The Inner Nature of Man and the Life Between Death and a New Rebirth
GA 153
13 April 1914, Vienna
Lecture V
I have now to speak once more of the events between death and rebirth, making use of the ideas we have acquired in the previous lectures. As we can only deal briefly with this wide subject, a great deal can be but indicated and much else which perhaps does not follow from this pictorial presentation will have to be worked out later; but that which at present you may find incomplete will be made clear in the further course of our studies in Spiritual Science.
When a person passes the portal of death, he lays aside his physical body. This is consigned to the elements of the earth. In other words we may say of the physical body, that it has withdrawn from the forces and laws proceeding from the true man which permeate it between birth and death and which are different from the mere chemical and physical laws to which, as physical body, it succumbs after death. From the standpoint of the physical plane, a person has naturally the idea that he has left on the physical plane that part of his being which belongs to that plane. What belongs to the physical plane is consigned to the physical plane. For the comprehension of man himself and also for any comprehension of the spiritual world, we have naturally to consider the point of view taken by the dead person when he has passed through the portal of death. To him the leaving of the physical body means an inner process, a soul-process. To those who are left behind, what happens to the physical body after death is an external process, and the inner being of the person who has died, his human soul nature, can no longer express itself in the mortal residue; but to the man himself who has passed through the portal of death, something is connected with this leaving of the body. To him it means an inner experience of the soul; he feels: Thou hast come forth out of thy physical body and art leaving it behind.
From the standpoint of the physical plane, it is extremely difficult to give an accurate description of what here takes place within the soul; for it is an inner process of far reaching importance and immense significance. It is an inner process which lasts but a brief space of time, but it is of universal importance to the whole of human life. Now if the ideas connected with what then takes place in the soul were to be described—these ideas which of course cannot be touched upon at present in a public lecture because they would astonish the public too much, though perhaps the time will also come for this—if we were to describe the external process of ideas (now of course the spiritually external) with which the path of life running between death and rebirth commences, we might say that the person who has passed the portal of death has the feeling: Thou art now in an entirely different relationship to the world from that in which thou wast before; thy former relationship to the world is radically reversed. If we wished to describe the ideas which are then experienced in the soul, we should have to say that up to his death a person has lived on the earth. During this time he has been accustomed to stand on the solid, material earth, to see there the beings belonging to the mineral, vegetable and animal kingdoms, to see the mountains, rivers, clouds, stars, sun and moon; and from his own standpoint and through the powers of his physical body he has become accustomed to conceive of all this as we do to-day. This he does although at the present day we know from the teaching of Copernicus that fundamentally what we see is an illusion. There above us is the blue vault of the heavens, like a bowl, there are the stars, over it pass the sun and moon. Man is within this bowl as it were, he is within this hollow globe, in the centre, on the earth, together with all that the earth reveals to his powers of perception.
We are not at present concerned with the fact that it is an illusion when through the limitation of our capacities, we picture to ourselves this blue circumference, but with the fact that we cannot do otherwise than see it; we see a blue globe as a firmament above us. Now when a person has passed the portal of death, the first idea he has to form in his soul is: ‘Thou art now outside, but as though sunk into a single star.’ At first he is unconscious of the starry world in which he is really outspread, at first he is only aware of what he has left, he is only aware that he has left the sphere of consciousness he possessed in the physical body, he has left all that he was able to see by means of the human capacities developed in his physical body. Something has really happened—but spiritually—similar to what would happen if a chick, which at first is within the egg-shell, were consciously to experience how it breaks through this and afterwards sees the broken egg-shell—the world which had previously surrounded it—from outside, instead of from inside. Naturally this idea, which passes through the human soul at this point is Maya; but it is a necessary Maya or illusion. As we have already said, that which previously gave our consciousness its content has shrunk together as if into a single star, only that from this star radiates what we might call ‘radiating cosmic wisdom.’
This radiating cosmic wisdom is what I dealt with in the last lecture and regarding which I said that we possess it in its fullness. It shines and glitters at first as if from a fiery star. It is now not blue, like the firmament, but fiery, shining, reddish—like a fiery star. And from it streams forth into space the plenitude of wisdom, which in inward motion first presents to us what might be called a memory-tableau of our last earthly life. All the events we have consciously experienced in our soul between birth and death now come before our soul, but in such a manner that we know: There thou seest all, because the star shining before thee is the background which, through its inner activity, is the cause of thy being able to see what is outspread before thee, as a memory tableau. That is expressed more from the standpoint of the imagination. From the standpoint of inwardness the experience is somewhat as follows: The one who has passed the portal of death is entirely filled with the thought: Thou hast left thy body; now in the spiritual world this body is nothing but will. Thy body is a star of will, a star whose substance is will; and this will glows with warmth, and into the expanses of the world into which thou hast now poured thyself, it rays back to thee thy own life between birth and death as a great tableau. To the circumstance of thy sojourn within this star thou owest the privilege that thou art able to draw and absorb from the world what thou hast drawn and absorbed from it while on the physical plane: for this star, this will-star, which now forms the background is the spiritual part of thy physical body, this will-star is the spirit which permeates and strengthens thy physical body. That which streams to thee as wisdom is the activity, the mobility of thy etheric body.
This period passes. The period during which we have the impression that our life is running its course like a memory-tableau really only lasts for some days. Our thoughts, which became our memories during life on earth, unfold once more before our souls in this memory-tableau. We can maintain this tableau as long as we have the power under normal conditions to keep awake in the physical body. It does not depend upon how long we once remained awake in life under abnormal conditions, it depends upon the power we have within us to keep ourselves awake. In one case it may be that a person can scarcely keep awake one night without tiredness overcoming him, in another case it may be that he can hold out longer without becoming tired; but the length of time he needs to finish with this memory-tableau depends upon the degree of this power. We also have the distinct inner consciousness that because this will-star is in the background, there is contained within the memory-tableau what we have gained in our last earthly life, there is contained in it that by which we have become more mature, what we have carried beyond death as a plus quantity as compared with what we had as a minus quantity when at birth we entered into earthly life. This, which we may describe as the fruit of the last life, we feel in such a way as if it would not remain as it appeared during the memory-tableau, but as if it withdrew, as if it went away into the future and disappeared in those future ages.
In this lecture I shall speak principally of the condition in the life between death and rebirth of those who have reached the normal length of life and have died under normal conditions. Exceptional cases will be dealt with in the next lecture.
Thus the fruit of our life, if we have gained such fruit, withdraws to a distance and we know within our soul:—This fruit exists somewhere, but we have been left behind by it. We have the consciousness that we have remained at an earlier period of time, the fruit of our life hurries forward, it arrives before us at a later period of time and we have to follow after it. We must grasp correctly what I have just said, this idea of the inward experience of the fruit of our life being in the universe; because it is this inward experience which forms the basis of our consciousness, the beginning of our consciousness after death.
Our consciousness must always be aroused by something. When we awake in the morning our consciousness is enkindled anew through our entering into the physical body and thereby confronting outer objects, through something affecting us from outside, while during sleep we are unconscious. In the state immediately after death, this consciousness is enkindled by our inward feeling and experience of the fruits of our last life, experience of what we have gained. These fruits exist, but outside us. Our consciousness is first enkindled after death through this feeling and experience of our inmost earthly nature being outside us. By this our consciousness is quickened. Then begins the period during which it is necessary for us to develop soul-forces which had really to remain undeveloped during our life on the physical plane, because they were used to organise the physical body and all appertaining to it—soul-forces which during physical life have to be changed into something else. These forces have to awaken gradually after death. Even in the days during which we experienced the memory-tableau we notice this awakening of soul-capacities. This happens when the memory-tableau gradually fades away and grows dim, because it is during these days that we actually develop the forces lying at the foundation of the faculty of remembrance, but not acting consciously during physical life. The reason these forces do not act consciously during physical life is because during this physical life we have to transform them in order to be able to form memories. The last great memory which we have after death in the form of the tableau must first fade away, must gradually grow dim. Then out of the darkness develops that which we could not consciously possess before death; for if we had had it consciously before death we could never have formed the forces of memory. The forces which now develop in the soul during the fading of the remembrance of the tableau of life were, during life, transformed into the power by which we remember: they now emerge, because the power to remember earthly thoughts in the ordinary way is overcome and this spiritually transformed memory-force is awakened within us as the first spiritual soul-force which comes forth from the human soul after death, just as the soul-forces come forth in a growing child in the first weeks of its life. As this soul-force grows it is revealed to us that behind our thoughts, which while we were on the physical plane were but shadows, something lives; there is life and movement in the world of thought. We become aware that the thought pictures in our physical body were but a shadow and that in them there really lives and expands a vast number of elemental beings. Our memories grow dim and in their place we see emerge a vast number of elemental beings out of the universal cosmos of wisdom.
You might ask, ‘Is it not a great loss when after death the power of memory is overcome and we have something else in its place?’ We do not miss it, because we then have a very good substitute for it. Instead of remembering our thoughts as we do in life, we notice after death that these thoughts, which we had in life as memory-thoughts, only seem to be memories. This treasure of memory which is ours during life becomes something much more than merely a treasure of memory. When we are out of our physical body, we see all this treasure of memory as a living presence; it exists. Every thought is alive, is a living being. Now we know: During physical life thou didst think, thy thoughts appeared to thee; but while thou wast under the delusion that thou wast forming thoughts, thou wast producing nothing but elemental beings. That is the new thing thou hast added to the whole cosmos. Something new exists, to which thou gavest birth in the spirit; that which thy thoughts really were now stands before thee. We now first learn by direct vision what elemental beings are, because this is the first time we come to know the elemental beings we have ourselves produced. This memory-tableau is the very important impression we receive in the first period after death; but this begins to live, really to live, and as it begins to live we perceive it as nothing but elemental beings. It now shows its true face, as it were and its disappearance merely signifies its change into something different. If, for example, we died at the age of sixty or eighty, we do not need the power of memory to remember a thought we had, say, at the age of twenty, because it is there as a living elemental being, it has waited and we do not need to remember it; then if we died, for example, at the age of forty the thought would only be twenty years old and we should see it clearly. These elemental beings themselves tell us how long it is since they were formed. Time becomes space: it stands before us, because the living beings reveal their own time-signature. Under these conditions time becomes the immediate present.
From these, our own elemental beings, which surrounded us during life and which we see at death, we learn the nature of the elemental world and thereby prepare ourselves gradually to understand the elemental beings in the outer world not produced by us, but existing apart from us in the spiritual cosmos. Through our own elemental creations we learn to know the others. Think how very different this life between death and rebirth really is from our earthly life. The main thing is that after physical birth we are not aware of ourselves. What we experience as a baby, those around us experience with us; we are born, and others, our parents, look upon this which has been born. Neither are we aware of ourselves at first after death, but we see as an outer world that to which we have given birth. We ourselves look upon that which is outside, that to which we have given birth at the moment of death. When at our physical birth we enter into existence, we have an incomprehensible world before us, and to those around us we are indeed a being who only sprawls and cries and laughs; but after death, after our birth into the spiritual world—which to the physical world is death—we enter at once into an environment to which we ourselves have given birth, which we have ourselves organised, for we have ourselves given birth to it. There, we have given birth to a world, whereas, when we are born physically, this world gives birth to us. Such are the conditions with respect to thought and also to that which springs from thought as our store of memory.
It is different as regards what belongs to our feeling and our will. In the first lecture I mentioned that all that belongs to the spheres of our feeling and our will is not yet born in us, that in a certain respect will and feeling are something which is not fully born. This can be seen clearly after death; for will and feeling, as they pervade the physical body, still exist after death. So that after a time, after the will-star has withdrawn with the fruits of our last earthly life, we live in an elemental world which forms our environment to which we ourselves give the fundamental tone through our transformed memories. We live in such a manner in this world, which really is ourselves, in the sense I have just explained, that we know: Thy feeling and thy will are still in thee. They have still a sort of remembrance, a sort of connection with thy last earthly life. This condition lasts for decades. When we are in earthly life between birth and death, we enjoy and suffer, we live in our passions and we develop impulses of the will through having the feeling and willing soul in our body; but it is never the case that all the forces contained in feeling and will are really able to find an outlet through the body. Even though we may die in very old age, we still could have enjoyed more, suffered more, we still could have developed more impulses of the will. All the possibilities of feeling and will that yet remain in the soul must, however, be overcome. As long as these are not fully overcome we still have a connection of desire with our last earthly life. We look back, as it were, at this last earthly life. It is, as I have often expressed by a trivial word, a sort of weaning from the connection with the physical earthly life. Anyone who is but to a slight degree a true spiritual investigator soon penetrates into the nature of the force which we have now to overcome, and this overcoming takes decades to accomplish: but it is revealed comparatively easily to spiritual investigation.
