and he sleeps in relation to his imagination when he is asleep. During the day, the will sleeps; at night, the life of imagination sleeps.

If people are not aware that the will does not sleep at night, this is because they only know how to be awake in their life of imagination. The will does not sleep at night, but works as if in its true fiery element, working on the body to restore what has been consumed during the day.

There are therefore two poles in human beings, the impulses of the will and the life of observation or imagination, and human beings behave in completely opposite ways to these two poles. But these are only two poles. The whole soul life lies in various nuances between these two poles, and we will now approach this soul life a little more closely by trying to relate this soul life, the microcosmic soul life, to what we recognize as the higher worlds. We have seen from what has been said that one pole of our soul life is the life of imagination.

This life of imagination is something that appears unreal to the external, materialistic thinking human being. How often do we hear people say: “Ah, ideas and thoughts are just ideas and thoughts!” They want to point out that when you pick up a piece of bread or meat, it is a reality, but a thought is only a thought. People think that thoughts cannot be eaten, and therefore they are not real, they are “only” thoughts. But why are they only thoughts? Because what humans call their thoughts are to what thoughts actually are as a shadow image is to the thing itself. If you have a flower and you look at its shadow image, the shadow image points to the flower, to reality. It is the same with thoughts. Human thinking is the shadow image of ideas and beings that exist in a higher world: in what is called the astral plane. And you can imagine thinking correctly if you imagine the human head here—it is not entirely correct, but it is a schematic drawing. In this head are the thoughts, which I will represent here with lines. But we imagine these thoughts, which are in the head, as living beings — here on the astral plane. There, the most diverse beings are at work, there is a swarm of ideas and actions that cast their shadow images into human beings, and these processes are reflected in the human head as thinking. It is a correct idea to think that streams are constantly flowing from your head into the astral plane, and these are the shadows that convey the thought life in your head. (See diagram on page 93.)

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In addition to what we can call the life of the thoughts, there is another life for the human soul. In ordinary life, a distinction is made—not entirely accurately, but I will mention it so that you can get an idea of it from ordinary life—between the life of the thoughts and the life of the feelings. Among feelings, we distinguish between those of pleasure, sympathetic feelings, and those of displeasure, unsympathetic feelings. The former arise in acts of justice and benevolence, while antipathy arises in acts of malice and injustice. This is more than mere imagination; it is something else. We also imagine things that are indifferent to us. But we only have these emotional experiences of sympathy and antipathy toward what is beautiful and good or toward what is ugly and bad. Just as everything that takes place in human beings as thoughts points to the astral plane, so everything connected with sympathy and antipathy points to what we call the lower devachan. And in the same way, I could now draw the lines that I previously drew up to the astral world in these ideas up into the devachan or the heavenly world. Within us, preferably in our chest, processes from the heavenly world or the Devachan take place as feelings of sympathy and antipathy for the beautiful and the ugly, the good and the bad or evil, so that we carry within our soul what we can call our feelings toward the moral-aesthetic world, the shadows of the lower Devachan, the heavenly world.

Then there is a third aspect of human soul life that we must distinguish clearly from a mere preference for benevolent actions. There is a difference between standing by and seeing a beautiful, benevolent action and taking pleasure in it, and putting one's will into action in order to perform a benevolent action oneself. I would like to call the pleasure we derive from good, beautiful actions and the displeasure we feel at evil, ugly actions the aesthetic element, and the moral element that drives people to act well. The moral stands higher than the merely aesthetic; mere pleasure or displeasure stands lower than the urge to do good or evil. Insofar as our soul feels compelled, insofar as it feels moral impulses, these impulses are the shadow images of the higher Devachan, the upper heavenly world.

