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Life Between Death and Rebirth
GA 140

3 November 1912, Vienna

4. Recent Results of Occult Investigation into Life between Death and Rebirth

It affords me great pleasure to be with you this evening on the occasion of my presence here in Vienna, which was necessitated by certain other circumstances. As this is a special meeting, I would like to speak about more intimate matters that can only be dealt with in smaller groups long acquainted with spiritual science.

In occult research one cannot check often enough the facts one has repeatedly investigated, and about which one has spoken, for they are facts of the spiritual world that is not easily accessible and comprehensible to man. There is a constant danger of misinterpreting in one way or another, and events may be viewed incorrectly. This is the reason the results obtained must be checked again and again. The principal events of life in the spiritual world have, of course, been known for thousands of years, yet it is difficult to describe them. I am deeply grateful that recently I had the opportunity to concern myself more intimately again with an important aspect of occultism, namely, the realm of life between death and a new birth. It is not so much that new facts come to light, but that one has the possibility to present things in a more exact and accurate way. So today I would like to speak of the period that for super-sensible perception is of the utmost importance, that is, the period between death and rebirth. I will not deal so much with the period immediately following death, the kamaloca period, descriptions of which can be found in my writings, but with the succeeding period, the actual sojourn of man in the spiritual world between death and rebirth. This description will be prefaced briefly by the following remarks.

One learns to know the period between death and rebirth either by initiation or by going through the portal of death. Mostly one does not take sufficiently seriously the difference that exists between knowledge acquired in the sense world by means of our senses and intellect and knowledge acquired of the spiritual world, either through initiation in a physical body in this life or without this body when we have gone through the gate of death. In a sense, everything is reversed in the spiritual world. I will refer to two characteristics to show how fundamentally different are the spiritual world and the normal sense world.

Let us consider our existence in the sense world during waking consciousness from morning until night. The objects we perceive by means of our eyes and ears come to us. Only in the higher realms of life, so to speak, in the spheres of knowledge and art, do we have to exert ourselves to participate in drawing things towards us. Apart from this, in the rest of outer life everything from morning until night that impinges on our senses and our intellect is brought to us. Wherever we go, in the street, in the daily round of life, every moment is filled with impressions, and apart from the exceptions mentioned we make no effort to bring them about. They come about of their own accord.

It is different as regards what happens through us in the physical world. Here we have to be active, move from place to place, be on the go. It is an important characteristic of daily life that what is presented to our perception comes to us without our activity. However grotesque it may appear, the opposite is true in the spiritual world. There one cannot be active, one cannot draw anything towards one by moving from one place to another. Nor can one bring anything to one simply by moving a limb—by the movement of a hand, for example. Above all, for something to happen in the spiritual world it is essential that there be absolute calmness of soul.

The quieter we are, the more can happen through us in the spiritual world. We simply cannot say that anything happens in the spiritual world as a result of hurry and excitement. We need to develop loving participation in a mood of soul calmness for what is to happen, and then wait patiently to see how things come to pass. This calmness of soul, which in the spiritual world is creative, does not quite have its equal in ordinary physical life. It is similar on higher levels of earthly existence to the sphere of knowledge and of the arts. Here we have something analogous. The artist who cannot wait will not be able to create the highest he is capable of. For this, he needs patience and inner calmness of soul until the right moment dawns, until the intuition comes. One who seeks to create according to a schedule will produce only works of inferior quality. He who seeks to create, be it the smallest work, prompted by an outer stimulus will not succeed as well as if he had waited quietly with loving devotion for the moment of inspiration. We might say for the moment of grace. The same is true of the spiritual world. In it there is no rush and excitement but only calmness of soul.

Fundamentally, this must also be the way with the growth of our movement. Propaganda campaigns and a desire to force spiritual science on our fellow men are useless. It is best if we can wait until we meet those who inwardly need to hear about the spirit, who are drawn to it. We should not nurture longings to bring everyone to spiritual science. We shall find that the calmer we are, the more people will come to us, whereas forceful propaganda merely puts people off. Public lectures are held only in order that what has to be said should be said and those who wish to receive what is communicated can do so. Our attitude within our spiritual scientific movement must be a reflection of the spiritual so that what has to happen can happen and is awaited with inner silence.

Let us consider an initiate who knew that something was to happen at a particular time out of the spiritual world. I have often drawn attention to an important event that had its origin in the spiritual world but which does not yet reveal itself in a marked way. I refer to the year 1899, the end of the small Kali Yuga. That year brought a certain impulse that was to give mankind the possibility of an inner soul-awakening. In earlier times it was produced by external stimuli from the spiritual world, usually denoted as chance occurrences.

I would like to relate a particular instance. In the twelfth century there lived a certain personality named Norbert, who founded an order. At first he led a worldly, dissolute life. Then one day he was struck by lightning. Such events are by no means rare in history. A flash of lightning can have the effect of shaking up the physical and ether bodies. His whole life was changed. Here we have an example of how an outer happening is used by the spiritual world to alter the course of a man's life. Such chance phenomena are not uncommon. They completely shake up the connection between the physical and ether bodies and radically transform the individual concerned. That was the case in this instance. It is not a question of coincidence. Such events are carefully prepared in the spiritual world so as to bring about a change in a person. Since the year 1899, however, such happenings have taken on a more intimate character. They are less outward and the human soul is deepened more and more inwardly. In fact, in order to produce such a universal revolution as that of 1899, not only all the powers and beings of the spiritual world had to cooperate, but also the initiates who lived on earth. They do not say, “Prepare yourselves.” They do not shout it in people's ears, but they act in such a way that the impulse comes from within so that people learn to understand it from within. Then people remain inwardly calm, concern themselves with such thoughts, allow them to work within the soul, and wait. The more quietly such thoughts are carried in the soul, the more strongly such spiritual events occur. The most important thing is to wait the moment of grace, to wait for what will happen to us in the spiritual world.

It is different in regard to the acquisition of knowledge in everyday life. Here we have to gather things together to work and exert ourselves in order to obtain it. In the physical world the rose we find along the wayside gladdens us. This would not happen on the spiritual plane. There something similar to a rose would not appear unless we had exerted ourselves to enter a particular realm of the spirit in order to draw it towards us. In fact, what we have to do here to act, we do in the spiritual world in order to know, and what has to happen through us has to be awaited in stillness. Only the higher activities of man, where the spiritual world weaves into the physical, afford a reflection of the events in the spiritual world. That is why it is essential, if one wishes inwardly to understand what is imparted by spiritual science, to develop two qualities of soul. Firstly, love for the spiritual world, which leads to an active grasping of the spirit and is the surest way of enabling us to bring the things of the spirit towards us, and secondly, inner rest, a calmness of soul, a silence free from vanity or ambition anxious to attain results, but capable of receiving grace, able to await inspiration. In actual cases this patient expectation is not easy, but there is a thought that can help us to overcome obstacles. It is difficult to accept because it strikes so deeply against our vanity. This thought is that in the universal pattern it is of no importance whether something happens through us or through another person. This should not deter us from doing everything that has to be done. It should not prevent us from performing our duty, but it should keep us from hurrying to and fro. How glad every individual feels that he is capable, that he can do it. A certain resignation is necessary for us to feel equally glad when someone else can and does do something. One should not love something because one has done it oneself, but love it because it is in the world irrespective of whether he or someone else has done it. If we repeatedly ponder this thought it will lead most certainly to selflessness. Such moods of soul are essential to enter into the spiritual world, not only as an investigator but also to understand what has been discovered. These inner attitudes are far more important than visions, although they, too, have to be present. They are essential because they enable us to evaluate the visions rightly.

Visions! One need only mention the word and everybody knows what is meant by it. Actually, the whole of our life after death once kamaloca is over consists of visions. When the human being has gone through the gate of death and kamaloca and then enters the actual spiritual world, he lives in a realm in which it is as if he were surrounded from all sides by mere visions, but visions that are mirror-images of reality. In fact we can say that just as we perceive the physical world by means of colors that the eye conjures forth for us, and sounds mediated by the ear, we experience the spiritual world after death by means of visions in which we are enveloped.

Now, as I wish to speak more intimately of these things, I shall have to use a more descriptive form. Certain things may sound rather strange, but that is how they reveal themselves to genuine spiritual investigation.

The kamaloca period unfolds as I have described it in my book, Theosophy, but it can be characterized also in a different way. One may for instance ask, “When a person has gone through the gate of death, where does he feel himself to be?” One can answer this question by asking, “Where is man during his kamaloca period?” This can be expressed spatially in words that express our physical world. Imagine the space between the earth and the moon, the spherical space described when the orbit of the moon is taken as the outermost path away from the earth. Then you have the realm in which man, loosened from the earth, dwells during the kamaloca period.

It may sound strange, but when the kamaloca period has been completed, a human being leaves this sphere and enters the actual celestial world. Also in this connection, accurate and genuine investigation shows that things are reversed in relation to the physical plane. Here we are bound outwardly to the earth, surrounded by the physical world and separated from the heavenly spheres. After death the earth is separated from us and we are united with the heavenly spheres. As long as we dwell within the Moon sphere we are in kamaloca, which means that we are still longing to be connected with the earth. We proceed beyond it when we have learned through life in kamaloca to forego passions and longings. The sojourn in the spiritual world must be imagined quite differently from what is customary on earth. There we are spread out in space, we feel ourselves in the whole of space. That is why the experience, be it of an initiate or of a person after death, is one of feeling oneself spread out in space, expanding after death (or as an initiate) and being limited by the Moon orbit as by a skin. It is like this and it is of no avail to use words our contemporaries would more easily forgive because by doing so one would not express the facts more correctly. In public lectures such shocking things have to be left out, but for those who have concerned themselves with spiritual science for a longer time it is best to say things plainly.

After the life in kamaloca we grow further out into space. This will depend on certain qualities that we have acquired previously on the earth. A long span of our evolution after death, and our ability to expand to the next sphere, is determined by the moral attitude, the ethical concepts and feelings we developed on earth. A person who has developed qualities of compassion and love—qualities that are usually termed moral—lives into the next sphere so that he becomes acquainted with the beings of that sphere. A man who brings a lack of morality into this realm dwells in it like a hermit. It may be best characterized by saying that morality prepared for us living socially together in the spiritual world. We are condemned to a fearful loneliness, filled with a continual longing to get to know others without being able to do so, as a result of a lack of morality in the physical world of the heart as well as of the mind and will. Either as a hermit or as a sociable being who is a blessing in the spiritual world, do we dwell in this second sphere known in occultism as that of Mercury. Today in ordinary astronomy this is known as the Venus sphere. As has often been mentioned, the names have been reversed.

Now man's being expands up to the orbits of the morning and the evening stars, whereas previously it expanded only to the Moon. Something strange happens at this point. Until the Moon sphere we are still involved in earthly matters is not entirely severed. We still know what we have done on the earth, what we have thought. Just as here we can remember, so we know there. But recollection may be painful! On earth if we have done a person some injustice or have not loved him as much as we should, we can make up for these feelings. We can go to him and put things right. This is no longer possible from the Mercury sphere onward. We behold the relationships in recollection. They remain but we cannot alter them.

Let us assume that a person has died before us. According to the earthly connection we should have loved him, but did not do so as much as we should have done. We meet him again since we were related to him previously because after death we do in fact encounter all the people with whom we were connected. To begin with, this cannot be altered. We reproach ourselves with not having loved him enough, but we are incapable of changing our soul-disposition so as to love him more. What has been established on the earth remains. We cannot alter it. These facts relating to the correct, unchangeable perception of love made a strong impression on me during my recent investigations this summer. Much comes to light that eludes most people. I wanted to convey this to you.