Each day when we fall asleep and when we experience the interval between sleeping and waking, we are in our soul and spiritual nature outside our body. We return, because in our soul and spirit nature we have the impulse to return, because we really have a desire for our body. We absolutely long for our body. And one who can consciously experience awaking, knows: you want to awaken and you must will to waken. In the spirit and soul-nature there is indeed a force of attraction to the body. This must gradually decline, it must be entirely overcome and this takes decades to accomplish. This is the period in which we gradually overcome our connection with our last earthly life and this is why, in the period which is occupied in the manner I have just described, we really have to experience in a reversed direction everything that took place in our earthly life.
Now that the previous lectures have been given, I am in a position to describe various conditions more minutely than before, when only a general outline could be given; for before this could be done, it was necessary that certain ideas should first be brought forward.
Let us suppose that we have passed the portal of death and that we have left someone behind on the earth. We are now in the period when we have gained the power of beholding elemental beings and of having the inward feeling that the fruits of our earthly life have withdrawn; but that we are still connected with this last earthly life. Let us suppose, that when we have passed the portal of death we have left behind one whom we have loved very much. Now, when after death we have become accustomed to our elemental creations, we gradually attain to seeing the elemental beings of others; it is possible for us now to see the thoughts of others as elemental beings. We see the thoughts that live in the soul of the person we have left behind, for they are expressed in living elementals which appear before our soul as mighty Imaginations. In this way we can now have a much more intimate connection with the inner life of this person than we had with him in the physical world; for while we ourselves were in the physical body we could not indeed see the thoughts of the other, whereas now we can. But we have need of the feeling-memory—please note the word—the feeling-memory, the connection of feeling with our own last earthly life. We must feel, just as we felt in the body, and this feeling must echo in us. Then, when the thoughts of the other appear to us, the whole condition, which otherwise would only be as a picture, receives life. Thus, by the route of our feeling, we gain a living connection with our friend: it is really so with everyone.
You see, it is a development of a condition which may be described thus: There is a period during which we still have to draw from our last earthly life the forces enabling us to enter into living relationship with the surrounding spiritual world; we have still to be connected with this earthly life. We love the souls we have left behind, the contents of whose souls appear to us as thoughts, as elemental beings. But we love them because we ourselves are still living in the love we developed for them during our earthly life. The expression is not a happy one, but some of you will understand me when I say that earth-life—not the thought-life but the earth-life whose soul-contents are filled with feeling and permeated with the impulse of will—this earth-life, with which we are still connected, becomes like a sort of electric switch connecting our own individuality with what goes on around us spiritually; we perceive everything in a roundabout way through our last earthly life, but we only perceive what appertains to us in the spiritual world, through the feeling and will that were ours in our last earthly life. It is now really the case that we feel ourselves living on further into time, as a sort of comet of time. Our earthly life is still there like the kernel of the comet, but the kernel sends out a sort of tail into the near future through which we live. We are still connected with our earthly life in so far as this is filled with feeling and will, and from this experience something must be born within our soul as I have described, something that is not directly feeling and will. The soul-powers we develop here in the physical world, which include the power of feeling as we have it here in the physical world and the power of the will as we have it here in the physical world, these soul-powers we possess in this form, because we are living in the physical body. When the soul no longer lives in the physical body, it has to develop other qualities which only slumber during physical life. Because the echoes of feeling and will reverberate in it for years, the soul has to mature something from them which it can also use for the spiritual world in this respect, namely a force which I might describe as something like a feeling-desire or a desiring-feeling. In respect of our feeling and our will, we know that these dwell within our soul; but after death we do not, on the whole, possess such feeling and desire, they must gradually fade and die down, and they do this after some years.
But during this dying down and fading away, something has to develop from feeling and will which can be ours after death. Our thoughts live outside us as elemental beings; of inward feeling and will we should have nothing in this spiritual world which we ourselves are, and which is there, outside us. We have gradually to develop a will—and this we really do—which streams forth from us, which pours forth from us, as it were, and undulates and moves to where our living thoughts are. These it penetrates, because then upon the waves of will floats the feeling which in physical life is within us and not outside. Feeling then returns to us floating on the waves of will. There, outside surges and billows the ocean of our will and upon this swims our feeling. When the will strikes against an elemental thought-being, the contact produces an up-glimmering of feeling and we perceive this ‘ricochet’ of our will as an absolute reality of the spiritual world. Let us suppose there is an elemental being in the outer spiritual world. When we have gradually worked out of the condition we must first pass through, our will going forth from us breaks against this elemental being. When it strikes against the elemental being it is thrown back. It does not now return as will, but as feeling, which floats back to us on the waves of will. Our own being which is poured out into the cosmos lives as feeling which comes back to us on the waves of will. The elemental beings thereby become real to us and we gradually perceive that which exists outside us as the outer spiritual world.
Still another soul-force has to come forth from us, which slumbers in a much deeper layer of the soul than the feeling-will or the willing-feeling. It is creative soul-force, which is like an inner soul-light that must shine forth over the spiritual world, in order that we may not only see the living, active, objective thought-beings floating back to us on the waves of feeling in the ocean of our will, but that we may also illumine this spiritual world with spiritual light. Creative, spiritual illuminating power must go forth from our soul into the spiritual world. This awakens gradually.
You see, that while living in physical life we have at least differentiated within us the pair of brothers—feeling and will, from feeling-will or willing-feeling: we possess these as a duality whereas when we have passed the portal of death they are unity. The creative soul-force which we radiate as soul-light into spiritual space (if I may use the word ‘space’ here, for in reality it is not space, but we have to try to make these conditions comprehensible by expressing them pictorially), this soul-light slumbers so deep down within us because it is connected with something regarding which we neither may nor can know anything during life. That which is liberated as light and which then illumines and brightens the spiritual world slumbers very deep down within us during our life on the physical plane. What then rays forth from us, has to be transformed during our physical life and used in such a way that our body shall really live and that consciousness shall dwell in it. Entirely below the threshold of consciousness works this spiritual illuminating power in our physical body, as the power which organises life and consciousness. We dare not bring it into our earthly consciousness, for we should then rob our physical body of the power which has to organise it. But when we have no body to take care of, it becomes spiritual illuminating power, and streams through, shines and glitters through everything: these words signify actual realities.
Thus we gradually work our way onwards to where we become at home in the spiritual world and experience it as a reality, just as here we experience the physical world as a reality. We gradually arrive at really having the souls of those who have passed the portal of death as our companions in the spiritual world, in so far as these really live in the spiritual world. We then live among souls, just as here in the physical body we live among bodies. As we enter more and more into the true spirit of Spiritual Science, the assertion that after death we do not meet again all those with whom we have lived here, would be, to one who goes more deeply into the matter, as foolish as if someone were to say, with respect to the physical plane, that when we enter upon the earth at birth we find no human beings there. Human beings are all about us.—To one who knows spiritual life it is exactly the same as if someone were to say: the child comes into the physical world, but it sees no one there. That, obviously, is nonsense. In the same way it is nonsense when people say: when we enter into the spiritual world we do not find again all the souls with whom we have been associated, neither do we find the Beings belonging to the higher Hierarchies, whom we recognise in their order, as here upon the earth we recognise minerals, plants and animals! But there is this difference, here in the physical world we know that when we see and hear objects and beings, the possibility for doing so comes through our senses, from the outer world. In the spiritual world we know that this possibility comes from ourselves, because what we may call the soul-light streams forth from our souls illuminating everything about us.
Thus do we live in the period which may be called the first half of our life between death and rebirth. While we are living in this period we go through the two conditions I have already described:—one, a condition lasting for years, in which, through the illuminating power proceeding from our soul, we are connected with the spiritual world and are thus enabled to perceive spirits and souls about us. This then grows dim and we have the feeling: thou canst develop thy soul-illuminating power, thy soul-light less and less, thou art obliged to let it become dimmer and darker in a spiritual sense. Thereby thou canst see spiritual beings less and less. It becomes increasingly the case that we enter alternating periods in which we have a feeling which we may express thus: Beings surround thee on all sides but thou art becoming more and more solitary, thou art aware only of the contents of thine own soul and these contents grow richer to the same extent that thou ceasest to be able to illuminate the beings without.—There are periods of spiritual companionship, and again, periods of spiritual solitude during which we live over again in our soul, what we experienced in the periods of spiritual companionship. These conditions alternate. Such is our life in the spiritual world: spiritual companionship, and again spiritual solitude. In periods of spiritual solitude we know: what thou didst experience in the spiritual world around thee was indeed there, thou knewest about all that; but now there remains only the echo of it within thee. One might say, that what we experience in the periods of spiritual solitude, are memories; but these words do not express it exactly. I must therefore try to describe it to you from another aspect. It is not as if in the period of spiritual darkness, when one has no companions, one were to remember what one had previously experienced in the spiritual world, but as if one had to produce this afresh every moment: it is a continual inward creation. One is inwardly aware: While there, outside thee the outer world exists; thou must remain alone and create and create. What thou createst is the world which surges around thee beyond the shores of thine own being.
As we thus live on further during the first half of our life between death and rebirth and approach the middle of the period between death and rebirth, we feel the solitary life grow richer and richer and at the same time the vision of our spiritual environment becomes dimmer and more restricted. This continues until we arrive at the middle of the period between death and rebirth, which in my last Mystery Drama, The Soul's Awakening, I have endeavoured to describe as the Midnight of the World. That is the period when we have the strongest inward life, but we no longer have within us the creative soul-force enabling us to illumine our spiritual environment. Here, one might say, infinite worlds fill us inwardly, spiritually, but we are unable to know anything about any other being except our own. That is the central point in our experience between death and rebirth, it is the Midnight of the World.
Now the time begins when there develops within us the longing for a positive creative power; for although we have an infinite inner life, there awakens within us the longing to have an outer world again. And so different are the conditions of the spiritual world from those of the physical world, that whereas in the physical world longing is the most passive force (when there is something for which we long, this something is what determines us), the reverse is the case in the spiritual world. There, longing is a creative force; it transforms itself into something which, as a new kind of soul-light, is able to give us an outer world, an outer world which is yet an inner world, inasmuch as it reveals to us a vision of our previous earthly incarnations. These now lie outspread before us, illumined by the light that is born of our longing. In the spiritual cosmos there is a power which comes from longing, which can illumine this backward survey and enable us to experience ourselves.
But to this end one thing is necessary in our present age. I have said that during the whole of the first half of our life between death and rebirth we alternate between inner life and outer life, between solitude and spiritual companionship. At first the conditions in the spiritual world are such, that each time we return to our solitude in the spiritual world, to our inner activity, we call up before our soul again and again what we have experienced in the outer world. Thereby a consciousness is aroused which expands over the whole of the spiritual world; with the swing of the pendulum this again contracts during the period of solitude.
There is one thing, however, which exists there and which we must retain, no matter whether we expand into the great spiritual world, or withdraw into ourselves. Before the Mystery of Golgotha took place, it was possible, through the forces connecting man with primeval times, to preserve a connection with that which gave him the feeling of ‘I’. It was possible not to lose this connection, for he could preserve a clear remembrance of one thing in the previous earthly life, namely, that in this life on the earth he had lived as an ‘I’; and this remembrance continued both through the periods of solitude and of companionship. Before the Mystery of Golgotha the forces of inheritance took care of this. Now, it can only be accomplished through the fact that the soul-content, which we may have through Christ having entered into the earth aura, remains connected with that which we have released from us as the treasure we have brought from the earth, which we perceived withdraw immediately after leaving the physical body. This is the permeation with the Christ-substance, which after death gives us the power to maintain the remembrance of our ‘I’ up to the time of the world-midnight, in spite of all expansion and in spite of all the contraction into solitude. Thus far does the impulse proceeding from the power of Christ extend, that through it we do not lose ourselves. Then from our longing must spring a new spiritual power, a power that only exists in spiritual life and by which, through our longing a new light may be kindled.