We can well imagine that these three soul activities, which are superimposed on each other in stages, the purely intellectual activities of thinking, imagining, and contemplating, the aesthetic activity of liking and disliking, and the moral activity in the impulses toward good and evil, that these three separate experiences of the human soul are microcosmic images of what is superimposed in the three worlds in the great world outside in the macrocosm: the astral world, which is reflected as the world of thoughts, the intellectual world; the devachanic world, which is shadowed as the aesthetic world of pleasure and displeasure; the higher devachanic world, which is shadowed as morality.

Thoughts: shadow images of beings from the astral plane (waking state)

Sympathy and antipathy: shadow images of beings from the lower devachan (dreaming)

Moral impulses: shadow images of beings from the higher devachan (sleeping)

If we connect what we have just said with what was said earlier about the two poles of the human soul, we must perceive the intellectual as one pole, the pole that predominantly dominates our waking life, where we are awake in relation to intellectual life. During the day, human beings are awake in relation to their intellect; during sleep, they are awake in relation to their will. But because he then sleeps in relation to his intellect, he is not aware of what he is doing with his will. However, what we call moral principles and impulses indirectly influence the will. And indeed, human beings need sleep so that the moral impulses they absorb through their thinking life can really become effective. It is true that, as humans are today in their ordinary lives, they are only capable of doing what is right on the intellectual plane; they are less capable on the moral plane, where we are dependent on help from the macrocosm.

What is within us can take us a step further in our intellectuality, but in the process of becoming morally better, the gods must come to our aid. That is why we sink into sleep, so that we can immerse ourselves in the divine will, where we are not present with our powerless intellect and where divine forces transform what we take in as moral principles into the power of the will, where they instill into our will what we can otherwise only take into our thoughts.

Between these two poles, the pole of the will, which is awake at night, and the pole of the intellect, which is awake during the day, lies the aesthetic circle that is always present in human beings. For during the day, human beings are not fully awake. Only the most sober, philistine people are always awake when they are awake. Basically, people need to dream a little during the day as well; they need to be able to dream while they are awake, to indulge in art, poetry, or other activities that are not solely focused on the crude realities of life. Those who allow themselves to do so create a bond that can have a very refreshing and invigorating effect on their entire existence. To give oneself over to such thoughts is, in a sense, what penetrates waking life like a dream. And in sleep, as you know, dreams enter; these are the real dreams that penetrate the rest of our consciousness while we sleep. This is something that all people need who do not want to lead a sober, dry, unhealthy daily life. And dreaming comes anyway at night; there is no need to justify it. This is the middle ground that lies between the two poles: nighttime and daytime dreaming, which can live in the imagination.

So here too we have a threefold aspect in the soul: the intellectual, through which we are truly awake and carry the shadow images of the astral plane within us when we give ourselves over to our thoughts during the day, so that the most fruitful ideas of everyday life and the great inventions emerge. And during sleep, when we dream, when these dreams play into our sleep life, then it is so that the images of the lower heavenly world or of Devachan cast their shadows within us. And when we work in our sleep and impress morality upon our will—which we cannot perceive directly, but only in its effects—then, when we are able to instill this influence of the divine-spiritual powers into our thinking during the night, the impulses we perceive are the shadows from the upper Devachan, the upper heavenly world. These are the moral impulses and feelings that live within us and tell us: Ultimately, human life is justified only by our placing our thoughts in the service of goodness and beauty and allowing our intellectual activity to be permeated by the true, genuine heart's blood of divine-spiritual life, permeated by moral impulses.