One learns to know these strange facts by means of spiritual cognition. One lives in the Mercury sphere in former relationships with people, and they cannot be altered. One looks back and unfolds what one has already developed.

Although I have concerned myself a great deal with Homer, yet a particular passage became fully clear only during recent occult investigations when the facts described came powerfully to me. It is the passage in which Homer calls the realm after death, “the land of the shades where nothing can change.” It can be understood by the intellect but what the poet seeks to convey about the spiritual world, how he speaks as a prophet, that one only learns to know when the corresponding discovery has been made by means of spiritual research. This is true of every genuine artist. He need not understand with his everyday consciousness what comes to him in inspiration. What humanity has received through its artists in the course of centuries will not fade because of the spreading of our spiritual movement. On the contrary, art will be deepened and mankind will value all the more its true artists when, as a result of occult investigation, the spiritual realm is reached—the realm out of which the artist has drawn his inspiration. Of course, those who at one time or another have been regarded as important artists but are not truly great will not be singled out. Passing greatness will be recognized for what it is. It contains no inspiration from the spiritual world.

The next sphere is termed the Venus sphere in occultism. We now expand our being up to Mercury, which is known as the occult Venus. In this sphere the human being again is strongly influenced by what he brings. He who has something to bring becomes a social being, and he who has nothing to give is condemned to loneliness. A lack of religious inclination is dreadfully painful. The more religious the disposition of soul we have acquired, the more social we become in this sphere. People who lack religious inclination cut themselves off. They cannot move beyond a sheath or shell that surrounds them. Nevertheless, we get to know friends who are hermits, but we cannot reach them. We continually feel as if we have to break through a shell but are incapable of doing so. In the Venus sphere, if we have no religious inwardness, it is as if we were to freeze up.

This is followed by a sphere in which, however strange it may appear, the human being, and this is so for everyone after death, expands up to the Sun. In the not too distant future different concepts will be held about the heavenly bodies from those adhered to by astronomy today. We are connected with the Sun. There is a period between death and rebirth when we become Sun beings. But now something further is necessary. In the first sphere we need moral inclination and in the Venus sphere, a religious life. In the Sun sphere it is essential that we truly know the nature and being of the Sun spirits and above all, the ruling Sun Spirit, the Christ, and that we made a connection with Him on earth.

When mankind still possessed an ancient clairvoyance, this, with the Christ connection, was established by living into the divine grace of the past. This has vanished and the Mystery of Golgotha, prepared by the Old Testament, was there to bring an understanding of the Sun Being to man. Since the Mystery of Golgotha mankind has naively endeavored to draw towards the Christ. Today this no longer suffices. In our time spiritual science must bring an understanding of the Sun Being to the world. It was clearly understood for the first time during the Middle Ages when the Grail Saga found its deeper origin in Europe. Through the understanding given by means of spiritual science what was brought by the lofty Sun Spirit, by the Christ, the Christ Who came down and through the Mystery of Golgotha has become the Spirit of the earth will be retrieved.

The impulse given by the Mystery of Golgotha is destined through spiritual science to unite all religious creeds in peace over the whole earth. It remains the basic challenge of spiritual science to treat all religions with equal attention without giving preference to any of them for outer reasons. Because we place the Mystery of Golgotha at the fulcrum of world evolution, our movement is accused of giving a preference to the Christian religion. Yet this accusation is quite unjustified. Let us understand how matters really stand with such accusations. If a Buddhist or Brahman were to accuse us of this we would say, “Is the only issue what is to be found in sacred writings? Providing one does not reject a religion, is what is not to be found in its books to the detriment of a religion? Cannot every Buddhist accept the Copernican system and yet remain a Buddhist?” To be able to do so is a sign of progress for humanity at large. So is the knowledge that the Mystery of Golgotha stands in the center of the evolution of the world, irrespective of whether it is mentioned in ancient writings or not.

If we understand the Mystery of Golgotha, and realize what happened there, then in the Sun sphere we become sociable spirits. As soon as we have gone beyond the Moon sphere, we are spiritually surrounded by visions. On encountering a deceased friend after death we meet him in the form of a vision, but he dwells in this reality. They are visions, nevertheless, built up on the basis of recollections of what we have done on earth.

Later, beyond the Moon sphere, this is still the case but now the spiritual beings of the higher hierarchies illumine us. It is as if the Sun rose and irradiated the clouds in the Sun sphere. Just as we only learn to know the spiritual hierarchies in the Mercury sphere if we have a religious inclination, so in the Sun sphere we must be permeated by a Jehovah-Christian mood of soul. The outer spiritual beings approach us. Again something remarkable occurs, confirmed by objective occult research. Beyond the Moon the human being is like a cloud woven out of spirit, and when he enters the Mercury sphere, he is illumined by spiritual beings. That is why the Greeks called Mercury the messenger of the Gods. In this sphere lofty spiritual beings illumine man. We gather mighty impressions when we unfold out of the realm of occult investigation what has been given to humanity in the form of art and mythology.

So, Christ-filled, we live into the Sun sphere. As we proceed we enter into a realm where the Sun is now below us, as previously was the earth. We look back towards the Sun, and this is the beginning of something strange. We become aware that we have to recognize yet another being, the spirit of Lucifer.

The nature of Lucifer cannot be rightly evaluated after death unless we have previously done so by means of spiritual science or initiation. It is only when we arrive beyond the Sun sphere that we recognize him as he was before he became Lucifer, when he was still a brother of Christ. Lucifer changed only in the course of time because he remained behind and severed himself from the stream of cosmic progress. His harmful influence does not extend beyond the Sun sphere. Above this there is still another sphere where Lucifer can unfold his activity as it was before the severance. He does not unfold anything harmful there, and if we have united ourselves rightly with the Mystery of Golgotha, we journey onward led by Christ and are rightly received by Lucifer into yet further spheres of the universe. The name Lucifer was correctly chosen, as indeed names were wisely given in olden times. The Sun is below us and so is the light of the Sun. Now we need a new light-bearer who illumines our path into the universe.

Thus, we arrive in the Mars sphere. As long as we dwelt below the Sun, we gazed towards the Sun. The Sun is now below us, and we look out into the widths of universal space. We experience the widths of universal space through what is often referred to but little understood as the harmony of the spheres, a kind of spiritual music. The visions in which we are enveloped hold less and less significance for us. Increasingly what we hear spiritually grows meaningful. The heavenly bodies do not appear as they do in earthly astronomy that measures their relative speeds. In fact, the faster or slower sounding together produces the tones of the music of the spheres. Inwardly the human being feels increasingly that only what he has received of the spirit on earth remains for him in this sphere. This enables him to make the acquaintance of the beings of this sphere and retain his sociability. People who cut themselves off from the spiritual nowadays cannot enter the spiritual world in spite of their moral inclination and religious disposition. Nothing can be done about it, although it is of course possible that such people draw near to the spirit in the next incarnation.

Without exception all materialistically inclined people become hermits once they have gone beyond the Sun into the Mars sphere. It may sound foolish, yet it is true that the Monistic Union will not survive once its adherents have reached the Sun sphere because, as each of them is a hermit, they cannot possibly meet.

A person who has acquired spiritual understanding on earth will have yet another experience on Mars. As we are speaking more intimately today, I shall relate it. The question can be put within our own world conception that we develop as spiritual science in the western world. What has happened to Buddha since his last earthly incarnation? I have mentioned this on previous occasions. Buddha lived as Gautama during his last incarnation six hundred years B.C. If you have studied my lectures carefully you will recall that he has worked since on another occasion when he did not incarnate as Buddha, but only worked spiritually at the birth of the Luke Christ-child. Spiritually he sent his influence from higher spheres unto the earth. But where is he? In Sweden at Norrköping I drew attention to yet another influence of the Buddha on the earth. During the eighth century at a Mystery Center in Europe on the Black Sea, Buddha lived spiritually in one of his disciples. This disciple was later to become Francis of Assisi. So Francis of Assisi was in his previous incarnation a pupil of Buddha and absorbed all the qualities necessary for him to work later in the extraordinary way he did. In many respects his followers cannot be distinguished from those of Buddha, except that the ones were disciples of Buddha and others were Christian. This was due to the fact that in his previous incarnation he was a pupil of Buddha, of the spiritual Buddha. But where is the actual Buddha, the one who lived as Gautama? He became for Mars what Christ has become for the earth. He accomplished a kind of Mystery of Golgotha for Mars and brought about the extraordinary redemption of the Mars inhabitants. He dwells there among them. His earthly life was the right preparation in order to redeem the Mars inhabitants, but his redeeming deed was not quite like the Mystery of Golgotha. It was somewhat different.

Spiritually, man lives in the Mars sphere as indicated. Then he proceeds further and lives into the Jupiter sphere. His connection with the earth, which up until now still continued slightly, has become quite meaningless. The Sun still has a limited influence on him, but now the Cosmos begins to work powerfully upon him. Everything is now working from outside, and man receives cosmic influences. The entire Cosmos works through the harmony of the spheres, which assumes even other forms the further we investigate life between death and rebirth. It is not easy to characterize the change that occurs in the harmony of the spheres. As it cannot be expressed in words, we may use an analogy. The harmony of the spheres transforms itself in the passage from Mars to Jupiter as orchestral music would change into choral music. Jupiter as orchestral music would change into choral music. It becomes increasingly tone, filled with meaning, expressive of its actual being. The harmony of the spheres receives content as we ascend into the sphere of Jupiter, and in the Saturn sphere full content is bestowed upon it as the expression of the Cosmic Word out of which everything has been created and which is found in the Gospel of St. John, “In the beginning was the Word.” In this Word cosmic order and cosmic wisdom sound forth.

Now the one who is prepared proceeds into other spheres—the spiritual person farther, the less spiritual not so far—but he comes into quite a different condition from the previous one. One might characterize it thus. Beyond Saturn a spiritual sleep begins, whereas during the previous stages one was spiritually awake. From now onward consciousness is dimmed, man dwells in a benumbed condition that makes it possible for him to undergo still other experiences. Just as in sleep we do away with tiredness and gather new forces, so as a result of the dimming of consciousness, when we have become a fully expanded spatial sphere, spiritual forces stream in from the cosmos. First we have sensed it, then we have heard it as a universal orchestra. Then it has sung forth and we have perceived it as the Word. Then we fall asleep and it penetrates us. During this period we again travel through all the spheres, but with a dimmed consciousness. Our consciousness becomes ever dimmer. We now contract, quickly or slowly according to our karma, and during this process of contraction we come once more under the influence of the forces emanating from the Sun system. We journey back from sphere to sphere through the cosmos. Now we are not sensitive to influence from the Moon sphere. We proceed, unaffected, unhampered, as it were, and continue to contract until we unite ourselves with the small human germ that goes through its development before birth.

Unless physiology and embryology receive their facts from occult investigation, they cannot contain the truth, for the embryo is a reflection of the vast cosmos. The whole cosmos is carried within it. The human being carries as a potential power within him what happens physically between conception and birth, and also what he undergoes during the period of cosmic sleep.