In the physical world there is Nature and the Divinity which pervades Nature, from which we are born into the physical world. There is the Christ-impulse which is present in the earth's aura, that is, in the aura of physical nature. But the power which draws near to us in the Midnight of the World, through which our longing is enabled to illumine the whole of our past, this power exists only in the spiritual world where nobody can live. When the Christ-impulse has brought us as far as to the Midnight of the World, and when the Midnight of the World is experienced by the soul in spiritual loneliness, because the soul-light cannot yet stream forth from us, when world-darkness has come upon us, when Christ has led us thus far, then in the Midnight of the World there emerges something spiritual from our desire, creating a new world-light which illuminates our being and by means of which we enter anew into worldly existence. We learn to know the Spirit of the spiritual world which awakens us, because out of the Midnight of the World a new light shines, the light which illuminates the whole of our human past.
In Christ we have died; through the Spirit, through the bodiless Spirit for which the technical expression Holy Ghost is used, i.e., the Spirit that lives without a body—(for this is meant by the word Holy, namely, a spirit without the weakness of one that lives in the body)—through this Spirit we are reawakened at the Midnight of the World. At the World-Midnight we are awakened by the Holy Ghost:
Per Spiritum Sanctum Reviviscimus
Fünfter Vortrag
Es wird mir nun obliegen, von den Vorgängen zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt noch einmal zu sprechen, aber mit Benutzung derjenigen Vorstellungen, die wir in den vier letzten Vorträgen haben gewinnen können. Es wird natürlich dadurch, daß es mit einer gewissen Kürze wird behandelt werden müssen, manches von dem umfassenden Thema nur angedeutet werden können, es wird manches, was vielleicht aus der bildlichen Darstellung nicht folgt, herausgearbeitet werden müssen. Aber das, was unsere anthroposophischen Freunde heute nicht schon vollständig finden werden, wird dann im Laufe der weiteren Erkenntnis der Geisteswissenschaft sich zeigen.
Wenn der Mensch durch die Pforte des Todes getreten ist, so hat er seinen physischen Leib abgelegt; der physische Leib ist den Elementen der Erde übergeben. Mit anderen Worten könnte auch über ihn gesagt werden: Der physische Leib hat sich herausgehoben aus den Kräften und Gesetzen, die ihn zwischen der Geburt und dem Tode vom eigentlichen Menschen heraus durchdringen und die andere Gesetze sind als die bloß chemischen und physikalischen Gesetze, denen er dann nach dem Tode als physischer Leib verfällt. Vom Gesichtspunkt der physischen Welt aus hat der Mensch ja selbstverständlich die Anschauung: Von der menschlichen Wesenheit ist zurückgeblieben auf dem physischen Plane das, was diesem physischen Plane angehört. Es wird dieses dem physischen Plane Angehörige nun auch dem physischen Plane übergeben. Für den Menschen selbst aber und für alle Auffassung der geistigen Welt kommt der Gesichtspunkt in Betracht, den der Tote, der Mensch, der durch die Pforte des Todes geschritten ist, hat einnehmen müssen. Für ihn bedeutet das Verlassen des physischen Leibes einen inneren Vorgang, einen Seelenvorgang; für die Hinterbliebenen ist das, was mit dem physischen Leibe nach dem Tode geschieht, ein äußerer Vorgang. Das Innere des Menschen, das Menschlich-Seelenhafte des verstorbenen Menschen drückt sich ja innerhalb dessen, was als sterblicher Überrest zurückgeblieben ist, nicht mehr aus. Für den Menschen selbst aber, der durch die Pforte des Todes gegangen ist, ist dennoch etwas verbunden mit dem Verlassen des Leibes. Es bedeutet ein inneres Seelenerlebnis: Du bist aus deinem physischen Leibe herausgegangen und lässest diesen physischen Leib zurück.
Es ist außerordentlich schwierig, ich möchte sagen, vom Standpunkt des physischen Planes aus dieses, was da im Inneren der Seele des Menschen vorgeht, wirklich sachgemäß zu schildern. Denn es ist ein innerer Vorgang, der im Grunde etwas ungeheuer Umfassendes, etwas ungeheuer Bedeutsames hat. Es ist ein innerer Vorgang, der ja im Grunde kurz dauert, aber von einer für das gesamte menschliche Leben universalen Bedeutung ist. Nun, wenn man den Vorstellungsinhalt dessen schildern möchte, was da mit der Seele vorgeht, diesen Vorstellungsinhalt, den man natürlich heute in einem öffentlichen Vortrag noch nicht berühren kann, denn er würde die Öffentlichkeit zu sehr frappieren — vielleicht kommt aber auch dazu die Zeit -, wenn man den äußeren, also jetzt geistig äußerlichen Vorstellungsvorgang schildern wollte, mit dem sozusagen der Lebensweg beginnt, der zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt verläuft, so könnte man sagen, der durch die Pforte des Todes Geschrittene hat zunächst das Gefühl: Du bist jetzt in einem ganz anderen Verhältnisse zur Welt als du vorher warst, und das ganze frühere Verhältnis, das du zur Welt hattest, ist im Grunde genommen umgekehrt, radikal umgekehrt. Man müßte eigentlich in der folgenden Weise schildern, wenn man das, was da vorstellungsmäßig erlebt wird, schildern wollte. Man müßte sagen: Der Mensch hat bis zu seinem Tode auf der Erde gelebt, er ist gewohnt gewesen in dieser Zeit auf der festen, materiellen Erde zu stehen, auf dieser materiellen Erde die Wesen des mineralischen, pflanzlichen, tierischen Reiches, Berge, Flüsse, Wolken, Sterne, Sonne und Mond zu sehen, und ist gewohnt worden, durch seinen eigenen Gesichtspunkt und durch seine im physischen Leib vorhandenen Fähigkeiten, sich dieses Ganze so vorzustellen, wie man es sich ja doch vorstellt, trotzdem man heute durch den Kopernikanismus weiß, daß es im Grunde ein Scheinbild ist: Da oben ist das blaue Himmelsgewölbe wie eine Himmelsschale, da sind die Sterne darauf, darüber gehen Sonne und Mond und so weiter, man selber ist wie in dieser Schale, in dieser Hohlkugel, im Inneren da drinnen, in der Mitte, auf der Erde, mit dem, was einem die Erde für die Wahrnehmung zeigt.
Es kommt uns jetzt nicht darauf an, daß das ein Scheinbild ist, daß wir selber nur durch die Beschränktheit unserer Fähigkeiten uns diesen blauen Umkreis bilden, sondern darauf, daß wir ja gar nicht anders können als das zu sehen. Wir sehen eben das, was nur durch die Beschränktheit unserer Fähigkeiten so ist, sehen eben eine blaue Kugel als Firmament über uns gebildet. Wenn nun der Mensch durch die Pforte des "Todes gegangen ist, so ist das erste, daß er die Vorstellung seiner Seele ausbilden muß: Du bist jetzt außerhalb dieser blauen Kugel, in der du warst. Du siehst sie von außen an, aber so, als ob sie zu einem Stern zusammengeschrumpft wäre. Man hat zunächst kein Bewußtsein von der Sternenwelt, in die man sich eigentlich ausbreitet, sondern man hat zunächst nur ein Bewußtsein von dem, was man verlassen hat: daß man seine Bewußtseinssphäre, die man gehabt hat im physischen Leibe, verlassen hat, daß man das verlassen hat, bis wohin einen die menschlichen Fähigkeiten, die im physischen Leibe ausgebildet sind, haben schauen lassen. Es ist wirklich, aber geistig, etwas Ähnliches vorgegangen, wie es vorgehen müßte, wenn mit bewußtem Erleben ein Küchlein, das in der Eierschale drinnen ist, diese zerbricht und nachher die zerbrochene Eischale, die es bisher umschlossen hat, seine bisherige Welt, von außen statt von innen ansieht. Natürlich ist diese Vorstellung wiederum Maja, die da durch die menschliche Seele zieht, aber eine notwendige Maja. Wie gesagt, zusammengeschrumpft wie zu einem Sterne ist das, was uns vorher den Inhalt unseres Bewußtseins gab, nur daß sich, von diesem Sterne ausgehend, dasjenige ausbreitet, was man nennen könnte: erstrahlende kosmische Weisheit.
Diese erstrahlende kosmische Weisheit ist dasselbe, welches ich auch gestern im letzten Vortrag behandelt habe, und von dem ich gesagt habe, daß wir es in Fülle haben. Das glimmt und glitzert uns entgegen wie von einem feurigen Stern. Jetzt ist es nicht blau wie das Firmament, sondern jetzt ist es feurig, rötlich erglimmend, und davon ausstrahlend in den Raum die Fülle von Weisheit, die uns aber zuerst zeigt - sie ist in sich ganz beweglich — das, was man ein Erinnerungstableau unseres letzten Erdenlebens nennen könnte. All die Vorgänge, die wir mit unserem inneren Seelenerleben durchmessen haben zwischen der Geburt und dem Tode, wo wir bewußt dabei waren, treten vor unsere Seele hin, aber so, daß wir wissen: Du siehst das alles, weil der Stern, der da vor dir aufglänzt, der Hintergrund ist, der durch seine innere Tätigkeit bewirkt, daß du das alles sehen kannst, was sich als ein Erinnerungstableau ausbreitet. Das ist so mehr vom Standpunkt der Imagination aus gesprochen. Vom Standpunkt der Innerlichkeit gesprochen ist das Erlebnis etwa dieses, daß derjenige, der durch die Pforte des Todes gegangen ist, nunmehr ganz erfüllt ist von dem Gedanken: Ja, du hast deinen Leib verlassen. Jetzt, in der geistigen Welt, ist dieser Leib lauter Wille. Ein Willensstern, ein Stern, dessen Substanz Wille ist, das ist dein Leib. Und dieser Wille erglüht in Wärme und strahlt dir in den Weltenweiten, in die du dich jetzt selber ergossen hast, dein eigenes Leben zwischen der Geburt und dem Tode wie ein großes Tableau zurück. Und du verdankst dem Umstande, daß du innen verweilen konntest in diesem Stern, daß du alles das aus der Welt ziehen und saugen konntest, was du auf dem physischen Plan aus der Welt eben gezogen und gesaugt hast. Denn dieser Stern, dieser Willensstern, der jetzt den Hintergrund bildet, das ist das Geistige deines physischen Leibes, dieser Willensstern ist der Geist, der deinen physischen Leib durchtränkt und durchkraftet. Das, was dir als Weisheit erstrahlt, das ist die Tätigkeit, die Beweglichkeit deines Ätherleibes.
Es vergeht die Zeit, das ist ja auch schon im öffentlichen Vortrag charakterisiert worden, die eigentlich nur nach Tagen dauert, wo man den Eindruck hat: das Leben spielt sich ab wie ein Erinnerungstableau. Unsere Gedanken, die zu unseren Erinnerungen während des Lebens auf der Erde geworden sind, rollen da gleichsam ab in diesem Erinnerungstableau, die treten noch einmal vor unsere Seele hin. Und wir können es so lange aufrechterhalten, als wir die Kraft haben, unter normalen Verhältnissen uns im physischen Leibe wach zu erhalten. Es kommt ja nicht darauf an, wie lange wir einmal im Leben wach geblieben sind in abnormen Verhältnissen, es kommt darauf an, welche Kräfte wir in uns haben, um eben uns wach zu erhalten. Diese sind bei dem einen so, daß er kaum eine Nacht durchwachen kann, ohne daß ihn Müdigkeit überkommt, bei dem anderen, daß er es länger aushalten kann, ohne müde zu werden. Von dem Maße dieser Kräfte ist es abhängig, wie lange der Mensch braucht, um mit diesem Erinnerungstableau fertig zu werden. Aber man hat auch das ganz deutliche innere Bewußtsein, daß dadurch, daß der Willensstern im Hintergrunde ist, in diesem Erinnerungstableau dasjenige ist, was wir uns im letzten Erdenleben errungen haben; daß darin das ist, um was wir reifer geworden sind, was wir sozusagen durch den Tod als ein Mehr hinausgetragen haben gegenüber dem, was wir beim Eintritt in unsere Geburt als ein Geringeres gehabt haben. Dieses, was wir wie eine Frucht des letzten Lebens bezeichnen können, das fühlen wir so, als wenn es nicht bleiben würde, wie es war während des Erinnerungstableaus, sondern wie wenn es sich fernte, wie wenn es fortginge, wie wenn es in der Zeiten Zukunft hineinginge und in der Zeiten Zukunft entschwände.