What we present as human soul life, first through an external, exoteric observation and then through a somewhat more mystical observation of life, is the result of deeper occult research. And there we see what we have now described more externally in processes that clairvoyance can also perceive in human beings. When a person stands before us today in the waking state and the clairvoyant eye observes them, it becomes apparent that certain rays of light are constantly passing from the heart to the head. If we wanted to draw this schematically, we would have to draw the heart region here, and then show continuous streams flowing toward the brain and surrounding the organ described in anatomy as the pineal gland inside the head. Like rays of light, they flow from the heart up to the head and surround the pineal gland. These currents arise from the fact that human blood, which is a physical substance, a material, is constantly dissolving into etheric substance, so that in the region of the heart there is a continuous transition of blood into fine etheric substance, and this flows up to the head and plays around the pineal gland. This process, the etherization of the blood, is constantly evident in the waking human being. But it is different in the sleeping human being. If we had the brain here and the heart region here, the occult observer would perceive a continuous flow from outside, also from behind, into the heart. But these currents, which flow into the sleeping person from outside, from the world space, from the macrocosm into the interior of what lies there in bed as a physical and etheric body, are indeed something very remarkable when examined. These rays are quite different in different people. Sleeping people are quite different from one another, and if people who are still a little vain knew how badly they betray themselves to the occult eye when they fall asleep in public gatherings, they would prevent it because it seems treacherous.

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In fact, moral qualities are highly evident in the peculiar coloring of what flows into a person during sleep, so that a person with low moral principles has a completely different current than a person with high principles. It is useless to pretend during the day. One cannot pretend to be something one is not in the face of the higher world powers. The fact is that in someone who has only a very slight inclination toward immoral principles, brownish-red and all kinds of other reddish-brown rays flow in continuously. And purple-violet rays appear in those who have high moral ideals. At the moment of waking up or falling asleep, there is a kind of struggle in the area of the pineal gland between what flows from above to below and what flows from below to above. The intellectual element flows from below to above in the form of light effects in the waking person, and what is actually of a moral-aesthetic nature flows from above to below. And at the moment of waking up and falling asleep, the upward and downward currents meet, and then you can judge whether someone is particularly clever and has low principles, in which case a strong struggle takes place near the pineal gland, or whether they have good principles and their intellectuality flows towards you: Then a calm, glimmering light spreads around the pineal gland. At the moment of waking up or falling asleep, it is embedded in a small sea of light. And the fact that a calm glow surrounds the pineal gland at the moment of waking up and falling asleep reveals moral nobility. This is how a person's moral character is reflected. And this calm glow often extends far into the heart region. Thus, two currents are revealed in the human being, one from the macrocosm and the other from the microcosm.

We would only be able to appreciate the full significance of how these two currents meet in human beings if, on the one hand, we consider what has been said previously about the soul life in more external terms, as it manifests itself in its threefold polarity of the intellectual, the aesthetic, and the moral, flowing from above to below, from the brain to the heart, On the other hand, however, we arrive at the full meaning of what has been said when we consider the corresponding phenomenon in the macrocosm. This corresponding phenomenon can be described today as the result of the most careful occult research of recent years, undertaken in the spiritual investigations of individual true, genuine Rosicrucians. Accordingly, this macrocosmic phenomenon must be described in relation to the microcosmic phenomenon. And then it becomes apparent—and you will come closer and closer to understanding this—that something similar to what has now been said about the microcosm also takes place in the macrocosm.

Just as in the region of the human heart there is a constant transformation of blood into etheric substance, so a similar process takes place in the macrocosm. We understand this when we turn our gaze to the mystery of Golgotha and to that moment when the blood of Christ Jesus flowed from his wounds. This blood must not be regarded merely as a chemical substance, but is something very special because of everything that has been described as the nature of Jesus of Nazareth. And as it flowed out and poured into the earth, a substance was given to our earth which, by connecting with the earth, was an event that is of the greatest significance for all subsequent ages of the earth and which could only happen once. What happened to this blood in the following times? Nothing other than what usually happens in the human heart. This blood underwent a process of etherization in the course of Earth's evolution. And just as our blood flows upward from the heart as ether, so the etherized blood of Christ Jesus has been living in the Earth's ether since the Mystery of Golgotha. The etheric body of the Earth is permeated by what became of the blood that flowed on Golgotha, and that is important. If what happened through Christ Jesus had not happened, then only what has been described above would be the case for human beings on earth. But since the Mystery of Golgotha, there has been a constant possibility that the effect of the etheric blood of Christ flows along with these currents from below to above.