Here we touch upon a wonderful mystery. It actually only has been indicated or portrayed in our time by artists. In the future it will be understood better. We shall come to experience what really lives in the Tristan story, in the Tristan mood. We shall understand that the whole cosmos streams into the love of Tristan and Isolde, and we shall recognize it truly as the course of man's development between death and rebirth. What has been gathered from the cosmos, from Saturn, influences lovers who are brought together. Many things are turned into cosmic events. They should not be analyzed intellectually, but we should experience what connects man truly to the whole cosmos. That is why spiritual science will certainly succeed in developing a new sense of devotion, a true religion in people, because it will be understood that often the smallest things have their origin in the cosmos. We learn rightly and wisely to relate what lives in the human breast to its origin when we consider its connection with the cosmos. Thus, from spiritual science an impulse can pour out for the whole of life, for the whole of mankind, towards a really new attitude that has to come. Artists have prepared it, but a true understanding must be created first through a spiritual inclination.

I wanted to convey these indications on the basis of renewed, intimate investigations of the life of man between death and rebirth. There is nothing in spiritual science that will not also move us in our deepest feelings. When rightly understood nothing remains a mere abstract representation. The flower we behold gives more joy to us than when the botanist tears it to shreds. The far distant starry world can evoke a vague sensing in us, but the reality only dawns when we are able to ascend into the heavenly spheres with our soul. We rob the plant by our dissection, but not the starry world when we ascend beyond the plant and recognize how the spirit is related to it.

Kant made the remarkable utterance of a man who understands morality in a one-sided way. Two things moved him deeply—the starry heavens above and the moral law within. Both are really the same. We only gather them into us out of heavenly realms. If we are born with a moral inclination, it means that on the return journey during the condition of sleep the Mercury sphere was able to bestow much upon us. It was the Venus sphere, if we are endowed with religious feelings. As every morning on earth we awaken strengthened and refreshed with new forces, so we are strengthened by the forces given by the cosmos, and we receive them in accordance with our karma. The cosmos can bestow forces that are predispositions from birth inasmuch as karma will allow.

Life between death and rebirth falls into two parts. To begin with it is unalterable. We ascend, the beings approach us. We enter into a condition of sleep and then change can occur. The forces now enter with which we are born. Considering the evolution of man in this way, we see that the human being after death first lives in a world of visions. He only learns to recognize later what he really is as a soul-spiritual being. Beings approach us from outside and they illumine us as the golden light of the morning illuminates the things of the outer world. Thus we ascend and the spiritual world penetrates into us. We do not live into the spiritual world from outside until we have become mature enough to experience what we are in our visionary world, until we encounter the beings of the spiritual world who approach us from all sides like rays.

Transfer yourself into the spiritual world as if you could behold it. There a man emerges, in the form of a visionary cloud, as he truly is. Then the beings can approach and illumine him from outside. We cannot see the rose when it is dark. We switch on the light and because the light falls on the rose we can see it as it really is. So it is when the human being ascends into the spiritual world. The light of spiritual beings draws near to him. But there is one moment when he is clearly visible, illumined by the light of the Hierarchies so that he reflects back the whole of the outer world. The entire cosmos now appears as if reflected by man. You can imagine the process. First you live on as a cloud that is not sufficiently illumined, then you ray back the light of the cosmos and then you dissolve. There is a moment when man reflects back the cosmic light. Up to this point he can ascend. Dante says in his Divine Comedy that in a particular part of the spiritual world one beholds God as man. This is to be taken literally, otherwise it would not make any sense at all. One can of course accept it as a beautiful thought, as aesthetes do, and fail to understand its inner content. This is again an instance where we find the spiritual world mirrored in the works of great artists and poets. This is also the case with the great musicians of more recent times, in a Beethoven, a Wagner and Bruckner. It can happen with one as it did with me a few days ago, when I had to resist a certain piece of knowledge because it was too astonishing.

In Florence we find the Medici Chapel where Michelangelo created two memorial statues to the Medici and four allegorical figures representing “Day” and “Night,” “Dawn” and “Dusk.” One easily speaks about a cold allegory, but when one looks at these four figures they appear anything but a cold allegory. One of the figures represents “Night.” Actually, research in this domain is not particularly enlightened, for you will find it mentioned everywhere that of the two Medici statues depicting Lorenzo and Giuliano, Lorenzo is the thinker. But occult investigation has confirmed that the opposite is true. The one said to be Lorenzo by art historians is Giuliano, and vice versa.

This can be proved historically with reference to the natures of the two personalities. The statues rest on pedestals, and it is likely that in the course of time they have been interchanged. But this is not really what I wanted to say. I only draw your attention to this to show that in this respect outer research misses the mark!

The figure “Night” can be made the object of a fine artistic study. The gesture, the position of the resting body with the head supported by the hand, the arm placed on the leg—in fact the whole arrangement of the figure can be studied artistically. We can sum it up by saying that if one wished to portray the human etheric body in its full activity, then one could only represent it in the form of this figure. That is the outer gesture expressing a human being at rest. When man sleeps, the etheric body is most active. In the figure of “Night” Michelangelo has created the corresponding position. This reclining figure represents the most expressive portrayal of the active etheric or life body.

Now let us go over to “Day” which lies on the opposite side. This represents the most perfect expression of the ego; the figure “Dawn,” of the astral body; “Twilight,” of the physical body. These are not allegories, but truths taken from life, immortalized with remarkable artistic penetration. I kept away from this knowledge, but the more accurately I studied it, the clearer it became. I am no longer astonished at the legend that originated in Florence at the time. It tells that Michelangelo had power over “Night” and when he was alone with her in the Chapel she would stand up and walk about. As she represents the etheric body, it is not surprising. I only mention this in order to show how clear and intelligible everything becomes the more we view it from the aspect of occultism.

The greatest contribution to the development of spiritual life and culture will be accomplished when human beings meet in such a way that each presupposes and then senses the occultly hidden in the other. Then will the right relationship be established from man to man, and love will permeate the soul in a truly human way. Man will meet man in such a way that one will sense the sacred mystery of the other. It is only in such a relationship that the right feelings of love can be cultivated.

Spiritual science will not have to stress continually the outer cultivation of general human love, but it will receive by way of genuine knowledge the power of love in the soul of man.

Die Neuesten Ergebnisse Okkulter Forschung Über Das Leben Zwischen Tod Und Neuer Geburt

Es ist mir eine große Freude, daß ich heute abend in Ihrer Mitte sein kann gelegentlich meiner Anwesenheit in Wien, die durch anderes notwendig geworden ist.

Sprechen möchte ich zu Ihnen heute abend, meine lieben Freunde, da es ja ein ausnahmsweises Zusammentreffen ist, von einigem, man darf wohl sagen, Intimerem, das sich doch nur besprechen läßt ganz im engen Kreise derjenigen, die schon längere Zeit geisteswissenschaftlich gearbeitet haben.

Es ist nun so in der okkulten Forschung, daß man eigentlich nicht oft genug gleichsam nachsehen kann, wie es mit den Dingen ist, die ja immer wieder und wieder durchforscht, durchsucht werden, von denen immer wieder und wieder verkündet wird, und die, weil sie sich ja in der dem Menschen nicht so leicht zugänglichen, von ihm nicht so leicht faßbaren geistigen Welt befinden, gewissermaßen auch leicht nach der einen oder nach der anderen Richtung hin selbst vom Forscher mißdeutet oder ungenau gesehen werden können; daher muß immer wieder und wieder gewissermaßen nachkontrolliert werden. Gewiß, die Hauptsache der Tatsachen des übersinnlichen Lebens steht seit Jahrtausenden fest, aber es ist schwierig, sie darzustellen. Und deshalb war es mir eine tiefe Befriedigung, daß es mir in den letzten Zeiten möglich geworden ist, mich intimer wiederum mit einem Gebiete zu befassen, das auf der Seite des Okkultismus von Wichtigkeit ist: mit dem Gebiete des Lebens zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt. Gewiß, nicht gerade neue Dinge müssen sich bei einer solchen Gelegenheit zum Durchforschen herausstellen, aber manches ergibt dann die Möglichkeit, genauer, präziser die Dinge wieder und wieder zu sagen. So möchte ich am heutigen Tage gerade von dieser für die übersinnliche Erkenntnis so wichtigen Zeit des Menschen, der Zeit zwischen Tod und neuer Geburt, sprechen; nicht so sehr über das nächste Gebiet, das ja in den Schriften und auch sonst oft hier zur Sprache gekommen ist, über das sogenannte Kamaloka-Gebiet, sondern über dasjenige, was sich daran anschließt, über den eigentlichen Aufenthalt des Menschen in der geistigen Welt zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt. Nur ein paar Worte möchte ich dieser Schilderung vorausschicken.

Dasjenige, was zwischen Tod und neuer Geburt liegt, lernt man kennen durch die Initiation, durch die Einweihung oder durch das Durchschreiten der Pforte des Todes. Gewöhnlich nimmt man den Unterschied nicht ernst genug, der besteht zwischen allen Erkenntnissen, die wir uns aneignen können in bezug auf die sinnliche Welt, in der wir immer mit unseren Sinnen und mit dem Verstande drinnenstehen, und in bezug auf die geistige Welt, in die wir eintreten entweder durch die Initiation schon in diesem Leibe, in diesem physischen Dasein, oder ohne diesen Leib, wenn wir durch die Pforte des Todes geschritten sind. Es ist gewissermaßen alles umgekehrt in dieser geistigen Welt. Zwei Merkmale möchte ich anführen, welche so recht zeigen können, wie die geistige Welt sich ganz bedeutsam unterscheidet von der gewöhnlichen sinnlichen Welt.

Nehmen wir unser Dasein in dieser Sinnenwelt während unseres wachenden Zustandes vom Morgen bis zum Abend. Da sehen wir, daß die Dinge, die wir durch unsere Augen und Ohren wahrnehmen, an uns herankommen; und sozusagen nur die höheren Gebiete des Lebens, die Erkenntnisgebiete, das Kunstgebiet suchen wir auf, die müssen wir tätig an uns heranbringen, da müssen wir mittun — aber das übrige äußere Leben, das uns in Anspruch nimmt, bringt wahrhaftig alles, was auf unsere Sinne und unseren Verstand wirken soll, von morgens bis abends an uns heran. Wo wir gehen, auf der Straße, wie wir auch leben, alles und jedes, jeder Augenblick hat seine Eindrücke, und wir tun, mit den angedeuteten Ausnahmen, nichts für das Herbeibringen; sie kommen von selber.

Anders ist es mit dem, was in der physischen Welt durch uns geschieht; da müssen wir tätig sein, da müssen wir von Ort zu Ort schreiten, da müssen wir uns rühren. Das sind die bedeutsamen Kennzeichen des täglichen Lebens, daß das, was sich unserer Erkenntnis darbietet, geschieht, ohne daß wir etwas dazu tun. So grotesk es ist, im Geistigen ist es umgekehrt. In der geistigen Welt kann man nicht handeln, nicht tätig sein, nicht etwas herbeiführen dadurch, daß man von einem Ort zum anderen geht; man kann auch nichts herbeiführen in der geistigen Welt dadurch, daß man sozusagen Organe rührt, welche analog wären den physischen Händen, sondern dasjenige, was vor allen Dingen notwendig ist, damit mit uns etwas geschieht in der geistigen Welt, das ist die absolute Gemütsruhe.