Ich werde heute vorzugsweise davon reden, wie es sich mit dem Leben zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt verhält bei solchen Menschen, die eine normale Lebensdauer erreicht haben und in normalen Verhältnissen gestorben sind. Für Ausnahmefälle soll dann morgen das Nähere gesagt werden.
Also es fernt sich unsere Lebensfrucht, wenn wir eine solche erlangt haben, und wir wissen in der Seele: diese Frucht ist irgendwie vorhanden, aber wir sind hinter ihr zurückgeblieben. Man hat das Bewußtsein, man ist an einem früheren Zeitpunkt verblieben, die Lebensfrucht zieht schnell fort, so daß sie früher ankommt an einem späteren Zeitpunkt, und wir müssen ihr nachziehen, dieser Lebensfrucht. Das, was ich jetzt gesagt habe, dieses innere Erlebnis, daß die Lebensfrucht im Weltenall weilt, vorhanden ist, das müssen wir uns so recht vorstellen, denn das ist es, was den Grund bildet für unser Bewußtsein, für den Beginn unseres Bewußtseins nach dem Tode. Unser Bewußtsein muß ja sozusagen immer durch etwas angeregt werden. Wenn wir des Morgens aufwachen, so wird unser Bewußtsein neuerdings angefacht- während wir beim Schlaf bewußtlos sind-durch das Eintauchen in den physischen Leib und dadurch, daß uns die äußeren Dinge gegenübertreten, dadurch daß etwas von außen wirkt. In den Verhältnissen unmittelbar nach dem Tode wird dieses Bewußtsein angefacht durch das innere Erfühlen und Erleben dessen, was die Frucht unseres letzten Lebens ist, was wir uns errungen, erobert haben. Das ist vorhanden, aber außer uns vorhanden. Durch dieses Erfühlen und Erleben unseres innersten irdischen Wesens außer uns haben wir die erste Entzündung unseres Bewußtseins nach dem Tode, daran belebt sich dieses Bewußtsein.
Dann beginnt die Zeit, in welcher es notwendig ist, daß wir Seelenkräfte entwickeln, welche während des Lebens auf dem physischen Plane eigentlich unentwickelt bleiben müssen, weil sie alle dazu verwendet werden, den physischen Leib und das, was zu ihm gehört, das ganze physische Leben, durchzuorganisieren, Seelenkräfte, die während des physischen Lebens in etwas anderes verwandelt sein müssen. Diese Kräfte müssen allmählich erwachen nach dem Tode. Schon in den Tagen, während welcher wir das Erinnerungstableau erleben, haben wir ein solches Erwachen von Seelenfähigkeiten zu verzeichnen. Wenn das Erinnerungstableau nach und nach abflutet und abdämmert, so geschieht das eigentlich dadurch, daß wir während dieser Tage schon diejenigen Kräfte entwickeln, welche der Erinnerungsfähigkeit zwar zugrunde liegen, aber nicht bewußt werden während des physischen Lebens, und zwar deshalb nicht, weil wir während dieses physischen Lebens sie gerade umwandeln müssen, um Erinnerungen bilden zu können. Die letzte große Erinnerung, die wir nach dem Tode in Form des Tableaus haben, die muß erst abfluten, die muß nach und nach verdämmern, dann entwickelt sich aus der Verdämmerung heraus das, was wir bewußt nicht haben durften vor dem Tode. Denn hätten wir es bewußt gehabt vor dem 'Tode, so hätten sich niemals in uns die Erinnerungskräfte bilden können. Umgewandelt in diese Fähigkeit, uns zu erinnern, haben sich die Kräfte, die sich jetzt in der Seele während des Abdämmerns der Erinnerung des Lebenstableaus heraus entwickeln. Umgesetzt in die Etinnerungskraft haben sich diese vor dem Tode, und jetzt kommen sie heraus, indem die Möglichkeit, sich in gewöhnlicher Weise an irdische Gedanken zu erinnern, überwunden wird. Diese gleichsam ins Geistige umgewandelte Gedächtniskraft erwacht als eine erste geistig-seelische Kraft in uns, die nach dem Tode aus der menschlichen Seele so herauskommt, wie die Seelenkräfte beim heranwachsenden Kinde in den ersten Lebenswochen herauskommen. Indem diese Seelenkraft heranwächst, zeigt sich uns eben, daß hinter den Gedanken, die, während wir auf dem physischen Plane waren, nur Schattenbilder waren, Lebendiges steckt, daß ein Leben und Weben in der Gedankenwelt ist. Wir werden gewahr, daß das, was wir innerhalb des physischen Leibes als unser Gedankentableau haben, eben nur ein Schattenbild ist, daß es in Wahrheit eine Summe, eine Ausbreitung von Elementarwesen ist. Wir sehen gleichsam unsere Erinnerungen abglimmen und sehen dafür aus dem allgemeinen Weisheitskosmos heraus eine ganze Anzahl von Elementarwesen erwachen.
Sie könnten fragen, meine lieben Freunde: Ja, geht uns denn das nicht ab nach dem Tode, daß wir gerade die Erinnerungskraft überwinden und etwas anderes dann haben? Es geht uns nicht ab, denn wir haben reichlichen Ersatz dafür nach dem Tode. Statt daß wir uns wie im Leben an unsere Gedanken erinnern, merken wir nach dem: Tode, daß diese Gedanken, die wir als Gedächtnisgedanken im Leben hatten, für uns sich nur so ausnehmen wie Erinnerungen. Oh, dieser Gedächtnisschatz während des Lebens, er ist etwas ganz anderes als ein bloßer Gedächtnisschatz! Sind wir aus dem physischen Leibe heraus, dann sehen wir diesen ganzen Gedächtnisschatz als lebendige Gegenwart, dann ist er da. Jeder Gedanke lebt als ein Elementarwesen. Wir wissen jetzt: Du hast gedacht während deines physischen Lebens, dir sind deine Gedanken erschienen. Aber während du in dem Wahne warst, du bildetest dir Gedanken, hast du lauter Elementarwesen geschaffen. Das ist das Neue, was du zum ganzen Kosmos hinzugefügt hast. Jetzt ist etwas da, was in den Geist hinein von dir geboren worden ist, jetzt taucht vor dir auf, was deine Gedanken in Wirklichkeit waren. Man lernt zunächst in unmittelbarer Anschauung erkennen, was Elementarwesen sind, weil man diejenigen Elementarwesen zuerst erkennen lernt, die man selber geschaffen hat. Das ist der bedeutungsvolle Eindruck der ersten Zeit nach dem Tode, daß man das Erinnerungstableau hat. Aber dieses fängt an zu leben, richtig zu leben, und indem es anfängt zu leben, verwandelt es sich in lauter Elementarwesen. Jetzt zeigt es sozusagen sein wahres Antlitz, und darin besteht sein Verschwinden, daß es etwas ganz anderes wird. Wir brauchen, wenn wir zum Beispiel mit sechzig oder achtzig Jahren gestorben sind, jetzt nicht mehr für irgendeinen Gedanken, den wir etwa im zwanzigsten Jahre unseres Lebens gehabt haben, Erinnerungskraft, denn er ist da als lebendiges Elementarwesen, er hat gewartet, und wir brauchen uns nicht an ihn zu erinnern. Denn wären wir zum Beispiel in unserem vierzigsten Lebensjahre gestorben, so wäre der Gedanke erst zwanzig Jahre alt — und das sehen wir ihm deutlich an. Diese Elementarwesen sagen uns selber, wie lange es her ist, seit sie sich gebildet haben. Die Zeit wird zum Raum. Sie steht vor uns, indem die lebendigen Wesen ihre eigenen Zeitensignaturen zeigen. Die Zeit wird zur unmittelbaren Gegenwart für diese Verhältnisse.
Wir lernen aus diesen unseren eigenen Elementarwesen, von denen wir im Leben schon umgeben waren, die wir im Tode erblicken, die Natur der elementarischen Welt überhaupt kennen und bereiten uns dadurch vor, auch solche Elementarwesen der Außenwelt zu verstehen im allmählichen Anschauen, die nicht wir geschaffen haben, sondern die ohne uns im geistigen Kosmos vorhanden sind. Durch unsere eigene elementare Schöpfung lernen wir die anderen kennen. Denken Sie sich einmal, wie unendlich verschieden eigentlich dieses Leben zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt ist von dem irdischen Leben. Das erste, was vorgeht nach der Geburt, ist, daß sich der Mensch noch nicht selber erkennt. Das, was er erlebt als ganz kleines Kind, das erleben die anderen mit ihm. Er ist geboren worden, und die anderen, seine Eltern, schauen dieses Geborene an. Nach dem Tode schaut man sich zunächst allerdings nicht selber an, aber sein Geborenes schaut man als eine Außenwelt an. Das, was draußen ist, was man geboren hat mit dem Augenblick des Todes, das schaut man selber an. So wahr der Mensch, wenn er durch die physische Geburt ins Dasein tritt, eine ihm unverständliche Außenwelt vor sich hat und eigentlich ein Wesen ist, welches nur für die anderen zappelt und weint und auch lacht, so ist man nach dem 'T'ode, nach der Geburt für die geistige Welt, die für die physische Welt der Tod ist, zunächst so, daß man beginnt selber in der Umgebung zu sein, die man sich selber geboren hat, die man sich selber um sich herum aufrichtet, weil man sie geboren hat. Man hat die Welt geboren, während man, wenn man ins Physische geboren wird, von der Welt geboren wird. So ist es mit unseren Gedanken und mit dem, was aus den Gedanken wird mit der Erinnerung, dem Gedächtnisschatz.
Anders ist es mit dem, was unserer Gefühls- und unserer Willenssphäre angehört. Ich habe im ersten der Vorträge hier ausgeführt, daß das, was unserer Grefühls- und unserer Willenssphäre angehört, eigentlich in seiner vollen Wesenheit noch nicht geboren ist in uns, daß Wille und Gefühl in gewisser Beziehung etwas darstellen, was nicht zu seinem vollen Ausgebären kommt. Das zeigt sich insbesondere nach dem Tode, denn Wille und Gefühl, so wie sie den physischen Leib durchdringen, sind noch vorhanden nach dem Tode. So daß der Mensch also nach einiger Zeit, nachdem sich der Willensstern mit den Früchten seines letzten Erdenlebens gefernt hat, in einer Elementarwelt lebt, die seine Umgebung ist, und der er selbst sozusagen den Grundton gibt durch seine umgewandelten Erinnerungen. Es lebt der Mensch so in dieser Welt darinnen, die eigentlich er ist in dem Sinn, wie eben auseinandergesetzt worden ist, daß er weiß: Ja, aber dein Gefühl und dein Wille leben noch in dir, die haben jetzt eine Art von Erinnerung, eine Art von Zusammenhang mit dem letzten Erdenleben. Das dauert durch Jahrzehnte. Wenn wir im Erdenleben stehen zwischen der Geburt und dem Tode, dann genießen wir und leiden wir, dann leben wir in Leidenschaften, entwickeln Willensimpulse dadurch, daß wir die fühlende und wollende Seele in unserem Leibe tragen. Aber niemals ist es so, daß durch den Leib all die Kräfte, die in Gefühl und Willen liegen, wirklich herauskommen können. Wenn man auch das höchste Alter erreicht hat, so stirbt man doch so, daß man hätte noch mehr genießen können, noch mehr leiden können, noch mehr Willensimpulse hätte entwickeln können. Das aber muß erst überwunden werden, was an Möglichkeiten des Fühlens und Wollens noch in der Seele ist. Solange das nicht vollständig überwunden ist, so lange haben wir einen Begierdenzusammenhang mit dem letzten Erdenleben. Wir schauen gleichsam auf dieses letzte Erdenleben zurück. Es ist, wie ich es öfter mit einem trivialen Wort genannt habe, eine Art Abgewöhnen von dem Zusammenhang mit dem physischen Erdenleben. In die Natur dieser Kraft, die man da zu überwinden hat, zu deren Überwindung man eigentlich jahrzehntelang braucht, in die Natur dieser Kraft dringt derjenige, der nur ein wenig wirklicher Geistesforscher wird, sehr bald ein, denn sie offenbart sich eigentlich verhältnismäßig leicht der Geistesforschung.