Because the etheric blood of Jesus of Nazareth is in the earth ether body, what is the etherized human blood flowing from below to above, from the heart to the brain, flows together with the etherized blood of this Jesus of Nazareth, so that it is not only what has been described earlier that comes together in the human being, but the actual human bloodstream and the bloodstream of Christ Jesus come together. But a connection between these two streams can only come about if human beings have the right understanding of what is contained in the Christ impulse. Otherwise, no connection can come about; otherwise, the two streams repel each other and collide just as they collided before. We can only gain understanding if we acquire this understanding in each age of Earth's development in a way that is appropriate to that age. At the time when Christ Jesus lived on Earth, those who came to his forerunner John and were baptized with the formula expressed in the Gospel were able to understand the impending fact correctly. They received baptism in order to change the sin, that is, the karma of their previous lives that had come to an end, and to recognize that the most important impulse of Earth's development would now descend into a physical body. But human development continues, and for our time it is important that human beings learn to understand that they must take in theosophical knowledge and gradually fire up what flows from the heart to the brain so that it is receptive to theosophy. The result will be that they will be able to receive what will begin to intervene from the twentieth century onwards: This is the etheric Christ, as opposed to the physical Christ of Palestine.

For we have now reached the point where the etheric Christ is intervening in earthly life and is becoming visible to a small number of people, as in natural clairvoyance. Then, over the next three thousand years, he will become visible to more and more people. This must come; it is a natural event. That it will come is as true as the achievements of electricity came in the nineteenth century. That a certain number of people will see the etheric Christ, will have the Damascus experience, is true. But it will be a matter of people learning to pay attention to the moment when Christ approaches them. Only a few decades will pass, and for people, especially those in their youth, the event will occur—it is already being prepared everywhere: someone will come here or there and experience this or that. If only they had really sharpened their eyes through study of Theosophy, they would already notice that suddenly someone is around them, coming to help them, to draw their attention to this or that: that Christ is standing before them—but they believe that it is just a physical human being. However, they will realize that it is a supersensible being because it disappears immediately. Many will experience, when they sit in their room with a heavy heart, burdened with suffering, not knowing what to do, that the door will open: the etheric Christ will appear and speak words of comfort to them. Christ will become a living comforter for human beings! It may still seem grotesque today, but it is true that sometimes, when people sit together, not knowing what to do, and even when large crowds sit together and wait, they will see the etheric Christ! He will be there himself, will deliberate, will speak his word even in assemblies. We are definitely moving toward these times. This is the positive, that which will intervene as a positive, constructive element in human development.

Not a word should be said against the great cultural advances of our time; they are necessary for the salvation and liberation of humanity. But take everything you can from external progress in the mastery of the forces of nature; it is not even comparable as something small and insignificant to what will be given to human beings who experience the awakening in their souls through Christ, who will now intervene in human culture and its affairs. What will then become mature in human beings are composite, positive forces. Christ brings constructive forces into human culture.

Yes, if we take the early post-Atlantean times, we would see that people built their dwellings differently than they do today. They used all kinds of things that grew, which they only helped along. They even built palaces by helping nature, intertwining branches and plants, and so on. Today, people have to build from ruins. We make all our external culture from the products of destruction. And in the course of the next few years, you will understand even better how various other things in our culture are products of destruction.

Light destroys itself within our post-Atlantean earth process. Until Atlantis, the Earth's process was progressive; since then, it has been one of decay. What is light? It decays, and decaying light is electricity. What we know as electricity is light that destroys itself within matter. And the chemical force that undergoes a transformation within the Earth's development is magnetism. And a third force will appear. And if electricity already seems miraculous to people today, this third force will influence culture in even more miraculous ways. And the more we use this force, the sooner the Earth will become a corpse, so that what is spiritual in the Earth can pass over to Jupiter. The forces must be used to destroy the Earth so that humans can become free from the Earth and the Earth's body can fall away. As long as the Earth was in the process of development, this was not done because only the decaying Earth can use the great cultural achievement of electricity. As strange as this may sound at present, it must be said little by little. We must understand the process of development; through this, people will learn to evaluate our culture in the right way. We will learn that it is necessary to destroy the earth, otherwise the spirit will not be free. But we will also learn to appreciate the positive: the penetration of spiritual forces into our earthly existence.