Je ruhiger wir sein können, desto mehr geschieht durch uns in der geistigen Welt, so daß wir also gar nicht sprechen können davon, daß etwas geschieht in der geistigen Welt, wenn wir hasten und treiben, sondern indem wir in aller Gemütsruhe entwickeln eine größere liebevolle Anteilnahme an dem, was geschehen soll, und dann abwarten, wie die Dinge sich entwickeln. Diese Gemütsruhe, welche in der geistigen Welt schaffend ist, hat kaum irgend etwas Ähnliches im gewöhnlichen physischen Leben, wohl aber in höheren Gebieten auf dem physischen Plane, im Erkenntnisleben und im Kunstleben. Da haben Sie schon etwas Analoges. Der Künstler kann eigentlich nicht das Höchste, was er vermag nach seinen Anlagen, schaffen, wenn er nicht warten kann, wenn er nicht in aller Gemütsruhe warten kann, bis der rechte Augenblick gekommen ist, bis die Intuition kommt. Wer programmäßig schaffen will, der kann nur minderwertige Produkte zustande bringen. Wer auf irgendeinen äußeren Anlaß hin irgendein Werk, sei es das kleinste, schaffen will, wird es nicht so gut zustande bringen, als wenn er in liebevoller Hingabe und ruhig warten kann auf den Augenblick der Inspiration, wir können auch sagen, auf den Augenblick der Gnade. So ist es auch in der geistigen Welt, da gibt es kein Hasten und Drängen, da gibt es nur Gemütsruhe.

Im Grunde genommen muß es auch so sein bei der Ausbreitung unserer Bewegung. Alle äußere Agitation, alles äußere den Menschen die Geisteswissenschaft Aufdrängenwollen, führt im Grunde genommen zu nichts. Am besten ist es, wenn wir warten können, bis sich uns im Leben die Menschen zeigen, die in ihrer Seele das Bedürfnis haben, etwas zu hören, die sich hinneigen wollen dem Geistigen, und wir sollen gar nicht das Bedürfnis entwickeln, einen jeden an die Geisteswissenschaft heranzubringen. Wir werden die Erfahrung machen, je mehr Ruhe, agitationslose Ruhe wir entwickeln können, desto mehr Leute kommen an uns heran, während wir durch eine brüske Agitation die Leute geradezu zurückstoßen werden. Wenn ein öffentlicher Vortrag gehalten wird, geschieht es nur, damit gesagt werde, was gesagt werden muß; wer es aufnehmen will, kann es aufnehmen. Insofern muß unser ganzes Leben innerhalb der geisteswissenschaftlichen Bewegung ein Abbild des Geistigen sein, daß wir das, was geschehen soll, geschehen lassen und es abwarten mit Gemütsruhe.

Nehmen wir einmal einen initiierten Menschen, welcher erkannt hat, daß in einem bestimmten Zeitpunkte irgend etwas aus der geistigen Welt heraus geschehen soll. Ich habe öfters aufmerksam gemacht auf einen wichtigen Zeitpunkt, in dem etwas geschehen ist von der geistigen Welt aus, nur zeigt es sich jetzt noch nicht in so außerordentlichem Maße. Das war das Jahr 1899, der Ablauf des kleinen Kali Yuga. Das war im wesentlichen das Jahr, welches einen bestimmten Impuls brachte, der dazu bestimmt war, den Menschen dasjenige von innen heraus zu geben, ihnen in der Seele zu erwecken, was im Grunde genommen in den früheren Zeiten durch irgendwelche äußeren Dinge, man nannte es Zufall, aus der geistigen Welt gegeben worden ist. Ich will einen bestimmten Fall anführen: Im zwölften Jahrhundert lebte ein gewisser Norbert. Dieser begründete einen Orden. Er führte zunächst ein recht weltliches, man könnte sagen, ein ausschweifendes Leben, da traf ihn ein Blitzstrahl. Oftmals kommt es in der Geschichte bei einzelnen Menschen vor, daß ein solches Ereignis eintritt; ein Blitzstrahl kann durchschütteln den physischen und den Ätherleib. Da wurde sein ganzes Leben verändert. Da ist es so, daß wie ein äußerer Anlaß von der geistigen Welt zu Hilfe genommen wird, um die Menschen zu verändern. Solche Zufälle kommen oft vor, sie durchschütteln den ganzen Zusammenhang zwischen physischem und Ätherleib und verändern den Betreffenden ganz und gar. So war es auch hier. Das sind aber keine Zufälle, das sind in der geistigen Welt wohlvorbereitete Tatsachen, den Menschen zu verändern. Nun wurden diese Tatsachen vom Jahre 1899 an immer intimer und intimer, viel weniger äußerlich, viel mehr durch das Innere wirkend; verinnerlicht wird des Menschen Seele. Und tatsächlich, bei einer solchen Umwälzung in der Welt wie im Jahre 1899 müssen mitwirken alle Wesenheiten und Mächte aus der geistigen Welt, aber auch alle Initiierten, die hier leben. Sie sagen nicht: Bereitet euch vor! —, sie sagen es nicht den Leuten in die Ohren, sondern es geschieht so, daß der Impuls von innen kommt, daß die Menschen ihn von innen heraus verstehen lernen. Dann bleiben die Leute in der Seele ruhig, befassen sich mit dem Gedanken, lassen diesen Gedanken in sich wirken und warten. Und je ruhiger sie werden mit dem Gedanken in der Seele, desto kräftiger kommen solche geistigen Ereignisse. Also, abwarten diese Begnadung! Dies ist es vorzugsweise, daß wir abwarten sollen, was mit uns geschehen soll in der geistigen Welt.

Anders ist es mit dem Erkennen im Alltag; da müssen wir alles herantragen, müssen es erwerben, müssen arbeiten, um es uns gewissermaßen entgegenzubringen. Eine Rose, die wir am Wege finden, erfreut uns in dieser physischen Welt; auf dem geistigen Plane würde es nicht geschehen, es würde sich uns nichts einer Rose auf dem physischen Plane Ähnliches hinstellen, wenn wir uns nicht bemühten, in bestimmte geistige Gebiete hineinzukommen, um die Dinge an uns heranzubringen. Gerade was wir beim Tun hier machen, müssen wir beim Erkennen im Geistigen machen; und umgekehrt: Was durch uns geschehen soll, müssen wir in Ruhe abwarten und nur sozusagen das Hereinragen aus der geistigen Welt in die physische, die höheren Betätigungen der Menschen bilden ein Abbild des Geschehens in der geistigen Welt. Daher ist es notwendig, daß derjenige, der durch seine Seele verstehen will die Wahrheiten, die durch die Geisteswissenschaft kommen sollen, die zwei Eigenschaften immer mehr und mehr entwickelt: Liebe zum geistigen Leben, die ihn zum tätigen Heranbringen der geistigen Welt führt, und diese ist das allersicherste, uns in die Lage zu versetzen, immer wieder und wieder die Dinge an uns heranzubringen — und Ruhe, Gemütsruhe, eine Ruhe, die nicht eitel und ehrgeizig Erfolge herbeiführen will, sondern die begnadet sein will, die auf Inspiration warten kann. Dieses Warten ist im konkreten Falle schwierig. Aber ein Gedanke, den wir immer wieder und wieder in unserer Seele haben sollten, kann uns über vieles hinausführen. Er ist schwer zu fassen, weil er sehr gegen unsere Eitelkeit verstößt. Dieser Gedanke ist, daß es gleichgültig ist im Weltenzusammenhang, ob etwas durch uns oder einen anderen Menschen geschieht. Das soll uns nicht abhalten, alles zu tun, was uns zu vollbringen obliegt; nicht von unserer Pflicht soll es uns abhalten, aber vom Hasten, Treiben soll es uns abhalten. Wie gern hat es ein jeder Mensch, daß er befähigt ist, daß er etwas kann. Es gehört eine gewisse Resignation dazu, ebenso gern zu haben, daß und wenn ein anderer etwas kann. Nicht lieben soll man eine Sache, weil man sie selber tut, sondern lieben, weil sie in der Welt ist, gleichgültig ob durch uns oder durch andere. Dieser Gedanke führt uns sicher zur Selbstlosigkeit, wenn wir ihn immer wieder denken. Solche Stimmungen sind notwendig, um sich einzuleben in die geistige Welt, um nicht nur immer zu forschen, sondern auch zu verstehen, was geforscht wird. Viel wichtiger als Visionen, die wohl auch da sein müssen, sind diese Stimmungen, und eben damit wir die Visionen beurteilen können, sind solche Stimmungen notwendig.

Visionen, man braucht nur dies Wort auszusprechen und jeder weiß, der sich nur ein wenig damit befaßt hat, was eigentlich unter Visionen zu verstehen ist — aber unser ganzes Leben nach dem Tode, wenn das Kamaloka vorüber ist, ist eigentlich ein Leben in Visionen. Wenn der Mensch durch die Pforte des Todes gegangen ist, das Kamaloka hinter sich hat, in die eigentliche geistige Welt eintritt, lebt er in einer Welt, die ganz so ist, als wenn er nach allen Seiten umgeben wäre von lauter Visionen; nur sind diese Visionen Abbilder von Wirklichkeiten. Und man kann sehr wohl sagen, während wir die Welt des Physischen wahrnehmen durch Farben, die uns das Auge vorzaubert, durch Töne, die uns das Ohr vermittelt, nehmen wir die geistige Welt auch dann, wenn wir durch die Pforte des Todes getreten sind, als Visionen wahr, in die wir hineinverwoben sind. Nun werde ich, weil ich über diese Dinge intimer sprechen will, manches zu sagen haben in einer mehr erzählenden Form, was, wenn man es zunächst hört, etwas grotesk sich ausnimmt, aber es ergibt sich eben durch eine wirkliche geistige Forschung.

Das Kamaloka selbst verläuft ja, wenn man es inhaltlich schildert, so wie ich es in meiner «Theosophie» geschildert habe; aber man kann es noch anders charakterisieren. Ist der Mensch durch die Pforte des Todes geschritten, wo fühlt er sich dann? kann man fragen. Und man kann diese Frage beantworten: Wo ist denn der Mensch während seiner Kamalokazeit? Man kann sogar in Worten, die physisch zu fassen sind, den Raum ausdrücken, wo der Mensch ist während des Kamaloka-Lebens. Wenn Sie sich denken den Raum zwischen der Erde und dem Monde, den Menschen losgelöst von der Erde, aber durchaus noch in dem Raume zwischen der Erde und dem Monde, in jenem kugelförmigen Raume, der sich ergibt, wenn man die Mondbahn als den äußersten Ring ansieht, weg von der Erde, aber in diesem Raume — dort ist der Mensch in der Kamalokazeit. Wenn die Kamalokazeit zu Ende ist, dann geht der Mensch aus diesem Kreise in den wirklichen Himmelsraum hinaus. Wie gesagt, es klingt grotesk, aber es ist so. Auch in dieser Richtung merkt man durch eine wirklich gewissenhafte Forschung, daß diese Dinge entgegengesetzt sind denen auf dem physischen Plane hier. Wir sind von außen an die Erde gebunden, vom Irdischen umgeben und getrennt von den Himmelssphären; nach dem Tode ist die Erde von uns entfernt, und wir sind mit den Himmelssphären zusammen. Solange wir drinnen sind in der Mondensphäre, sind wir im Kamaloka, das heißt, daß wir den Wunsch haben, noch mit der Erde verbunden zu sein, und wir kommen hinaus, wenn wir durch das Kamaloka-Leben gelernt haben, auf Affekte, Leidenschaften, Verlangen zu verzichten. Anders als man hier gewohnt ist, muß man sich nun den Aufenthalt in der geistigen Welt vorstellen. Da sind wir ausgebreitet über den ganzen Raum, da fühlen wir uns überall drinnen im ganzen Raume. Daher ist das Leben, sei es das eines Initiierten oder eines Menschen nach dem Tode, ein Fühlen des Sich-Ausbreitens in den Raum hinaus, und man wird so groß nach dem Tod oder als Initiierter, daß man dann durch den Mondenlauf begrenzt wird wie jetzt durch die Haut. Ja, es ist nun einmal so und es nützt nichts, solche Dinge durch Worte auszudrücken, die einem die gegenwärtige Zeit leichter verzeiht, denn dadurch drückt man sie nicht richtiger aus. Im öffentlichen Vortrage muß man solche schockierenden Dinge weglassen, aber demjenigen, der sich längere Zeit befaßt hat mit geisteswissenschaftlichen Dingen, ist es gut, mit wahren Namen die Dinge zu benennen.