Wenn wir jeden Tag aus den Erlebnissen des Tages heraus einschlafen, eine Zeit zubringen zwischen dem Einschlafen und dem Erwachen, dann sind wir in unserem Seelisch-Geistigen außerhalb unseres Leibes. Wir kehren zurück, weil wir im Seelisch-Geistigen einen Trieb zu diesem Zurückkehren haben, weil wir wirklich nach unserem Leib begehren. Wir begehren durchaus nach unserem Leib, und wer das Aufwachen bewußt erleben kann, der weiß: Du willst aufwachen und du mußt aufwachen wollen. Es besteht eben eine Anziehungskraft im Geistig-Seelischen nach dem Leibe hin. Diese muß nach und nach abglimmen, muß ganz und gar überwunden werden. Das dauert Jahrzehnte. Es ist die Zeit, in der wir nach und nach unseren Zusammenhang mit dem letzten Erdenleben überwinden. Das macht es, daß wir in bezug auf die Erlebnisse nach dem Tode in der Zeit, die also verNießt, wie ich es eben geschildert habe, eigentlich alles auf dem Umweg durch unser Erdenleben erleben müssen.
Ich bin jetzt in der Lage, nachdem die vorhergehenden Vorträge gehalten worden sind, Ihnen mancherlei Verhältnisse genauer zu schildern als sonst, wo man mehr im Überblick schildern mußte, denn es müssen für die genaue Schilderung immer erst die Begriffe herbeigetragen werden.
Nehmen wir einmal an, wir haben einen Menschen auf der Erde zurückgelassen und sind selber durch die Pforte des Todes gegangen. Wir stehen also in der Zeit darinnen, wo wir uns die Fähigkeit angeeignet haben, in die elementaren Wesenheiten hineinzuschauen und uns selber zu erfühlen, so daß wir wissen: Unsere Erdenfrüchte haben sich gefernt. Aber wir hängen noch zusammen mit unserem letzten Erdenleben. Nehmen wir an, wir haben einen Menschen zurückgelassen, wenn wir durch die Pforte des Todes geschritten sind, den wir sehr lieb gehabt haben. Ja, jetzt nach dem Tode kommen wir allmählich dazu, indem wir uns von unseren eigenen elementaren Schöpfungen aus hineingewöhnen, die elementaren Wesenheiten von anderen zu schauen, jetzt können wir uns hineinfinden, Gedanken anderer als Elementarwesen zu schauen. Das lernen wir allmählich an unseren eigenen Elementarwesen, auch bei den anderen Menschen, die wir zurückgelassen haben, zu sehen, was er denkt, was in seiner Seele an Gedanken lebt; wir sehen es. Denn es drückt sich in den Elementarwesen aus, die uns in mächtigen Imaginationen vor die Seele treten. Wir können also in dieser Beziehung jetzt schon viel mehr Zusammenhang haben mit dem Innerlichen des betreffenden Menschen, als wir mit ihm in der physischen Welt hatten. Denn während wir selber im physischen Leibe waren, konnten wir ja nicht auf das Gedankliche des anderen hinschauen; jetzt können wir es. Aber wir brauchen gleichsam die Gefühlserinnerung — bitte auf das Wort wohl achtzugeben -, die Gefühlserinnerung, den Gefühlszusammenhang mit unserem eigenen letzten Erdenleben. Wir müssen gleichsam so fühlen, wie wir im Leibe gefühlt haben, und dieses Gefühl muß in uns nachklingen, dann belebt sich das Verhältnis, das wir sonst nur wie zu einem Bilde haben würden, als das uns die Gedanken des anderen erscheinen. Einen lebendigen Zusammenhang bekommen wir also auf dem Umwege durch unsere Gefühle. Und so ist es im Grunde genommen mit allem.
Sie sehen, es ist ein Herausarbeiten aus einem Zustand, den man dadurch charakterisieren kann, daß man sagt: Es ist eine Zeit, in der wir die Kräfte noch aus unserem letzten Erdenleben beziehen müssen, um in lebendige Beziehungen zu kommen zu unserer geistigen Umwelt, wir müssen mit diesem Erdenleben noch zusammenhängen. Wir lieben die Seelen, die wir zurückgelassen haben, deren Seeleninhalt uns als Gedanken, als Elementarwesen erscheint, aber wir lieben sie, weil wir selber noch leben von der Liebe, die wir für sie während unseres Erdenlebens entwickelt haben. Es ist ja unangenehm, möchte ich fast sagen, solche Ausdrücke zu gebrauchen, aber einige von Ihnen werden mich verstehen, wenn ich sage: Das Erdenleben — also nicht das Gedankenleben -, das Erdenleben als gefühlter und mit Willensimpuls durchsetzter Seeleninhalt, mit dem wir noch zusammenhängen, das wird wie eine Art elektrischer Umschalter der eigenen Individualität mit dem, was um uns herum geistig uns umwallt. Wie eine Art elektrischer Umschalter: wir nehmen alles wahr auf dem Umweg durch das letzte Erdenleben. Aber nur durch das, was im letzten Erdenleben Fühlen und Wollen war, nehmen wir wahr, was in der geistigen Welt . zu uns gehört. Es ist wirklich jetzt so, daß wir uns in der Zeit weiterlebend fühlen, wie eine Art Komet der Zeit. Unser Erdenleben ist noch da wie ein Kern, aber der Kern entwickelt in die nächste Zukunft hinein eine Art von Schweif, den wir durchleben. Wir hängen noch zusammen mit unserem Erdenleben, insoferne dieses erfüllt ist von Gefühl und Wille. In unserem Seeleninnern muß sich herausgebären aus diesem Erleben, wie ich es Ihnen geschildert habe, etwas, was jetzt nicht unmittelbar Gefühl und Wille ist. Denn die Seelenkräfte, die wir hier in der physischen Welt entwickeln, auch die Kraft des Fühlens, wie wir sie eben in der physischen Welt als Gefühlskraft haben, die Kraft des Willens, wie wir sie in der physischen Welt als Willenskraft haben, haben wir in dieser Form dadurch, daß wir eben im physischen Leibe leben. Wenn die Seele nun nicht mehr im physischen Leibe lebt, so muß sie andere Fähigkeiten entwickeln, die während des physischen Lebens nur schlummern, sie muß, während noch der Nachklang von Gefühl und Wille Jahre hindurch in ihr wirkt, aus diesem Zusammenhang das herausreifen, was sie nun für die geistige Welt auch in dieser Beziehung brauchen kann, Kräfte, die ich bezeichnet habe, indem ich sagte, es ist etwas wie ein fühlendes Begehren oder ein begehrendes Fühlen. Von unserem Gefühl und unserem Willen wissen wir, die sitzen in unserer Seele darinnen. Doch von einem solchen Gefühl und Begehren, wie sie in unserer Seele sitzen, da haben wir nach dem Tode im Grunde genommen nichts, die müssen nach und nach abdämmern und abdumpfen; und das tun sie eben nach Jahren. Aber während dieses Abdämmerns und Abdumpfens muß sich von Gefühl und Wille etwas entwickeln, wovon wir nach dem Tode etwas haben.
Unsere Gedanken leben draußen als Elementarwesen. Von einem Gefühl und einem Willen, wie sie in uns lebten, würden wir nichts haben für diese Welt, die wir selber sind und die da draußen ist. Wir müssen nach und nach einen Willen entwickeln — und den entwickeln wir auch -, der von uns ausströmt, der sich wie von uns ergießt und hinwallt und hinwogt dorthin, wo unsere lebendigen Gedanken sind. Diese durchdringt er, weil auf den Wogen des Willens das Gefühl schwimmt, das im physischen Leben nur in uns ist. Auf den Wogen des Willens schwimmt das Gefühl, da draußen wallt und wogt das Meer unseres Willens, und auf diesem schwimmt das Gefühl. Nämlich es schwimmt dann, wenn der Wille heranstößt an ein Gedankenelementarwesen, dann geschieht durch diesen Zusammenstoß des Willens mit den Gedankenelementarwesen ein Aufglimmen des Gefühls, und wir nehmen wahr als eine reale Wirklichkeit der geistigen Welt dieses Zurückgeworfenwerden unseres Willens.
Ich will so sagen: Nehmen wir an, in der geistigen Außenwelt sei ein Elementarwesen. Wenn wir uns herausgearbeitet haben aus dem Zustand, den wir zuerst durchmachen müssen, dann brandet unser Wille, der jetzt aus uns herausgeht, zu dem Elementarwesen hin. Da, wo er heranstößt an das Elementarwesen, wird er zurückgeworfen: jetzt kommt er nicht als Wille zurück, jetzt kommt er als Gefühl zurück, welches in diesem Meer des Willens zurückflutet zu uns. Als Gefühl, welches in den Fluten des Willens zu uns zurückkommt, lebt unser eigenes Wesen ausgegossen in den Kosmos. Dadurch werden die Elementarwesen real für uns, dadurch nehmen wir allmählich immer mehr und mehr wahr, was wirklich da draußen an geistiger Außenwelt außer uns vorhanden ist.
Aber noch eine Seelenkraft muß aus uns herauskommen, die noch in viel tieferen Schichten der Seele schlummert als das fühlende Wollen oder wollende Fühlen: die kreative Seelenkraft, die wie ein inneres Seelenlicht ist, die hinausleuchten muß über die geistige Welt, damit wir nicht nur auf den Gefühlswogen, die da zurückkommen in dem Meer unseres Willens, schwimmend schauen die lebend webenden objektiven Gedankenwesen, sondern damit wir auch mit geistigem Licht diese geistige Welt durchleuchtet haben. Kreative geistige Leuchtekraft muß von unserer Seele hinausgehen in die geistige Welt. Die erwacht allmählich.
Sehen Sie, meine lieben Freunde, von dem fühlenden Wollen und wollenden Fühlen haben wir, während wir im physischen Leibe leben, wenigstens, ich möchte sagen, das Geschwisterpaar Fühlen und Wollen in uns differenziert. Zu zweien haben wir das, während es eine Einheit ist, wenn wir durch die Pforte des Todes durchgegangen sind. Diese kreative Seelenkraft, die wir wie ein Seelenlicht ausstrahlen in den geistigen Raum hinaus — wenn ich den Ausdruck «Raum» hier gebrauchen darf, denn es ist eigentlich kein Raum, aber man muß diese Verhältnisse in gewisser Weise dadurch zum Verständnis bringen, daß man sich bildlich ausdrückt -, dieses Seelenlicht schlummert tief unten in uns, weil es zusammenhängt mit dem, wovon wir im Leben nichts wissen dürfen und können. Ganz tief unten schlummert in uns während des Lebens im physischen Plan, was dann als Licht wie erlöst ist und dann die geistige Welt erleuchtet und erhellt. Was da von uns ausstrahlt, muß umgewandelt und verwendet werden während unseres physischen Lebens dazu, daß unser Leib wirklich lebt und Bewußtsein in sich bergen kann. Aber ganz unterhalb der Schwelle des Bewußtseins wirkt diese geistige Leuchtekraft in unserem physischen Leib als die Leben und Bewußtsein organisierende Kraft. Wir dürfen sie nicht ins Erdenbewußtsein hereinbringen, sonst würden wir unserem Leibe die Kraft rauben, die ihn durchorganisieren muß. Jetzt, wo wir keinen Leib zu versorgen haben, wird sie geistige Leuchtekraft und durchstrahlt und durchleuchtet und durchhellt und durchglitzert alles — die Worte bedeuten reale Wirklichkeiten.