Thus we already see the great, tremendous progress in the fact that Christ needed to walk for three years in a well-prepared human body in order to become visible to the sensory eyes. Through what happened during those three years, people have become ready to see the Christ who will walk around in his etheric body, who will intervene in earthly life just as real and truly as the physical Christ did during his time in Palestine. People will know, if they do not look at such things with unclear senses, that they are dealing with the etheric body that will walk around within the physical world, but they will know that this is the only etheric body that can work in the physical world as a physical human body otherwise works. It will differ from a physical body only in that it can be in two, three, even a hundred or a thousand places at the same time, which is only possible for an etheric form, but not for a physical form. What will be brought about by this progress of humanity is that the two poles I mentioned earlier, the intellectual and the moral, will become more and more one, merging into a unity. This will happen because, in the course of the next millennia, people will learn more and more to see the etheric Christ in the world. They will become increasingly permeated, even during the day, by the direct influence of the good in the spiritual worlds. Whereas now the will sleeps during the day and human beings can basically only act indirectly through their imagination, over the course of the next millennia it will increasingly happen that through what is coming in from our days and is presided over by Christ, human activity can also be directly improved in the daytime state.

What Socrates dreamed of, that virtue could be taught, will really come to pass. And more and more, the possibility will exist on earth that not only will our intellect be stimulated and inspired by teachings, but that moral impulses will also be spread through these teachings. Schopenhauer said: Preaching morality is easy, but justifying morality is very difficult. Why is that? Because preaching does not really spread morality. One can understand moral principles very well and still not adhere to them. For most people, Christ's words apply: The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak. This changes when the moral fire flows out from this Christ figure. As a result, however, it becomes increasingly apparent on Earth that human beings understand the necessity of morality and its impulses. And through this, they transform the earth, insofar as human beings will increasingly feel that morality belongs to the earth. And in the future, only those human beings will be able to be immoral who receive help in immorality, who are possessed by evil demons, by Ahrimanic, Asuric powers, and who strive for this possession. This is the future state of the earth: that there will be a sufficient number of people who will increasingly teach morality and at the same time give reasons for morality; but also that those who, of their own free will, want to do so will give themselves over to the evil powers and form an army of evil against the good people. No one will be forced to do this; it will be everyone's free will.

Then that time will come upon the earth when what has so far only been contained in the grandiose definitions of Oriental occultism and Oriental mysticism will actually occur, when this moral atmosphere will have increased to a high degree. Oriental mysticism has been speaking of this moment for many millennia. And since the appearance of the Buddha, it has spoken strongly of that future point in time when the earth will be immersed in a moral etheric atmosphere. And since the time of the ancient rishis, it has always been a great hope for the future of Eastern mysticism that this impulse will come to the earth and that it will be part of Vishva-Karman, or, as Zarathustra said, of Ahura Mazdao. Thus, it was already clear to that mysticism that this moral impulse, this moral atmosphere of the earth, would emanate from the being we call Christ, and it was on him, the Christ, that Eastern mysticism placed its hope.

The means of Eastern mysticism were not sufficient to imagine this, but they could imagine what would follow this event. They could imagine that within five thousand years after the enlightenment of the great Buddha, the pure Akasha figures immersed in the fire, the light of the sun, would come as the followers of the one who cannot be recognized by Eastern mysticism alone. A wonderful idea indeed: something will come that will make it possible for the sons of light and fire to walk around not in physical form, but as pure akashic figures within the moral atmosphere of the earth, thanks to a purified moral atmosphere on earth. But then, five thousand years after the enlightenment of Gautama Buddha, there will also be a teacher who will teach people what these wonderful beings are, these pure beings of fire and light. This teacher will be the Maitreya Buddha, who will appear three thousand years after our time and who will be able to teach people the Christ impulse.