Dann, nach dem Kamaloka-Leben, wachsen wir weiter hinaus, und das nun hängt ab von gewissen Eigenschaften, die wir uns hier schon errungen haben. Eine lange Zeit unserer Entwickelung nach dem Tode hängt die Art, wie wir uns da ausbreiten können bis zur nächsten Sphäre, ab von dem, was wir an moralischer Verfassung, sittlichen Begriffen und Gefühlen auf der Erde entwickelt haben. Man kann sagen, der Mensch, der die Eigenschaften des Mitleids, der Liebe entwickelt hat, die Eigenschaften, die man gewöhnlich als sittlich-gute bezeichnet, lebt sich in die nächste Sphäre so hinein, daß er mit den Wesen, die sonst in dieser Sphäre sind, bekannt werden kann, mit ihnen zusammenleben kann, während der Mensch, der mangelhafte Moral mitbringt in diese Sphäre, wie ein Einsiedler darinnen lebt. Das ist die beste Bezeichnung, daß uns zum Zusammenleben mit der geistigen Welt vorbereitet das Moralische; zur quälenden Einsamkeit, in welcher wir immer die Sehnsucht haben, das andere kennenzulernen, und es nicht können, zu dieser Einsamkeit verurteilt uns das Nichtmoralische unseres Herzens wie unseres Denkens und Verhaltens in der physischen Welt. Und entweder als Einsiedler oder als geselliger Geist, der zum Segen ist in der geistigen Welt, leben wir uns ein in die zweite Sphäre, die man im Okkultismus immer genannt hat die Sphäre des Merkur. Heute wird sie Venus genannt in der äußeren Astronomie; es hat bekanntlich eine Umkehrung der Namen stattgefunden, wie schon oft gesagt worden ist. Bis zum Kreise des heutigen Morgen- und Abendsterns breitet der Mensch sein Wesen aus, während er sich früher nur bis zum Monde ausgebreitet hat. Nun stellt sich etwas Eigentümliches ein. Bis zur Mondensphäre sind wir immer noch mit den irdischen Verhältnissen beschäftigt, aber auch darüber hinaus ist das Verhältnis zur Erde nicht ganz abgebröckelt, wir wissen noch immer alles, was wir auf der Erde getan, gedacht haben; wie wir uns jetzt an etwas erinnern können, so wissen wir es, und — sehen Sie, meine lieben Freunde — wieder ist leicht das Erinnern das Quälende! — Wenn wir noch auf der Erde leben und wir haben einem Menschen Unrecht getan oder haben einen Menschen, den wir eigentlich lieben sollten, nicht hinreichend geliebt, ist es an uns, die Folgen noch abzuwenden; wir können zu ihm hingehen und uns mit ihm auseinandersetzen und dergleichen. Das ist von der Merkursphäre an nicht mehr der Fall. Wir können alle Verhältnisse in der Erinnerung erschauen und diese bleiben auch aufrecht, aber wir können sie nicht mehr ändern.

Nehmen wir an, es ist jemand vor uns gestorben, den wir vermöge der Verhältnisse auf der Erde eigentlich hätten lieben sollen, aber nicht genügend geliebt haben. Wir treffen ihn — wir treffen tatsächlich die Menschen nach dem Tode wieder, mit denen wir verbunden waren —, wir treffen ihn aber so, wie wir zu ihm gestanden waren und können es nicht ändern zunächst. Es lebt also ein Vorwurf in uns, daß wir ihn nicht genügend geliebt haben, aber wir können unsern Charakter hier nicht mehr ändern, so daß wir ihn jetzt etwas mehr lieben könnten. Es bleibt, was wir auf der Erde begründet haben, wir können es aber nicht ändern. Gerade diese Tatsache, daß wir da eintreten in das richtige, unveränderliche Wahrnehmungen in bezug auf die Liebe, sie trat mir in den letzten neueren Forschungen dieses Sommers ganz kräftig entgegen, und durch solche Dinge wird man auf mancherlei aufmerksam, was sonst dem Menschen entgeht, und auch davon möchte ich Ihnen sozusagen eine Empfindung geben. Man lernt also durch die Erkenntnis der geistigen Welt diese eigentümliche Tatsache kennen, daß man in der Merkursphäre lebt, wie gesagt, mit allen Menschen in den alten Verhältnissen, die man nicht ändern kann zunächst. Zurückschauend und entwickelnd, was man schon entwickelt hat, so lebt man.

Nun, ich darf wohl sagen, daß ich mich in meinem Leben viel mit Homer beschäftigt habe, aber eine Stelle ist mir erst ganz klar geworden, als dies, wovon ich eben sprach, mir in der okkulten Forschung so mächtig entgegengetreten ist; das ist die Stelle, wo Homer das Reich nach dem Tode nennt das Land der Schatten, wo sich nichts verwandeln kann. Man kann sie auslegen nach dem Verstande, aber was der Künstler sagen will von der geistigen Welt, wie er als ein Prophet spricht, lernt man kennen, wenn man die betreffende Entdeckung in der geistigen Forschung gemacht hat. So ist es bei jedem wahren Künstler, er braucht es. gar nicht zu wissen in seinen Alltagsgedanken, was ihm aus der Inspiration zufließt. Und dasjenige, was die Menschheit durch ihre Künstler im Laufe der Jahrhunderte erhalten hat, wird nicht verblassen durch die Ausbreitung der spirituellen Bewegung, sondern es wird immer mehr und mehr vertieft werden, und ganz gewiß wird den Menschen ein Licht aufgehen über ihre wahren Künstler, wenn sie durch die okkulte Forschung in die geistige Welt, in jene Welt hineinkommen, aus welcher die Künstler inspiriert sind. Allerdings solche, welche oft einem Zeitalter als Künstler gelten, es aber nicht sind, werden eine solche Beleuchtung nicht erhalten. Manche Tagesgröße wird dahin erkannt werden, daß sie nichts hat an Inspiration aus der geistigen Welt.

Die nächste Sphäre kann man im Okkultismus nennen die VenusSphäre; da dehnen wir unser Wesen hinaus bis zum Merkur, der okkult die Venus genannt wird; bis dahin dehnen wir unser Wesen aus. In dieser Sphäre, ja da hat wieder etwas einen großen Einfluß auf den Menschen und wiederum hat dies so Einfluß, daß derjenige, der es hat, sozusagen ein geselliger Geist wird, der es nicht hat, ein einsamer Geist; furchtbar quälend ist das Fehlen dieses Etwas — das ist das religiöse Moment. Je religiösere Gesinnung wir uns angeeignet haben, desto geselligere Geister werden wir in dieser Sphäre. Menschen, denen die religiöse Gesinnung fehlt, die schlieBen sich ab zu Wesen, die sozusagen nirgends hinaus können über eine gewisse Schale oder Hülle, die sich um sie ausbreitet. Wir lernen, sagen wir, unsere Freunde kennen, trotzdem sie Einsiedler sind, aber wir kommen nicht an sie heran; wir fühlen uns immer, als ob wir eine Hülle durchbrechen müßten, die wir aber nicht durchbrechen können. Wenn wir nicht religiöse Innerlichkeit haben, frieren wir gewissermaßen ein in dieser Venus-Sphäre.

Dann kommt eine Sphäre, so sonderbar es klingt, wenn der Mensch — und jeder tut es nach dem Tode — sich hineinlebt in diese Sphäre, fühlt er sich erweitert bis zu unserer Sonne. Es wird nicht mehr lange dauern, dann wird man auch anders über die Himmelskörper denken, als die heutige Astronomie annimmt. Wir selber sind mit dieser Sonne verbunden; es kommt eben eine Zeit zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt, wo wir ein Sonnenwesen geworden sind. Aber jetzt ist noch ein anderes notwendig: zur ersten Sphäre ist sittliches Leben, zur Venus-Sphäre religiöses Leben, zur Sonnensphäre ist notwendig, daß wir Natur und Wesenheit der Sonnengeister, namentlich des Hauptsonnengeistes, des Christus, wirklich kennen, daß wir uns auf Erden eine Verbindung zu ihm geschaffen haben. Mit dieser Verbindung ist es so: Als die Menschen noch ein altes Hellsehen hatten, fanden sie diese Verbindung so, daß sie sich durch die alte göttliche Gnade hineinlebten; das verschwand dann und das Mysterium von Golgatha mit der Vorbereitung durch das Alte Testament war dazu da, um den Menschen das Sonnenwesen verständlich zu machen. Heute genügt nicht mehr die alte Weise, wie seit dem Mysterium von Golgatha die Menschen sich mehr naiv zum Christus emporgerungen haben; heute soll die Geisteswissenschaft die Welt vom Gesichtspunkte eines Sonnenwesens begreiflich machen. Das erste Mal, als das so richtig verstanden worden ist, war die Zeit des Mittelalters, als innerhalb Europas die Gralssage in ihrer eigentlichen tieferen Bedeutung ihren Ursprung genommen hat. Durch das Verständnis dessen, was wiederum durch die spirituelle Bewegung gegeben wird, wird ja gerade das wieder erobert, was durch den hohen Sonnengeist, den Christus, gebracht worden ist, der herabgestiegen ist und nun der Erdgeist geworden ist durch das Mysterium von Golgatha. Dieser Impuls, der durch das Mysterium von Golgatha gegeben worden ist, ist geeignet, in der Geisteswissenschaft alle religiösen Bekenntnisse über das ganze Erdenrund hin in Frieden zu verbinden. Das bleibt die Grundforderung der Geisteswissenschaft: jede Religion mit gleicher Hingebung zu behandeln, keiner Religion den Vorzug zu geben durch irgendwelche äußeren Gründe. Wenn zum Beispiel unserer Strömung vorgeworfen wird, daß wir das Mysterium von Golgatha in die Mitte der Weltenentwickelung stellen und daß das eine Bevorzugung wäre der christlichen Religion, so ist das ein ganz ungerechter Vorwurf. Verständigen wir uns einmal darüber, was es mit einem solchen Vorwurfe für eine Bewandtnis hätte. Wenn ein Buddhist oder Brahmane zu uns käme und uns diesen Vorwurf machen würde, würden wir ihm sagen: Kommt es denn darauf an, was in religiösen Büchern steht, und ist es eine Benachteiligung einer Religion, wenn man das alles nicht ablehnt, was nicht in diesen Büchern steht? Kann nicht jeder Buddhist die kopernikanische Weltanschauung annehmen, ohne aufzuhören, ein Buddhist zu bleiben? Das ist ein Fortschritt der allgemeinen Menschheit. Und so ist die Erkenntnis, daß das Mysterium von Golgatha in der Mitte der Weltenentwickelung steht, ein Fortschritt der ganzen Menschheitsentwickelung, ob davon in den alten Büchern steht oder nicht, und uns zuzumuten, sozusagen von der chinesischen oder buddhistischen Religion nicht so zu denken, wäre dasselbe, wie wenn von diesen Religionen ganz Europa verboten würde, die kopernikanische Weltanschauung anzunehmen, weil sie nicht in ihren Büchern steht. Aber gerade dieses Verständnis des Mysteriums von Golgatha — wenn man erkennt, was da vorgegangen ist — macht uns zu einem geselligen Geiste nach dem Tode in der Sonnensphäre. Überhaupt ist es so: In dem Augenblicke, in dem wir über den Mond hinauskommen, da tritt etwas ein, was wir jetzt auch geistig innerlich bezeichnen können — wir sind von Visionen umgeben. Wenn wir einem verstorbenen Freund begegnen nach dem Tode, ist es eine Vision, aber er ist es selbst, er lebt in dieser Realität drinnen; aber es sind Visionen, die sich aufbauen auf das Gedächtnis an das, was wir hier getan haben.