So arbeiten wir uns allmählich hinein, in der geistigen Welt ebenso zuhaus zu werden, sie als eine Realität zu erleben, wie wir hier die physische Welt als eine Realität erleben. Wir arbeiten uns allmählich hinein, wirklich auch die toten Menschenseelen, insofern sie real leben in der geistigen Welt, als unsere Genossen in der geistigen Welt zu haben. Wir leben unter den Seelen, wie wir hier im physischen Leibe unter Leibern leben. Und indem man immer mehr und mehr vordringt in den eigentlichen inneren Geist der Geisteswissenschaft, wird die Behauptung, die jemand etwa tun wollte, daß wir nach dem Tode nicht mit all den Menschen, mit denen wir gelebt haben, wiederum zusammenkommen würden, diese Behauptung wird für den, der tiefer eindringt in die Sache, so töricht, wie für den physischen Plan die Behauptung töricht wäre, daß, wenn wir durch die Geburt hereintreten in diese Erde, wir keinen Menschen darin finden. Die Menschen sind eben um uns herum. Genau dasselbe ist es für den Kenner des geistigen Lebens, wie wenn jemand sagen wollte: Das Kind lebt sich in die Welt herein, aber Menschen sieht es nicht. Das ist ein offenbarer Unsinn. Ebenso ist es ein Unsinn, wenn gesagt wird: Wir finden, wenn wir uns in die geistige Welt hineinleben, nicht all die Seelen wieder, mit denen wir in Zusammenhang gestanden haben, und wir finden nicht Wesenheiten der höheren Hierarchien, die wir stufenweise kennenlernen, wie hier auf der Erde die Mineralien, Pflanzen und Tiere. Das aber ist der Unterschied, daß wir hier in der physischen Welt wissen: Indem wir die Dinge sehen, hören, kommt die Möglichkeit, sie zu sehen und zu hören durch die Sinne, von der Außenwelt. In der geistigen Welt, wissen wir, kommt diese Möglichkeit von uns, indem das, was wir Seelenlicht, Seelenleuchte nennen können, von unserer Seele ausstrahlt und die Dinge erhellt, erleuchtet und durchleuchtet.
So leben wir in die Zeit hinein, die man die erste Hälfte des Lebens zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt nennen kann. Indem wir in diese Zeit hineinleben, machen wir die zwei Zustände durch, von denen ich auch im öffentlichen Vortrag gesprochen habe, eine Zeit, die eben nach Jahren dauert, in der wir so, wie es geschildert worden ist, durch die Ausstrahlung unserer Seelenleuchtekraft mit der geistigen Welt zusammenhängen, in der wir also das schauen, was an Geistern und Seelen um uns herum ist. Das dämmert dann ab, wir fühlen: Du kannst jetzt immer weniger deine Seelenleuchtekraft entwickeln, du mußt es dämmeriger und immer finsterer werden lassen im geistigen Sinn. Dadurch siehst du immer weniger die geistigen Wesenheiten. Das wird immer mehr und mehr so, daß man abwechselt mit einer Zeit, in der man sich sagt: Da, um dich sind die Wesenheiten, aber du wirst immer einsamer, du hast nur deinen eigenen Seeleninhalt, und dieser Seeleninhalt wird in dem Maße reicher, in dem man aufhört, da draußen die Wesen beleuchten zu können. Es gibt Zeiten der geistigen Geselligkeit und Zeiten der geistigen Einsamkeit, in der ein Nacherleben dessen ist, was man in den Zeiten der geistigen Geselligkeiten erlebt hat, aber alles dann in der Seele: das schwingt ab und wechselt ab. So leben wir uns hinein in die geistige Welt: geistige Geselligkeit - geistige Einsamkeit. In den Zeiten geistiger Einsamkeit, da wissen wir: Was du sonst in der geistigen Welt rings um dich herum erlebt hast, das war ja alles da, von all dem weißt du, aber jetzt sind nur die Nachklänge davon in deinem Inneren. Man könnte sagen: Erinnerungen sind es in den Zeiten geistiger Einsamkeit. Allein, wenn man solche Worte gebraucht, trifft man die Sache nicht richtig. Ich will daher versuchen, es Ihnen noch von einer anderen Seite her zu schildern.
Es ist nicht so, als wenn man in der geistigen Dunkelheit, in der man nichts Geselliges hat, sich erinnern würde an das, was man früher in der geistigen Welt erlebt hat, sondern als wenn man das in jedem Augenblick frisch hervorbringen müßte: es ist ein fortwährendes inneres Schaffen. Aber man weiß: Während da draußen die Außenwelt ist, mußt du mit dir selber sein und schaffen und schaffen. Was du schaffst, ist die Welt, die da draußen dich umbrandet jenseits der Ufer deines eigenen Wesens.
Aber indem man so in der ersten Hälfte des Lebens zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt weiterlebt und sich der Mitte der Zeit zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt nähert, fühlt man das einsame Leben immer reicher werden und die Ausblicke auf die geistige Umgebung gleichsam kürzer und dämmeriger werden, bis die Zeit herankommt in der Mitte zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt, die ich versucht habe, in meinem letzten Mysterienspiel «Der Seelen Erwachen» als die Weltenmitternacht darzustellen, wo der Mensch das stärkste Leben in seinem Inneren hat, aber nicht mehr die kreative Seelenkraft, um seine geistige Umgebung zu beleuchten, wo sozusagen unendliche Welten aus unserem Inneren uns innerlich geistig erfüllen können, aber wir von anderem Sein als unserem eigenen Sein nichts wissen können. Das ist die Mitte in den Erlebnissen zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt: die Weltenmitternacht.
Nun beginnt die Zeit, in der im Menschen die Sehnsucht zu einer positiven schöpferischen Kraft wird. Denn obzwar wir ein Unendliches als ein inneres Leben haben, erwacht in uns die Sehnsucht, eine Außenwelt wieder zu haben. So verschieden sind die Verhältnisse der geistigen Welt von denen der physischen Welt, daß, während die Sehnsucht in der physischen Welt die passivste Kraft ist - wenn wir etwas haben, nach dem wir uns sehnen, so ist es dieses Etwas, was uns bestimmt -, ist das Gegenteil in der geistigen Welt der Fall. Da wird die Sehnsucht eine schöpferische Kraft, sie verwandelt sich in das, was jetzt als eine neue Art von Seelenlicht uns eine Außenwelt geben kann, eine Außenwelt, die aber doch eine Innenwelt ist, indem sich uns der Blick eröffnet auf unsere früheren Erdeninkarnationen. Die liegen jetzt, beleuchtet von dem aus unserer Sehnsucht heraus geborenen Licht, vor uns ausgebreitet. Es gibt im geistigen Kosmos eine Kraft, die aus der Sehnsucht heraus diesen Rückblick uns erleuchten und erleben lassen kann. Dazu ist aber in unserem gegenwärtigen Zeitenzyklus eines notwendig.
Ich habe Ihnen gesagt, in dieser ganzen Zeit der ersten Hälfte des Lebens zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt wechseln wir ab zwischen Innenleben und Außenleben, zwischen Einsamkeit und geistiger Geselligkeit. Die Verhältnisse der geistigen Welt sind zunächst so, daß jedesmal, wenn wir in dieser geistigen Welt wieder in unsere Einsamkeit zurückkommen, wir in unserer inneren Tätigkeit immer wiederum das vor unsere Seele bringen, was wir in der äußeren Welt durchlebt haben. Dadurch ist ein Bewußtsein vorhanden, das sich ausbreitet wie mit Schwingen der Unendlichkeit über die ganze geistige Welt. Die Schwingen ziehen sich wiederum zusammen in der Einsamkeit.
Aber eines müssen wir uns erhalten, das da vorhanden bleiben muß, gleichgültig, ob wir uns ausbreiten in die große geistige Welt oder uns zurückziehen. Bevor das Mysterium von Golgatha geschah, war es möglich, durch die Kräfte, durch die der Mensch mit den Urzeiten zusammengehangen hat, den festen Ich-Zusammenhalt zu haben, nicht zu verlieren diesen Ich-Zusammenhalt, das heißt, an das verflossene Erdenleben das eine als Erinnerung vollständig deutlich zurückzubehalten: man war auf der Erde in diesem Leben ein Ich. Das muß sich durchdehnen durch die Zeiten der Einsamkeit und der Geselligkeit. Vor dem Mysterium von Golgatha war durch die vererbten Kräfte dafür gesorgt. Jetzt kann dafür nur dadurch gesorgt werden, daß mit dem, was wir als unser Erdengut von uns losgelöst haben, was wir sich fernend empfunden haben gleich beim Verlassen des physischen Leibes, daß mit diesem eine Seelenerfüllung verbunden bleibt, die Seelenerfüllung, die wir dadurch haben können, daß der Christus ausgeflossen ist in die Erdenaura. Dieses Durchdrungensein mit dem Christus-Substantiellen, das ist es, was uns in der Gegenwart bei dem Übergang aus dem physischen Leben in den Tod die Möglichkeit gibt, bis zur Weltenmitternacht hin die Erinnerung an unser Ich zu bewahren trotz allen Ausbreitens in die geistige Welt, trotz allen Zusammenziehens in die Einsamkeit. Bis dahin reicht der Impuls, der von der Christus-Kraft ausgeht, so daß wir uns selber nicht verlieren. Dann aber muß aus der Sehnsucht heraus eine neue geistige Kraft unsere Sehnsucht zu einem neuen Licht anfachen. Diese Kraft ist nur im Geiste, im geistigen Leben vorhanden.
Meine lieben Freunde, es gibt in der physischen Welt die Natur und das diese Natur durchdringende Göttliche, aus dem wir in die physische Welt hineingeboren werden. Es gibt den Christus-Impuls, der in der Erdenaura, das heißt in der Aura der physischen Natur, vorhanden ist. Aber die Kraft, die in der Weltenmitternacht an uns herankommt, um unsere Sehnsucht leuchtend zu machen über unsere ganze Vergangenheit hin, die gibt es nur in der geistigen Welt, die gibt es nur da, wo keine Leiber leben können. Und hat uns der Christus-Impuls bis in die Weltenmitternacht gebracht, und ist die Weltenmitternacht in geistiger Einsamkeit von der Seele erlebt worden, weil das Seelenlicht jetzt nicht erstrahlen kann von uns selber aus, ist Weltenfinsternis eingetreten, hat uns der Christus bis dahin geführt, so tritt jetzt aus der Weltenmitternacht, aus unserer Sehnsucht, ein Geistiges heraus, erschaffend ein neues Weltenlicht, über unsere eigene Wesenheit hin ein Leuchten verbreitend, durch das wir uns neu ergreifen im Weltendasein, durch das wir neu erwachen im Weltendasein. Den Geist der geistigen Welt, der uns erweckt, wir lernen ihn kennen, indem aus der Weltenmitternacht ein neues Licht hervorleuchtet, über unsere verflossene Menschheit erstrahlend. In dem Christus sind wir gestorben - dutch den Geist, durch den leiblosen Geist, der mit einem technischen Wort der Heilige Geist genannt wird, das heißt, der ohne den Leib Lebende, denn das ist mit dem Wort «heilig» gemeint, ohne die Schwächen eines im Leibe lebenden Geistes, durch diesen Geist werden wir in unserer Wesenheit wiedererweckt aus der Weltenmitternacht heraus.
Durch den Heiligen Geist werden wir also in der Weltenmitternacht erweckt.
Per spiritum sanctum reviviscimus.
Fifth Lecture
It will now be my task to speak once more about the events between death and a new birth, but using the ideas we have gained in the last four lectures. Naturally, because this will have to be dealt with in a certain brevity, much of the comprehensive subject matter can only be hinted at, and much that perhaps does not follow from the pictorial presentation will have to be elaborated. But what our anthroposophical friends will not find complete today will become apparent in the course of further spiritual scientific knowledge.
When a human being has passed through the gate of death, they have laid down their physical body; the physical body is surrendered to the elements of the earth. In other words, it could also be said of him: The physical body has lifted itself out of the forces and laws that permeated it between birth and death and that are different from the purely chemical and physical laws to which it then succumbs as a physical body after death. From the point of view of the physical world, human beings naturally have the view that what remains of the human being on the physical plane is that which belongs to the physical plane. That which belongs to the physical plane is now also surrendered to the physical plane. For human beings themselves, however, and for all perceptions of the spiritual world, the point of view that the dead person, the human being who has passed through the gate of death, must have taken must be considered. For him, leaving the physical body is an inner process, a soul process; for those left behind, what happens to the physical body after death is an external process. The inner being of the human being, the human soul of the deceased, is no longer expressed in what remains as mortal remains. For the human being himself, however, who has passed through the gate of death, there is nevertheless something connected with leaving the body. It means an inner soul experience: you have left your physical body and left this physical body behind.