Thus, Eastern mysticism is united with the Christian knowledge of the West in a beautiful, wonderful unity. And it is also made clear that the one who will appear three thousand years after our time as the Maitreya Buddha will appear again and again on earth as the Bodhisattva, as the successor of Gautama Buddha. One of his incarnations was Jeshu ben Pandira, who lived a hundred years before the beginning of our era. This incarnation of Jeshu ben Pandira is the same being who will one day be the Maitreya Buddha and who appears again and again in a physical body from century to century, not yet as Buddha, but as Bodhisattva. Even in our age, the most important teachings about the Christ Being and about the fire sons of the Indians – the Agnishvattas – emanate from this one who will one day – not now, but one day – become the Maitreya Buddha.

That which enables human beings to recognize the one who will once become the Maitreya Buddha is common to all true Eastern mysticism and Christian knowledge. One can recognize the one who will once be the Maitreya Buddha, who, in contrast to the Sons of Fire, will appear in the physical body as a Bodhisattva, by the fact that he first grows up in his youth in such a way that no human being can guess what kind of individuality is within him. It will always be the case that those who understand will only recognize that such a person is a Bodhisattva between the ages of thirty and thirty-three. Something like a change of personality occurs. And the Maitreya Buddha himself will reveal himself to humanity at the age of thirty-three. Just as Christ Jesus began his work at the age of thirty, so the Bodhisattvas who will continue to proclaim Christ will reveal themselves at the age of thirty-three. And the Maitreya Buddha himself, who will proclaim the great mysteries of existence with great and powerful words that cannot yet be imagined today, will speak in a language that must first be created, for today no human being could find the words with which the Maitreya Buddha will one day speak to humanity. For this reason, it is not yet possible to speak to people in this way, because the physical tools for doing so do not yet exist. The teachings of the Enlightened One will not be mere teachings, but will flow into the souls of human beings as moral impulses. Such words cannot yet be uttered by a physical larynx. They can only exist in the spiritual worlds at present.

Theosophy is the preparation for all that is to come in the future. Those who take the development of humanity seriously, who want the development of the soul not to stagnate but to continue so that the earth can truly become free in its spiritual part, that it can let the coarser part fall away like a corpse—for human beings could ruin the whole work— those who want the world's work to succeed should acquire an understanding of spiritual life through what we today call theosophy. Thus, theosophy becomes a duty, knowledge becomes something we feel, something for which we are responsible. And if we feel this way and want to learn, if we feel from these world mysteries that we want to be theosophists, then we feel correctly. But then Theosophy must not be something that merely satisfies our curiosity; it must become something without which we cannot live. Only when this is the case do we feel in the right sense, only then do we live as living building blocks within that great structure that is to be built in the souls of human beings and that can spread over humanity.

Thus, theosophy is the opening toward the true world phenomena as they approach the people of the future, our own souls, whether we are still in the physical body or already between death and new birth. This upheaval will affect us whether we are still walking in the body or have laid down the physical body. It is only that human beings must acquire understanding for these events here on earth in their physical bodies if they are to be touched between death and new birth by what happens there. For those who are now acquiring understanding of Christ in their physical bodies, it makes no difference whether they are still alive when the moment approaches to see Christ, or whether they have already passed through the gate of death. But those who now reject understanding of Christ will have to wait until their next incarnation if they have already passed through the gate of death when this event occurs, for the foundation cannot be acquired between death and birth. But once the foundation has been acquired, it continues, and then Christ is also visible between death and new birth. Thus, Theosophy is not only something we learn for physical life, but also something that has value when we have laid down our physical body in death.