Später, außerhalb der Mondensphäre, ist das zwar auch noch der Fall, aber es leuchten dann die geistigen Wesen der höheren Hierarchien an uns heran. Es ist so, als ob die Sonne aufgeht und die Wolken vergoldet. So ist es im Sonnenkreise. Aber wir lernen auch die geistigen Hierarchien in der Merkursphäre nur kennen, wenn wir mit religiöser Gesinnung erfüllt sind, in der Sonnensphäre nur, wenn wir mit jahvisch-christlicher Stimmung erfüllt sind. Da treten die äußeren geistigen Wesenheiten an uns heran. Wiederum ist etwas höchst merkwürdig, und was ich gesagt habe, ergibt sich durch objektive okkulte Forschung: Der Mensch ist über den Mond hinaus wie eine Wolke aus Geist gewoben und wird beleuchtet von den geistigen Wesenheiten, sowie er in den Merkur kommt. Daher haben die Griechen den Merkur den Götterboten genannt, weil in dieser Sphäre hohe geistige Wesenheiten den Menschen beleuchten. Das sind die großen gewaltigen Eindrücke, die wir empfangen, wenn wir aus dem Kreise der okkulten Forschung entwickeln, was die Menschheit geschaffen hat, was als Kunst, als Mythos gegeben worden ist.

So leben wir uns durchchristet in die Sonnensphäre hinein. Dann leben wir weiter und kommen in eine Region hinein, wo wir die Sonne so unter uns haben, wie wir früher die Erde unter uns gehabt haben. Wir beginnen auf die Sonne zurückzublicken — und da beginnt etwas sehr Merkwürdiges. In diesem Augenblicke zeigt sich uns, daß wir noch einen anderen Geist in seiner eigenartigen Weise zu erkennen beginnen, den Luzifergeist.

Was Luzifer ist, das durchschauen wir, wenn nicht vorher durch die okkulte Wissenschaft oder Initiation, durch das bloße Leben nach dem Tode nicht. Erst wenn wir jenseits der Sonnensphäre angekommen sind, lernen wir ihn erkennen, wie er war, bevor er Luzifer geworden ist, als er noch ein Bruder des Christus gewesen ist. Denn daß er anders geworden ist, ist erst in der Zeit eingetreten, da Luzifer zurückgeblieben ist und sich losgelöst hat vom Fortschritt im Kosmos. Und dasjenige, was er Schlimmes tun kann, erstreckt sich nur bis zur Sonne hin. Darüber ist noch eine Sphäre, wo Luzifer seine Tätigkeit so entwickeln kann, wie sie vor seiner Loslösung war. Da ist nichts von Schaden, was er da entwickelt, und wenn wir uns mit dem Mysterium von Golgatha in der richtigen Weise zusammengehörig gemacht haben, gehen wir, geleitet von Christus, von Luzifer in Empfang genommen, in der richtigen Weise in die noch weiteren Sphären des Weltalls hinaus. Der Name Luzifer ist gut gewählt, wie überhaupt die Alten sich weise Namen gewählt haben. Wenn wir die Sonne unter uns haben, ist auch das Sonnenlicht unter uns. Da brauchen wir dann einen neuen Lichtträger, der uns hinausleuchtet in den Weltenraum. Wir kommen dann in die Mars-Sphäre. Solange wir unter der Sonne waren, blickten wir hinaus in die Sonne; jetzt ist die Sonne unter uns und wir blicken in den weiten Weltenraum hinaus. Und diesen weiten Weltenraum empfinden wir durch das, was immer genannt und so wenig verstanden wird, im eigentlichen Sinne durch die Sphärenmusik, durch eine Art von geistiger Musik. Immer weniger und weniger Bedeutung haben dann die Visionen, in die wir getaucht sind, immer größere und größere Bedeutung gewinnt, was wir geistig hören und vernehmen. Da erscheinen uns die Weltenkörper nicht so, daß wir wie die irdischen Astronomen messen, ob der eine schnell oder langsam geht — das schnelle oder langsame Zusammenstimmen ergibt das Tönen der Weltenharmonie. Und dasjenige, was der Mensch dabei innerlich erlebt, ist das, daß er immer mehr und mehr fühlt: das einzige, was ihm bleibt in diese Region hinein, ist das, was er als Spirituelles auf Erden aufgenommen hat. Dadurch entwickelt er seine Bekanntschaft mit den Wesenheiten dieser Sphäre, bleibt er ein geselliger Geist. Die Menschen, die sich heute abschließen von dem Spirituellen, geraten trotz des Moralischen, trotz des religiösen Lebens auch nicht in die spirituelle Welt. Da ist nichts zu machen. Es ist ja natürlich durchaus möglich, daß solche Menschen in der nächsten Inkarnation dazukommen. Alle materialistisch Gesinnten werden, wenn sie über die Sonne hinaus in die Mars-Sphäre kommen, Einsiedler; das ist nicht anders. So töricht es vielleicht manchem erscheinen könnte, es ist doch wirklich; der ganze Monistenbund wird nicht fortbestehen können, wenn seine Anhänger einmal in die Sonnensphäre gelangt sind, weil seine Anhänger nicht zusammenkommen können, weil jeder ein Einsiedler ist.

Auf dem Mars wird der Mensch, der sich hier auf der Erde spirituelles Verständnis erworben hat, noch eine andere Erfahrung machen. Und da wir heute schon intimer sprechen, darf auch das ausgesprochen werden. Es kann ja gefragt werden gerade innerhalb unserer Weltanschauung, wie wir sie als Geisteswissenschaft im Abendlande entwickeln: Was ist mit einem solchen Geiste geschehen wie dem Buddha nach seiner letzten Inkarnation auf der Erde? Ich habe schon darauf hingewiesen, nicht wahr: Der Buddha hat als Gautama die letzte Inkarnation durchgemacht sechshundert Jahre vor Christus. Wenn Sie meine Vorträge gut verfolgt haben, werden Sie wissen, er hat sozusagen noch einmal gewirkt — er brauchte sich nicht mehr als Buddha zu inkarnieren —, er hat nur geistig gewirkt bei der Geburt des Lukas-Jesusknaben. Geistig hat er aus höheren Sphären herabgewirkt auf die Erde; aber wo ist er selber? Ich habe in Schweden, in Norrköping, auf ein noch späteres Hereinwirken des Buddha auf die Erde hingedeuter. So war im achten Jahrhundert eine Initiationsstätte in Europa, am Schwarzen Meer, da lebte Buddha geistig in einem Schüler, nämlich in einem Schüler, der später Franz von Assisi geworden ist. Franz von Assisi war in der früheren Inkarnation im achten Jahrhundert also ein Schüler des Buddha und hat alle Eigenschaften aufgenommen, um in dieser sonderbaren Weise zu wirken, wie er als Franz von Assisi gewirkt hat. In vielem kann man seine Gemeinde nicht von Anhängern Buddhas unterscheiden, außer durch das, daß die einen Anhänger Buddhas, die anderen Christen waren. Das ist eine Folge davon gewesen, daß er in seinem vorhergehenden Leben ein Schüler Buddhas war, des geistigen Buddha. — Wo ist aber der Buddha selbst, wo ist er, der als Gautama gelebt hat? Er ist für den Mars dasselbe geworden, was Christus für die Erde geworden ist; er hat für den Mars eine Art von Mysterium von Golgatha durchgeführt und die eigentümliche Erlösung der Marsleute hat Buddha zustande gebracht; er lebt dort unter ihnen. Und für ihn selbst war gerade sein Erdenleben die richtige Vorbereitung, um die Marsleute zu erlösen, doch war diese seine Erlösung nicht so wie das Mysterium von Golgatha, sondern etwas anders.

Geistig aber lebt der Mensch in der Mars-Sphäre in der angedeuteten Zeit, dann lebt er wieder weiter, dann lebt er sich in die Jupitersphäre hinein. In der Jupitersphäre wird sozusagen der Zusammenhang mit der Erde, der vorher noch ein bißchen bestanden hat, schon ganz bedeutungslos für den Menschen; von der Sonne wirkt noch ein wenig auf den Menschen, dagegen wirkt mächtig der Kosmos auf ihn ein. So stellt es sich dar: Alles wirkt von außen herein und der Mensch nimmt Kosmisches auf. Der ganze Kosmos wirkt eben durch die Sphärenharmonie, die immer andere Formen annimmt, je weiter wir das Leben durchforschen zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt. Es ist schwer zu charakterisieren dieses Leben, diese Veränderung der Sphärenharmonie; man könnte, weil man diese Dinge nicht mit irdischen Worten ausdrücken kann, vergleichsweise sagen: Die Sphärenmusik verändert sich beim Durchgang vom Mars zum Jupiter so, man kann nur sagen, wie das Orchestrale in die gesangliche Musik. Es wird immer mehr zum Tone, zu dem, was den Ton zugleich durchsetzt als das Bedeutungsvolle, als das Sein-Wesen-Ausdrückende. Inhalt bekommt die Sphärenmusik, wenn wir uns in die Sphäre des Jupiter hineinbegeben, und sie wird dann in der Sphäre des Saturn zum völligen Inhalt, zum Ausdruck des Weltenwortes, aus dem alle Dinge geschaffen sind, und das gemeint ist im Johannes-Evangelium: «Im Urbeginne war das Wort...» Dieses Wort ist das Hineintönen der kosmischen Gesetzmäßigkeit und Weisheit. Dann geht der Mensch, wenn er vorbereitet ist — der geistige Mensch weiter, der nicht geistige weniger weit —, in noch weitere Sphären, aber er geht auch über in einen ganz anderen Zustand als der ist, in dem er vorher war. Und wenn man diesen späteren Zustand charakterisieren will, müßte man sagen: Von da ab, wo der Mensch über den Saturn hinausgeschritten ist, beginnt ein geistiges Schlafen, während das Vorhergehende ein geistiges Wachen war. Das Bewußtsein dämpft sich herab von jetzt an, es tritt ein Benommensein ein, und dieses Benommensein wieder gestattet gerade dem Menschen andere Dinge durchzumachen, als er früher durchgemacht hat. Geradeso, wie wir im Schlafe die Ermüdung wegschaffen und uns neue Kräfte zuführen, so tritt dann durch das Herabdämpfen des Bewußtseins ein Einströmen geistiger Kräfte des Kosmos ein, wenn wir sozusagen eine weit, weit ausgedehnte spirituelle Raumkugel geworden sind. Erst haben wir es geahnt, dann haben wir es als Weltorchester gehört, dann hat es gesungen, dann haben wir es als Wort vernommen, dann schlafen wir ein und es durchdringt uns, und während dieser Zeit gehen wir wieder zurück durch alle diese Sphären unter Herabdämpfung des Bewußtseins; immer dumpfer und dumpfer wird unser Bewußtsein, wir ziehen uns zusammen, je nach unserem Karma langsam oder schnell, und während dieses Zusammenziehens treten wieder auf die Kräfte, die aus dem Sonnensystem kommen. Von Sphäre zu Sphäre gehen wir zurück. Für die Mondensphäre sind wir nicht empfänglich, wenn wir aus dem Kosmos zurückkommen; wir gehen sozusagen unberührt und ungehemmt durch sie hindurch, und dann sind wir so, daß wir uns zusammenziehen und zusammenziehen, so daß wir uns vereinigen können mit dem kleinen Menschenkeime, der dann seine Entwickelung durchmacht vor der Geburt. Und in aller Physiologie und Embryologie wird gar nichts Wahres enthalten sein, wenn ihr dies nicht aus der okkulten Forschung, nicht aus diesen Tatsachen zukommt; denn der Menschenkeim ist ein Abbild des großen Kosmos. Er trägt den ganzen Kosmos in sich; was zwischen Empfängnis und Geburt materiell geschieht und als Mensch sich bildet, aber auch was der Mensch im Weltenschlafe durchgemacht hat, trägt er als Kraft im Keimzustande in sich.