It is extremely difficult, I would say, to describe what is happening inside the human soul from the standpoint of the physical plane in a truly accurate manner. For it is an inner process that is fundamentally something immensely comprehensive, something immensely significant. It is an inner process that basically lasts only a short time, but is of universal significance for the whole of human life. Now, if one wanted to describe the content of the ideas that are going on in the soul, this content of ideas, which of course cannot be touched upon in a public lecture today, because it would shock the public too much — but perhaps the time will come — if one wanted to describe the external, that is, the spiritually external process of ideas, with which, so to speak, the path of life begins, running between death and a new birth, one could say that the person who has passed through the gate of death first has the feeling: You are now in a completely different relationship to the world than you were before, and the whole previous relationship you had to the world is basically reversed, radically reversed. One would actually have to describe it in the following way if one wanted to describe what is experienced in the imagination. One would have to say: The human being has lived on earth until his death, he has been accustomed during this time to standing on the solid, material earth, to seeing on this material earth the beings of the mineral, plant, and animal kingdoms, mountains, rivers, clouds, stars, the sun, and the moon, and he has become accustomed, through his own point of view and through the abilities available to him in his physical body, to imagine this whole thing as one imagines it, even though today, thanks to Copernicanism, we know that it is basically an illusion: Up there is the blue vault of heaven like a shell, with the stars on it, above which the sun and moon move, and so on. We ourselves are as if in this shell, in this hollow sphere, inside it, in the middle, on the earth, with what the earth shows us for our perception.
It is not important to us now that this is an illusion, that we ourselves form this blue circle around us only because of the limitations of our abilities, but rather that we cannot see anything else. We see what is only possible because of the limitations of our abilities; we see a blue sphere formed above us as the firmament. When a person has passed through the gate of death, the first thing they must do is form the concept of their soul: you are now outside the blue sphere in which you were. You see it from the outside, but as if it had shrunk to a star. At first, one has no awareness of the starry world into which one is actually spreading, but only an awareness of what one has left behind: that one has left the sphere of consciousness that one had in the physical body, that one has left behind everything that the human faculties developed in the physical body allowed one to see. Something similar to what would happen if, through conscious experience, a small cake inside an eggshell broke the shell and then looked at the broken eggshell that had previously enclosed it, its previous world, from the outside instead of from the inside, has actually happened, but in a spiritual sense. Of course, this idea is again Maya, which passes through the human soul, but it is a necessary Maya. As I said, what previously gave us the content of our consciousness has shrunk together like a star, except that from this star there spreads out what one might call radiant cosmic wisdom.
This radiant cosmic wisdom is the same thing I discussed yesterday in the last lecture, and which I said we have in abundance. It glows and sparkles toward us like a fiery star. Now it is not blue like the firmament, but fiery, glowing reddish, and radiating into space the fullness of wisdom, which first shows us—for it is completely mobile within itself—what could be called a tableau of memories of our last earthly life. All the events that we have gone through with our inner soul experience between birth and death, where we were consciously present, appear before our soul, but in such a way that we know: You see all this because the star shining before you is the background which, through its inner activity, causes you to see everything that spreads out as a tableau of memories. This is spoken more from the standpoint of imagination. From the standpoint of inner life, the experience is something like this: the person who has passed through the gate of death is now completely filled with the thought: Yes, you have left your body. Now, in the spiritual world, this body is pure will. A star of will, a star whose substance is will, that is your body. And this will glows with warmth and shines back to you in the vastness of the worlds into which you have now poured yourself, your own life between birth and death like a great tableau. And you owe it to the fact that you were able to dwell within this star that you were able to draw and absorb from the world everything that you had drawn and absorbed from the world on the physical plane. For this star, this star of will, which now forms the background, is the spiritual part of your physical body; this star of will is the spirit that permeates and energizes your physical body. What shines forth to you as wisdom is the activity, the mobility of your etheric body.
Time passes, as has already been characterized in the public lecture, and it actually only lasts for days, where one has the impression that life is playing out like a tableau of memories. Our thoughts, which have become our memories during our life on earth, roll by, as it were, in this tableau of memories, and they appear once again before our soul. And we can maintain this for as long as we have the strength to keep ourselves awake in our physical bodies under normal conditions. It does not matter how long we have remained awake in abnormal conditions during our lifetime; what matters is what powers we have within us to keep ourselves awake. For some, these forces are such that they can hardly stay awake through the night without being overcome by fatigue; for others, they can endure it longer without becoming tired. The length of time a person needs to complete this tableau of memories depends on the extent of these forces. But we also have the very clear inner awareness that, because the star of the will is in the background, what we have achieved in our last earthly life is contained in this tableau of memories; that it contains what has made us more mature, what we have, so to speak, carried out of death as something more than what we had as something less when we entered into our birth. We feel that what we can call the fruit of our last life would not remain as it was during the memory tableau, but would recede, as if it were going away, as if it were entering the future and disappearing into the future.
Today I will focus on what happens to the life between death and rebirth in the case of people who have reached a normal lifespan and died under normal circumstances. I will discuss exceptional cases in more detail tomorrow.
So our life fruit departs when we have attained it, and we know in our soul that this fruit is somehow present, but we have been left behind. We are conscious that we have remained at an earlier point in time, that the life fruit is quickly moving away, so that it arrives earlier at a later point in time, and we must follow it, this life fruit. What I have just said, this inner experience that the fruit of life dwells in the universe, that it is present, we must imagine this correctly, for this is what forms the basis for our consciousness, for the beginning of our consciousness after death. Our consciousness must always be stimulated by something, so to speak. When we wake up in the morning, our consciousness is rekindled—while we are unconscious during sleep—by our immersion in the physical body and by the fact that external things confront us, that something from outside acts upon us. In the circumstances immediately after death, this consciousness is stimulated by the inner feeling and experience of what is the fruit of our last life, what we have achieved and conquered. This is present, but present outside of us. Through this feeling and experience of our innermost earthly being outside of us, we have the first spark of consciousness after death, and this consciousness is enlivened.
Then begins the time when it is necessary for us to develop soul forces which must remain undeveloped during life on the physical plane because they are all used to organize the physical body and everything that belongs to it, the whole physical life, soul forces which must be transformed into something else during physical life. These forces must gradually awaken after death. Already during the days in which we experience the memory tableau, we can observe such an awakening of soul abilities. When the memory tableau gradually ebbs away and fades, this actually happens because during these days we are already developing those forces which underlie the faculty of memory but do not become conscious during physical life, precisely because during this physical life we have to transform them in order to be able to form memories. The last great memory that we have after death in the form of the tableau must first ebb away, it must gradually fade, and then, out of this fading, develops what we were not allowed to have consciously before death. For if we had had it consciously before 'death, the powers of memory could never have formed within us. Transformed into this ability to remember, the forces that now develop in the soul during the fading of the memory of the life tableau have emerged. These were transformed into the power of memory before death, and now they emerge as the ability to remember earthly thoughts in the usual way is overcome. This power of memory, transformed as it were into something spiritual, awakens in us as a first spiritual-soul force, which emerges from the human soul after death in the same way as the soul forces emerge in the growing child during the first weeks of life. As this soul force grows, we see that behind the thoughts that were only shadow images while we were on the physical plane, there is something living, that there is life and activity in the world of thoughts. We become aware that what we have within the physical body as our thought tableau is only a shadow image, that in truth it is a sum, an expansion of elemental beings. We see, as it were, our memories fading away and in their place we see a whole number of elemental beings awakening from the general cosmos of wisdom.
You might ask, my dear friends: Yes, but don't we lose that after death, when we overcome our power of memory and then have something else? We do not lose it, for we have ample compensation for it after death. Instead of remembering our thoughts as we did in life, we realize after death that these thoughts, which we had as memory thoughts in life, appear to us only as memories. Oh, this treasure of memory during life is something quite different from a mere treasure of memory! When we are out of the physical body, we see this whole treasure of memory as a living presence; then it is there. Every thought lives as an elemental being. We now know: You thought during your physical life; your thoughts appeared to you. But while you were under the delusion that you were forming thoughts, you created nothing but elemental beings. That is the new thing you have added to the whole cosmos. Now there is something that has been born into the spirit from you, now what your thoughts really were appears before you. One first learns to recognize what elemental beings are through direct observation, because one first learns to recognize those elemental beings that one has created oneself. This is the meaningful impression of the first period after death, that one has the memory tableau. But this begins to live, to live properly, and as it begins to live, it transforms into elemental beings. Now it shows its true face, so to speak, and its disappearance consists in its becoming something completely different. When we die at the age of sixty or eighty, for example, we no longer need the power of memory for any thought we may have had in the twentieth year of our life, because it is there as a living elemental being; it has been waiting, and we do not need to remember it. For if we had died at the age of forty, for example, the thought would only be twenty years old — and we can see that clearly. These elemental beings tell us themselves how long ago they were formed. Time becomes space. It stands before us in the living beings that show their own signatures of time. Time becomes the immediate present for these relationships.
We learn from these our own elemental beings, which we were already surrounded by in life, which we see in death, to know the nature of the elemental world in general, and thereby prepare ourselves to understand, through gradual observation, those elemental beings of the outer world which we did not create, but which exist without us in the spiritual cosmos. Through our own elemental creation we come to know the others. Just think how infinitely different this life between death and a new birth actually is from earthly life. The first thing that happens after birth is that the human being does not yet recognize himself. What he experiences as a very small child is experienced by others with him. He has been born, and the others, his parents, look at this newborn. After death, however, one does not look at oneself at first, but one looks at one's newborn as an external world. One looks at what is outside, what one has given birth to at the moment of death. Just as when a human being enters existence through physical birth, one is confronted with an incomprehensible external world and is actually a being that only wriggles and cries and laughs for others, so after 'death', after birth, one is initially in the spiritual world, which is death for the physical world, in such a way that one begins to be in the environment that one has given birth to oneself, that one erects around oneself because one has given birth to it. You have given birth to the world, whereas when you are born into the physical world, you are born of the world. This is how it is with our thoughts and with what becomes of our thoughts through memory, our treasure trove of memories.
It is different with what belongs to our sphere of feeling and will. In the first of the lectures here, I explained that what belongs to our sphere of feeling and will is not yet fully born in us, that will and feeling in a certain sense represent something that does not come to full birth. This becomes particularly apparent after death, for will and feeling, as they permeate the physical body, are still present after death. Thus, after some time, when the star of the will has departed with the fruits of its last earthly life, the human being lives in an elemental world that is his environment and to which he himself, so to speak, gives the basic tone through his transformed memories. The human being lives in this world within, which is actually what he is in the sense just explained, knowing that his feelings and will still live within him, that they now have a kind of memory, a kind of connection with his last earthly life. This lasts for decades. When we are in earthly life between birth and death, we enjoy and suffer, we live in passions, we develop impulses of will through the fact that we carry the feeling and willing soul in our body. But it is never the case that all the forces that lie in feeling and will can really come out through the body. Even when we reach the highest age, we still die in such a way that we could have enjoyed more, suffered more, developed more impulses of will. But what still remains in the soul in terms of possibilities of feeling and willing must first be overcome. As long as this is not completely overcome, we remain connected to the last earthly life through our desires. We look back, as it were, on this last earthly life. It is, as I have often called it in a trivial way, a kind of weaning from the connection with physical earthly life. Anyone who becomes even a little bit of a real spiritual researcher will very quickly get into the nature of this force that needs to be overcome, which actually takes decades to overcome, because it actually reveals itself relatively easily to spiritual research.
When we fall asleep every day from the experiences of the day, spending a time between falling asleep and waking up, then we are outside our body in our soul and spirit. We return because we have an urge in our soul and spirit to return, because we truly desire our body. We definitely long for our bodies, and anyone who can consciously experience waking up knows: you want to wake up and you have to want to wake up. There is an attraction in the spiritual-soul realm toward the body. This must gradually fade away and be completely overcome. This takes decades. It is the time in which we gradually overcome our connection with our last earthly life. This means that, with regard to the experiences after death in the time that is passing away, as I have just described, we must actually experience everything indirectly through our earthly life.