This is what I wanted to give today for the understanding of human beings and as a guide for answering some questions. Self-knowledge is difficult because human beings are such complicated beings. This makes human beings so complicated that they are connected to all higher worlds and beings. What is within us are shadow images of the great world, and what our organization is, our physical, etheric, and astral bodies and our I, which is what our limbs mean, are worlds for the divine beings. What is our physical, etheric, astral body and ego is one world; the other world is the higher, heavenly world. For the divine-spiritual beings of the higher worlds, the limbs of the body are high divine-spiritual worlds. This is why human beings are so complicated, because they are a true reflection of the spiritual world. This should make them aware of their human dignity. But from the realization that we are indeed an image, but that we are still very far from what we should be, we acquire, through the detours of this realization, not only human dignity but also the right modesty and humility towards the macrocosm and its gods.

From the questions and answers following the lecture

Question: How is the phrase “speaking in tongues” to be understood in the Apostle Paul?

Answer: In exceptional individuals, it can happen that not only the phenomenon of speaking in the waking state is present, but something enters into this speech that is otherwise only present in the sleeping consciousness. This is the phenomenon Paul is talking about. Goethe speaks about it from the same point of view. He wrote a very beautiful treatise on this phenomenon.

Question: How are the words of comfort from Christ to be understood?

Answer: People will feel these words of comfort as if through their own hearts. It may also seem like physical hearing.

Question: What are chemical forces and substances in relation to the spiritual world?

Answer: There are a number of substances in the world that can be combined and separated. What we call chemistry is projected into the physical world from the world of Devachan, the harmony of the spheres. So that in the combination of two substances according to their atomic weights, we have the shadowing of two tones of the harmony of the spheres. The chemical relationship between two substances in the physical world is a shadowing from the world of the harmony of the spheres. The numerical ratios in chemistry are actually expressions of the numerical ratios in the harmony of the spheres. The latter has become silent due to the condensation of matter. If substances could actually be reduced to an ethereal dilution and the atomic numbers could be perceived as an internally forming principle, then the harmony of the spheres would be audible. There is the physical world, the astral world, the lower Devachan, and the upper Devachan. If one now presses a body down even further than the physical world, one enters the sub-physical world, the sub-astral world, the lower or bad lower Devachan, and the lower or bad upper Devachan. The bad astral world is the realm of Lucifer, the bad lower Devachan is the realm of Ahriman, and the bad upper Devachan is the realm of the Asuras. If you push chemistry even further down than the physical plane, into the bad lower devachanic world, magnetism arises, and if you push light into the sub-material, i.e., one level deeper than the material world, electricity arises. If we push what lives in the harmony of the spheres even further down to the Asuras, there is an even more terrible force that will not be able to remain secret for much longer. One can only hope that when this force comes, which we must imagine to be much, much stronger than the strongest electrical discharges, and which will come in any case, then one must hope that before this force is given to humanity by an inventor, people will no longer have anything immoral in them!

Question: What is electricity?

Answer: Electricity is light in a sub-material state. There, light is compressed in the most intense way. Light must also be attributed with inner substance; it is itself in every point. Heat can expand in three directions in space, but with light we must speak of a fourth: it is expanded in four directions; it has inner substance as the fourth.

Question: What happens to the earthly corpse?

Answer: As a remnant of the moon's development, we have our moon, which orbits the earth. Likewise, there will be a remnant for the earth, which will orbit Jupiter. Then the remnants will gradually dissolve into the general world ether. There will be no remnant on Venus. It will first appear as pure heat, then become light, and then pass into the spiritual world. For the Earth, the remnant becomes the corpse. But this is a path that humans must not follow, as it would expose them to terrible torments. However, there are beings that accompany this corpse, as they will develop themselves further through it. To answer the questions

The following are reflected as the sub-physical world

the astral world: the realm of Lucifer
lower Devachan: the realm of Ahriman
upper Devachan: the realm of the Asuras

Life ether => lower Devachan terrible forces of destruction
Chemical ether => lower Devachan magnetism
Light ether => astral world electricity