Da berühren wir ein wunderbares Mysterium, das im Grunde genommen in unserer Zeit nur Künstler angedeutet und dargestellt haben, aber es wird schon auch noch besser verstanden werden — sagen wit die Tristan-Frage — als dasjenige, was in ihr lebt, die Tristan-Stimmung, wenn wir in der Tristan- und Isolde-Liebe einmal empfinden werden das Hereinströmen des ganzen Kosmischen, das wir in seiner wahren Gestalt kennenlernen eben durch das Durchlaufen der ganzen Entwickelung des Menschen vom Tode zu einer neuen Geburt hin. Was vom Kosmos hereingeholt wird, was vom Saturn hereingebracht worden ist, wirkt auf Liebende, die zusammengeführt werden. Es wird manches zu einem kosmischen Ereignis gemacht, nur darf es nicht verstandesmäßig analysiert werden, sondern es muß empfunden werden, was den Menschen verbindet in Realität mit dem ganzen Kosmos. Daher wird es die Geisteswissenschaft schon gewiß dahin bringen, daß die Menschheit eine neue Frömmigkeit entwickelt, die eine wahre, echte Religiosität ist, indem dasjenige, was oftmals sich als Kleinstes kundgibt, erscheint als aus dem Kosmos heraus entstanden. Das, was in menschlicher Brust lebt, wir lernen es in der richtigen, weisen Form an seinen Ursprung angliedern, wenn wir es im Zusammenhang mit dem Kosmos betrachten. So kann ausgießen das, was von der Geisteswissenschaft ausgeht, über das ganze Leben, über die ganze Menschheit, die da kommen muß, eine wirklich neue Stimmung. Künstler haben sie vorbereitet, aber das wirkliche Verständnis muß vielfach gerade durch die spirituelle Stimmung erst geschaffen werden.

Das sind so einige Andeutungen, die ich Ihnen geben wollte gerade auf Grund erneuter intimer Forschungen über das Leben des Menschen zwischen dem Tode und der neuen Geburt. Nichts ist eigentlich in der Geisteswissenschaft, was uns nicht in unserer tiefsten Empfindung, im tiefsten Gefühle zugleich berühren würde; nichts bleibt abstrakte Vorstellung, wenn wir es richtig erfassen und verstehen. Die Blume freut uns mehr, wenn wir sie anschauen, als wenn der Botaniker sie zerfasert. Die weit entfernte Sternenwelt kann ein Gefühl der Ahnung uns entwickeln, aber was sich darlebt darinnen, das geht uns erst auf, wenn wir uns mit der Seele in die Sphären hinaus erheben können. Die Pflanze verliert, wenn sie zerfasert wird; die Sternenwelt verliert nichts, wenn wir hinausgehen über sie und wenn wir erkennen, wie der Geist mit ihr verbunden ist.

Kant hat ein merkwürdiges Wort ausgesprochen, aber nur so wie einer, der die Ethik einseitig erfaßt hat: zwei Dinge berührten ihn eigentümlich, der bestirnte Himmel über ihm und die moralische Welt in ihm. Beide sind eigentlich dasselbe, wir nehmen sie nur aus den Himmelswelten in uns herein. Wenn wir etwas Moralisches haben, damit geboren werden, so ist es daher, daß uns beim Einschlafen, bei der Zurückentwickelung, die Merkursphäre viel hat geben können und die Venus-Sphäre, wenn wir auftreten mit religiösen Gefühlen. Wie wir des Morgens hier im irdischen Leben gestärkt, mit wiedererwachten Kräften aufwachen, so werden wir geboren mit dem, was uns als stärkende Kraft der Kosmos gegeben hat; wir können es aufnehmen gemäß unserem Karma. In dem Maße, als das Karma gestattet, kann uns der Kosmos die Kräfte geben, so daß wir mit diesen als Anlagen geboren werden.

So zerfällt das Leben zwischen dem Tode und der neuen Geburt in zwei Teile. Zuerst ist es unwandelbar. Wir leben uns dann hinauf, die Wesen kommen an uns heran; wir kommen in den Schlaf, da wird es wandelbar; da kommen die Kräfte in uns hinein, mit denen wir geboren werden. Wenn wir diese Entwickelung des Menschen so ins Auge fassen, dann sehen wir ja zugleich, daß der Mensch, indem er sich nach dem Tode entwickelt, zuerst in einer Welt der Visionen lebt. Was der Mensch geistig-seelisch ist, lernt er später erkennen. Dann kommen die Wesen von außen, die, wie das goldene Morgensonnenlicht die Dinge der Außenwelt beleuchtet, nun uns beleuchten; so leben wir uns hinauf, so dringt die geistige Welt auf uns ein. Dieses Sich-Hineinleben in die geistige Welt von außen, das tritt zuerst dann hervor, wenn das sozusagen ganz reif geworden ist, was wir selber sind in unserer visionären Welt, wenn wir als Mensch entgegentreten den Wesen der geistigen Welt, die von allen Seiten wie Strahlen an uns herankommen.

Versetzen Sie sich jetzt einmal in die geistige Welt, wie wenn Sie zuschauen könnten. Da kommt der Mensch als eine Visionswolke hinauf, da ist er so recht, was er eigentlich ist. Dann kommen die Wesen an ihn heran und beleuchten ihn von außen. Die Rose, im Dunkel sehen Sie sie nicht; wenn wir das Licht anzünden, fällt das Licht auf die Rose, darum sehen wir die Rose, wie sie ist. So ist es, wenn der Mensch sich hinausbegibt in die geistige Welt: es kommt das Licht der geistigen Wesen an ihn heran. Aber es gibt einen Moment, wo der Mensch gar deutlich sichtbar ist, wo er beschienen wird vom Lichte der Hierarchien, so daß er eigentlich zurückstrahlt die ganze Außenwelt, und da erscheint der ganze Kosmos eigentlich vom Menschen zurückgestrahlt. Sie können sich also vorstellen: Erst leben Sie weiter als eine Wolke, die nicht genug beleuchtet ist, dann strahlen Sie das Licht des Kosmos zurück und dann lösen Sie sich auf. Einen solchen Moment gibt es, wo der Mensch das kosmische Licht zurückstrahlt. Bis dahin kann man sich erheben. Dante sagt in seiner «Divina Commedia», daß man in einem gewissen Teile der geistigen Welt Gott als Mensch sieht. Diese Stelle ist real gemeint, sie ist anders gar nicht verständlich. Man kann sie als eine schöne Sache hinnehmen, wie es die Ästheten tun, aber im inneren Gehalt kann man sie nicht verstehen. Das ist wieder solch ein Fall, wo wir die geistige Welt gespiegelt sehen in den Werken der Künstler; so auch namentlich in den Werken der großen Tonkünstler der letzten Zeit, bei Beethoven, Wagner, Bruckner. Da wird es einem so gehen, wie es mir vor einigen Tagen gegangen ist, wo ich mich eigentlich gewehrt habe gegen eine Erkenntnis, weil sie zu frappierend ist. Es gibt in Florenz die Mediceer-Kapelle, wo Michelangelo die zwei Denkmäler der Mediceer geschaffen hat und vier allegorische Figuren, «Tag und Nacht, Morgen- und Abenddämmerung». Man redet leicht von frostiger Allegorie; aber wenn man sich die vier Figuren ansieht, so erscheinen sie doch als etwas anderes denn als frostige Allegorien. Da ist eine Figur, die «Nacht». Sehen Sie, daß es mit der Forschung auf diesem Gebiete nicht besonders gut steht, hat sich mir deshalb schon gezeigt, daß überall gefunden wird, daß von den beiden Mediceer-Denkmälern von Lorenzo und Giuliano, Lorenzo derjenige ist, der für den Sinnenden gehalten wird. Nun hat sich mir vom okkulten Standpunkte gezeigt, daß das gerade umgekehrt ist, denn derjenige, den die Historiker als Lorenzo ansprechen, ist der Giuliano und umgekehrt. Das wird sich auch historisch beweisen lassen aus dem Charakter der beiden Persönlichkeiten. Die Denkmäler stehen auf Postamenten, es wird eben im Laufe der Zeiten wahrscheinlich eine Verwechslung stattgefunden haben. Das wollte ich nicht eigentlich sagen, ich wollte nur bemerken, daß da die Dinge in der äußeren Forschung etwas hapern.

An einer der Figuren, an der, die als «Nacht» bezeichnet wird, kann man gerade recht künstlerische Studien machen, wie die Gebärden sind, wie die Stellung ist des ruhenden Körpers, das Haupt in die Hand gestützt, der Arm auf das Bein, wie dies gestellt ist — wenn man das also alles künstlerisch studiert, kann man das Ganze dann so zusammenfassen, daß man sagt: Wenn der Ätherleib ganz besonders tätig ist im Menschen und wenn das dargestellt werden sollte, so müßte es in dieser Weise dargestellt werden; so drückt sich das in der Gebärde, in der Äußerlichkeit aus, wenn der Mensch ruht. Wenn der Mensch schläft, ist der ätherische Leib am meisten tätig. Die angemessenste Stellung hat Michelangelo in der «Nacht» geschaffen. Wie die Gestalt daliegt, ist das der wirksame Ausdruck für den tätigen Ätherleib, den Lebensleib.

Wenn man zum «Tag» übergeht, der auf der anderen Seite liegt, ist das der angemessenste Ausdruck für das Ich; die Gestalt der «Morgendämmerung» für den Astralleib, die des «Abends» für den physischen Leib. Das sind keine Allegorien, sondern das sind aus dem Leben heraus gewonnene Wahrheiten, mit einer ungeheuer künstlerisch bedeutsamen Tiefe da verewigt. Ich habe mich gewehrt gegen diese Erkenntnis, aber je genauer ich studiert habe, desto klarer ist es geworden. Ich wundere mich jetzt nicht mehr über eine Legende, die damals in Florenz entstanden ist. Es hieß, Michelangelo habe Macht über die «Nacht»; wenn er allein mit ihr in der Kapelle sei, stehe sie auf und gehe herum. Wenn sie der Ausdruck ist für den Ätherleib, ist es kein Wunder. Ich wollte damit nur sagen, wie klar und anschaulich alles wird, wenn wir immer mehr und mehr lernen, alles vom Standpunkte des Okkultismus anzuschauen. |

Am meisten aber wird beigetragen zur Entwickelung des geistigen Lebens und der Kultur, wenn der Mensch dem Menschen so gegenübertritt, daß er voraussetzt und ahnt das okkult Verborgene. Dann wird das rechte Verhältnis von Mensch zu Mensch gewonnen werden, und die Liebe wird einziehen in die menschliche Seele in der Gestalt, in der sie wirklich echt menschlich ist, wo der Mensch dem Menschen entgegentritt so, daß der Mensch dem Menschen ein heiliges Rätsel ist. In diesem Verhalten kultiviert sich erst, was das richtige Verhältnis der Menschenliebe ist.