Now that the previous lectures have been given, I am in a position to describe various circumstances to you in greater detail than before, when I had to give a more general overview, because precise descriptions always require the concepts to be introduced first.
Let us assume that we have left a human being behind on earth and have ourselves passed through the gate of death. We are now in the period of time when we have acquired the ability to look into the elemental beings and to feel ourselves, so that we know that our earthly fruits have departed. But we are still connected to our last earthly life. Let us assume that we have left behind a person whom we loved very much when we passed through the gate of death. Yes, now after death we gradually come to see the elemental beings of others by becoming accustomed to them from our own elemental creations. Now we can find our way in and see the thoughts of others as elemental beings. We gradually learn to see this in our own elemental beings, and also in the other people we have left behind, to see what they are thinking, what thoughts are living in their souls; we see it. For it is expressed in the elemental beings that appear before our souls in powerful imaginations. In this way, we can now have much more connection with the inner life of the person concerned than we had with them in the physical world. For while we ourselves were in the physical body, we could not look at the thoughts of others; now we can. But we need, as it were, the memory of feeling — please pay close attention to this word — the memory of feeling, the emotional connection with our own last life on earth. We must feel, as it were, as we felt in the body, and this feeling must linger within us; then the relationship that we would otherwise have only as an image, as the thoughts of the other person appear to us, becomes animated. We thus gain a living connection through the detour of our feelings. And this is basically the case with everything.
You see, it is a process of working out of a state that can be characterized by saying: It is a time when we still have to draw strength from our last earthly life in order to enter into living relationships with our spiritual environment; we still have to be connected with this earthly life. We love the souls we have left behind, whose soul content appears to us as thoughts, as elemental beings, but we love them because we ourselves still live from the love we developed for them during our earthly life. It is unpleasant, I would almost say, to use such expressions, but some of you will understand me when I say: Earth life—not thought life—earth life as the content of the soul that we feel and that is permeated with impulses of will, with which we are still connected, becomes like a kind of electrical switch between our own individuality and what surrounds us spiritually. Like a kind of electrical switch: we perceive everything indirectly through our last earthly life. But only through what was feeling and willing in our last earthly life do we perceive what belongs to us in the spiritual world. It is really the case now that we feel ourselves continuing to live in time, like a kind of comet of time. Our earthly life is still there like a core, but the core develops into the near future a kind of tail that we live through. We are still connected to our earthly life insofar as it is filled with feeling and will. In the innermost part of our soul, something must emerge from this experience, as I have described to you, something that is not immediately feeling and will. For the soul forces that we develop here in the physical world, including the power of feeling, as we have it in the physical world as the power of feeling, and the power of will, as we have it in the physical world as the power of will, we have in this form because we live in the physical body. When the soul no longer lives in the physical body, it must develop other abilities which lie dormant during physical life. While the echoes of feeling and will continue to work within it for years, it must mature from this connection what it can now use for the spiritual world in this respect, powers which I have described as something like a feeling desire or a desiring feeling. We know that our feelings and our will are located within our soul. But after death, we have basically nothing of such feelings and desires as they exist in our soul; they must gradually fade and dull, and this is what they do after years. But during this fading and dulling, something must develop from feeling and will, something of which we have something after death.
Our thoughts live outside us as elemental beings. We would have nothing of the feelings and will that lived within us for this world, which is ourselves and which is out there. We must gradually develop a will—and we do develop it—which flows out from us, pours out of us, and ebbs and flows toward where our living thoughts are. It permeates them because the feeling that is only within us in physical life floats on the waves of the will. The feeling floats on the waves of the will; out there, the sea of our will surges and swells, and the feeling floats on it. Namely, it floats when the will encounters an elemental being of thought, and then, through this collision of the will with the elemental beings of thought, a glimmer of feeling occurs, and we perceive as a real reality of the spiritual world this being thrown back by our will.
Let me put it this way: Let us assume that there is an elemental being in the spiritual world outside. When we have worked our way out of the state we must first go through, our will, which now flows out of us, surges toward the elemental being. Where it encounters the elemental being, it is thrown back: now it does not return as will, but as feeling, which flows back to us in this sea of will. As feeling returning to us in the floods of will, our own being lives poured out into the cosmos. In this way, the elemental beings become real to us, and we gradually perceive more and more of what really exists out there in the spiritual world outside of us.
But another soul force must emerge from within us, one that lies dormant in much deeper layers of the soul than feeling will or willing feeling: the creative soul force, which is like an inner soul light that must shine out over the spiritual world so that we do not merely float on the waves of feeling that return to the sea of our will, watching the living, weaving objective thought beings, but so that we also illuminate this spiritual world with spiritual light. Creative spiritual light must emanate from our soul into the spiritual world. It awakens gradually.
You see, my dear friends, while we live in the physical body, we have at least differentiated between the feeling will and the willing feeling, or, I would say, between the siblings feeling and willing. We have these two, while they are one when we have passed through the gate of death. This creative soul power, which we radiate like a soul light into the spiritual space — if I may use the expression “space” here, for it is not really space, but one must express these relationships in a certain way in order to understand them — this soul light slumbers deep within us because it is connected with that which we cannot and must not know in life. Deep within us, during our life on the physical plane, lies dormant that which then emerges as light, as if redeemed, and illuminates and enlightsens the spiritual world. What radiates from us must be transformed and used during our physical life so that our body can truly live and contain consciousness. But just below the threshold of consciousness, this spiritual light works in our physical body as the force that organizes life and consciousness. We must not allow it to enter our earthly consciousness, otherwise we would rob our body of the force that must organize it. Now that we have no body to sustain, it becomes spiritual light energy and radiates, illuminates, and glitters through everything — the words mean real realities.
In this way we gradually work our way into becoming at home in the spiritual world, experiencing it as a reality just as we experience the physical world here as a reality. We gradually work our way into truly having the dead human souls, insofar as they live really in the spiritual world, as our companions in the spiritual world. We live among souls as we live here in physical bodies among bodies. And as one penetrates more and more into the actual inner spirit of spiritual science, the assertion that someone might want to make, that after death we will not be reunited with all the people with whom we have lived, becomes, for those who penetrate more deeply into the matter, as foolish as the assertion would be on the physical plane that when we enter this earth through birth, we find no human beings in it. Human beings are all around us. It is exactly the same for those who know spiritual life as if someone were to say: The child lives its way into the world, but it does not see human beings. That is obvious nonsense. It is equally nonsense to say that when we live our way into the spiritual world, we do not find all the souls with whom we have been connected, and we do not find beings of the higher hierarchies, whom we gradually get to know, as we do here on earth with minerals, plants, and animals. But the difference is that here in the physical world we know that When we see and hear things, the possibility of seeing and hearing them comes through the senses, from the outside world. In the spiritual world, we know that this possibility comes from us, in that what we can call soul light, soul radiance, emanates from our soul and illuminates, enlightens, and shines through things.
Thus we live into the time that can be called the first half of life, between death and a new birth. As we live through this time, we go through the two states I also spoke about in the public lecture, a time that lasts for years, in which, as has been described, we are connected to the spiritual world through the radiation of our soul light, in which we see the spirits and souls around us. This then fades away, and we feel that we are less and less able to develop our soul light, that we must allow it to become dimmer and dimmer in the spiritual sense. As a result, we see the spiritual beings less and less. This becomes more and more the case, so that you alternate with a time when you say to yourself: There, the beings are around you, but you are becoming more and more lonely, you only have your own soul content, and this soul content becomes richer to the extent that you cease to be able to illuminate the beings out there. There are times of spiritual sociability and times of spiritual solitude, in which there is a reliving of what one experienced during the times of spiritual sociability, but then everything is in the soul: it vibrates and changes. This is how we live our way into the spiritual world: spiritual sociability—spiritual solitude. In times of spiritual solitude, we know: What you have otherwise experienced in the spiritual world around you was all there, you know all about it, but now only the echoes of it remain within you. One could say that these are memories in times of spiritual solitude. However, when one uses such words, one does not really hit the mark. I will therefore try to describe it to you from another angle.
It is not as if, in spiritual darkness, where you have no social life, you remember what you experienced earlier in the spiritual world, but rather as if you had to bring it forth anew at every moment: it is a continuous inner creation. But you know that while the outside world is out there, you have to be with yourself and create and create. What you create is the world that surrounds you out there, beyond the shores of your own being.
But as one continues to live in this way during the first half of life, between death and a new birth, and approaches the middle of the time between death and a new birth, one feels that the lonely life is becoming ever richer and the views of the spiritual environment are becoming shorter and dimmer, until the time approaches in the middle between death and a new birth, which I have tried to depict in my last mystery play, “The Awakening of Souls,” as the midnight of the worlds, where human beings have the strongest life within themselves, but no longer the creative soul power to illuminate their spiritual environment, where, so to speak, infinite worlds from within us can fill us spiritually, but we can know nothing of other beings than our own being. This is the middle point in the experiences between death and a new birth: the midnight of the worlds.
Now begins the time when the longing in human beings becomes a positive creative force. For although we have an infinite inner life, the longing to have an outer world again awakens in us. The conditions of the spiritual world are so different from those of the physical world that, while longing is the most passive force in the physical world—when we have something we long for, it is this something that determines us—the opposite is true in the spiritual world. There, longing becomes a creative force; it transforms into what can now give us an external world as a new kind of soul light, an external world that is nevertheless an internal world, in that it opens our view to our former incarnations on Earth. These now lie spread out before us, illuminated by the light born of our longing. There is a force in the spiritual cosmos that can enlighten us and allow us to experience this retrospective view out of our longing. However, one thing is necessary for this in our present cycle of time.I have told you that during this entire period of the first half of life, between death and a new birth, we alternate between inner life and outer life, between loneliness and spiritual sociability. The conditions of the spiritual world are such that every time we return to our loneliness in this spiritual world, we always bring back into our inner activity what we have experienced in the outer world. This creates a consciousness that spreads like the wings of infinity over the entire spiritual world. These wings then contract again in solitude.
But there is one thing we must preserve, which must remain in place, regardless of whether we expand into the great spiritual world or withdraw. Before the mystery of Golgotha, it was possible, through the forces that connected human beings with primeval times, to have a firm ego cohesion, not to lose this ego cohesion, that is, to retain completely clearly as a memory the one thing from past earthly life: that one was an I on earth in this life. This must extend through the times of solitude and sociability. Before the mystery of Golgotha, this was ensured by inherited forces. Now this can only be ensured by means of what we have detached from ourselves as our earthly possessions, what we felt distancing itself from us as soon as we left the physical body, namely that a soul fulfillment remains connected with this, the soul fulfillment that we can have through the fact that Christ has flowed out into the earth's aura. This permeation with the Christ substance is what gives us, in the present, at the transition from physical life to death, the possibility of preserving the memory of our I until the midnight of the world, despite all our spreading out into the spiritual world, despite all our contracting into loneliness. The impulse emanating from the Christ force extends until then, so that we do not lose ourselves. But then, out of our longing, a new spiritual force must kindle our longing for a new light. This force is only present in the spirit, in spiritual life.
My dear friends, in the physical world there is nature and the divine that permeates this nature, from which we are born into the physical world. There is the Christ impulse that is present in the earth's aura, that is, in the aura of physical nature. But the power that comes to us at the midnight of the world to make our longing shine brightly over our entire past exists only in the spiritual world, where no bodies can live. And if the Christ impulse has brought us to the midnight of the world, and if the midnight of the world has been experienced by the soul in spiritual solitude, because the soul light cannot now shine forth from ourselves, if world darkness has set in, if Christ has led us thus far, then now, out of the midnight of the world, out of our longing, a spiritual being emerges, creating a new world light, spreading a glow over our own being, through which we take hold of ourselves anew in the world existence, through which we awaken anew in the world existence. We get to know the spirit of the spiritual world that awakens us when a new light shines forth from the midnight of the world, shining over our past humanity. In Christ we died—through the spirit, through the bodiless spirit, which is called the Holy Spirit in technical terms, that is, the one who lives without the body, for that is what is meant by the word “holy,” without the weaknesses of a spirit living in the body. Through this spirit we are reawakened in our being from the midnight of the world.
Through the Holy Spirit, we are thus awakened in the midnight of the world.
Per spiritum sanctum reviviscimus.