So wird Geisteswissenschaft dasjenige sein, was nicht stets zu betonen braucht äußerliche Pflege von allgemeiner Menschenliebe, sondern sie wird dasjenige sein, was diese Menschenliebe durch die rechte und wahrhaft echte Erkenntnis im menschlichen Seelenleben empfangen wird.

The Latest Findings of Occult Research on Life Between Death and Rebirth

It is a great pleasure for me to be here with you this evening during my stay in Vienna, which has been necessitated by other matters.

I would like to speak to you this evening, my dear friends, since this is an exceptional gathering, about something that is, one might say, rather intimate, which can only be discussed in the close circle of those who have been working in spiritual science for a long time.

It is now the case in occult research that one cannot really look often enough, as it were, to see how things are, things that are investigated and searched through again and again, that are proclaimed again and again, and that, because they are in the spiritual world, which is not so easily accessible to human beings, and therefore easily misinterpreted or inaccurately perceived by researchers themselves in one direction or another. For this reason, it is necessary to check and recheck again and again. Certainly, the main facts of the supersensible life have been established for thousands of years, but it is difficult to describe them. And that is why it has given me deep satisfaction that in recent times I have been able to deal more intimately with a field that is important on the side of occultism: the field of life between death and a new birth. Certainly, it is not necessarily new things that come to light on such an occasion, but many things make it possible to say things more accurately and precisely again and again. So today I would like to speak about this period of human life that is so important for supersensible knowledge, the period between death and rebirth; not so much about the next realm, which has often been discussed in the writings and also here, the so-called Kamaloka realm, but about what follows it, about the actual abode of the human being in the spiritual world between death and rebirth. I would like to precede this description with just a few words.

What lies between death and rebirth is learned through initiation, through initiation, or by passing through the gate of death. Usually, the difference is not taken seriously enough, between all the knowledge we can acquire about the sensory world, in which we always stand with our senses and our intellect, and about the spiritual world, which we enter either through initiation while still in this body, in this physical existence, or without this body, when we have passed through the gate of death. In a sense, everything is reversed in this spiritual world. I would like to mention two characteristics that clearly show how the spiritual world differs significantly from the ordinary sensory world.

Let us consider our existence in this sensory world during our waking state from morning to evening. We see that the things we perceive through our eyes and ears come to us; and we seek out, so to speak, only the higher realms of life, the realms of knowledge and art, which we must actively bring to ourselves, in which we must participate — but the rest of our external life, that demands our attention, truly brings everything that is meant to affect our senses and our intellect to us from morning to night. Wherever we go, on the street, however we live, everything and everyone, every moment has its impressions, and we do nothing, with the exceptions mentioned, to bring them about; they come of their own accord.

It is different with what happens through us in the physical world; there we must be active, we must move from place to place, we must stir ourselves. These are the significant characteristics of daily life, that what presents itself to our knowledge happens without our doing anything. As grotesque as it is, in the spiritual world it is the opposite. In the spiritual world, one cannot act, be active, or bring about anything by going from one place to another; nor can one bring about anything in the spiritual world by moving organs that are analogous to physical hands, so to speak. Rather, what is necessary above all else for something to happen to us in the spiritual world is absolute peace of mind.

The calmer we can be, the more happens through us in the spiritual world, so that we cannot speak of anything happening in the spiritual world when we rush about and hurry, but rather by developing, in complete peace of mind, a greater loving interest in what is to happen, and then waiting to see how things develop. This peace of mind, which is creative in the spiritual world, has hardly any equivalent in ordinary physical life, but it does exist in higher realms on the physical plane, in the life of knowledge and in the life of art. There you have something analogous. The artist cannot actually create the highest that he is capable of according to his abilities if he cannot wait, if he cannot wait in complete peace of mind until the right moment has come, until intuition comes. Those who want to create according to a program can only produce inferior products. Anyone who wants to create any work, even the smallest, in response to some external occasion, will not achieve it as well as if they can wait with loving devotion and calm for the moment of inspiration, or, we might also say, for the moment of grace. It is the same in the spiritual world: there is no rushing or pushing, there is only peace of mind.

Basically, this must also be the case with the spread of our movement. All external agitation, all external attempts to impose spiritual science on people, basically lead to nothing. It is best if we can wait until people show themselves in our lives who have a need in their souls to hear something, who want to incline themselves toward the spiritual, and we should not develop the need to bring everyone to spiritual science. We will find that the more calm, agitation-free calm we can develop, the more people will come to us, whereas brusque agitation will only push people away. When a public lecture is given, it is only to say what needs to be said; those who want to take it in can take it in. In this respect, our whole life within the spiritual scientific movement must be a reflection of the spiritual, so that we let what is to happen happen and wait for it with equanimity.

Let us take an initiated person who has recognized that at a certain point in time something is to happen from the spiritual world. I have often drawn attention to an important moment when something happened from the spiritual world, only it is not yet apparent to such an extraordinary degree. That was in 1899, at the end of the Little Kali Yuga. That was essentially the year that brought a certain impulse, which was destined to give people from within, to awaken in their souls, what had basically been given in earlier times through external things, which were called chance, from the spiritual world. I would like to cite a specific case: In the twelfth century, there lived a certain Norbert. He founded an order. At first, he led a rather worldly, one might say dissolute life, when he was struck by a bolt of lightning. Such events often occur in the lives of individuals throughout history; a bolt of lightning can shake the physical and etheric bodies. His whole life was changed. It is as if an external cause is used by the spiritual world to help change people. Such coincidences often occur; they shake up the entire connection between the physical and etheric bodies and completely change the person concerned. This was also the case here. But these are not coincidences; they are well-prepared facts in the spiritual world designed to change people. From 1899 onwards, these facts became more and more intimate, much less external, much more effective through the inner life; the human soul became internalized. And indeed, with such an upheaval in the world as in 1899, all beings and powers from the spiritual world must be involved, but also all initiates who live here. They do not say, “Prepare yourselves!” — they do not say this to people's ears, but it happens in such a way that the impulse comes from within, that people learn to understand it from within. Then people remain calm in their souls, occupy themselves with the thought, allow this thought to work within them, and wait. And the calmer they become with the thought in their souls, the more powerfully such spiritual events come. So, wait for this blessing! It is preferable that we wait and see what will happen to us in the spiritual world.

It is different with knowledge in everyday life; there we have to bring everything to ourselves, we have to acquire it, we have to work to bring it to ourselves, so to speak. A rose that we find along the way delights us in this physical world; on the spiritual plane, this would not happen. Nothing similar to a rose on the physical plane would appear to us if we did not make an effort to enter certain spiritual realms in order to bring things to ourselves. What we do here in our actions, we must do in our spiritual recognition; and conversely, what is to happen through us, we must wait for in peace and only, so to speak, allow it to reach us from the spiritual world into the physical world. The higher activities of human beings form a reflection of what happens in the spiritual world. Therefore, it is necessary that those who want to understand through their souls the truths that are to come through spiritual science develop the following two qualities more and more: love for spiritual life, which leads them to actively bring the spiritual world into being, and this is the surest way to enable us to bring things to ourselves again and again — and calmness, peace of mind, a calmness that does not vainly and ambitiously seek success, but wants to be gifted, to be able to wait for inspiration. This waiting is difficult in concrete cases. But a thought that we should have again and again in our souls can lead us beyond many things. It is difficult to grasp because it goes very much against our vanity. This thought is that, in the context of the world, it is indifferent whether something happens through us or through another person. This should not prevent us from doing everything that is incumbent upon us; it should not prevent us from doing our duty, but it should prevent us from rushing and bustling about. How much every human being likes to be capable, to be able to do something. It takes a certain resignation to like just as much that someone else can do something. One should not love something because one does it oneself, but love it because it is in the world, regardless of whether it is through us or through others. This thought leads us surely to selflessness if we think it again and again. Such moods are necessary in order to settle into the spiritual world, not only to always investigate, but also to understand what is being investigated. Much more important than visions, which must also be there, are these moods, and it is precisely so that we can judge the visions that such moods are necessary.

Visions—one only has to utter this word and everyone who has given even a little thought to what visions actually are knows what is meant—but our whole life after death, when the Kamaloka is over, is actually a life in visions. When a person has passed through the gate of death, left Kamaloka behind, and entered the actual spiritual world, they live in a world that is just as if they were surrounded on all sides by visions; only these visions are images of realities. And one can very well say that while we perceive the physical world through colors that enchant the eye and through sounds that reach the ear, we also perceive the spiritual world, even after we have passed through the gate of death, as visions in which we are woven. Now, because I want to speak more intimately about these things, I will have a lot to say in a more narrative form, which may seem somewhat grotesque at first, but which is the result of genuine spiritual research.

Kamaloka itself, when described in terms of content, proceeds as I have described in my “Theosophy”; but it can be characterized in another way. Once a person has passed through the gate of death, where does he feel himself to be? one might ask. And one can answer this question: Where is the person during his Kamaloka period? One can even express in words that can be grasped physically the space where the person is during Kamaloka life. If you imagine the space between the Earth and the Moon, with human beings detached from the Earth but still entirely within the space between the Earth and the Moon, in that spherical space that results when you consider the Moon's orbit as the outermost ring, away from the Earth but still within this space — that is where human beings are during the Kamaloka period. When the Kamaloka period is over, the human being leaves this circle and enters the real heavenly space. As I said, it sounds grotesque, but it is so. In this direction, too, one realizes through truly conscientious research that these things are opposite to those on the physical plane here. We are bound to the earth from outside, surrounded by the earthly and separated from the heavenly spheres; after death, the earth is removed from us, and we are together with the heavenly spheres. As long as we are inside the lunar sphere, we are in Kamaloka, which means that we have the desire to still be connected to the earth, and we come out when we have learned through Kamaloka life to renounce emotions, passions, and desires. Unlike what we are accustomed to here, we must now imagine our stay in the spiritual world. There we are spread out over the whole space, we feel ourselves everywhere inside the whole space. Therefore, life, whether that of an initiate or of a human being after death, is a feeling of spreading out into space, and one becomes so large after death or as an initiate that one is then limited by the moon's orbit as one is now by the skin. Yes, that is how it is, and it is of no use to express such things in words that are more easily forgiven in the present age, because that does not express them more correctly. In public lectures, one must leave out such shocking things, but for those who have been studying spiritual science for a long time, it is good to call things by their true names.

Then, after the Kamaloka life, we continue to grow, and this now depends on certain qualities that we have already acquired here. For a long time after death, the way in which we can expand into the next sphere depends on what we have developed on earth in terms of moral constitution, moral concepts, and feelings. One can say that the person who has developed the qualities of compassion and love, the qualities that are usually called moral goodness, lives into the next sphere in such a way that he can become acquainted with the beings who are otherwise in that sphere and can live together with them, while the person who brings deficient morality into this sphere lives there like a hermit. This is the best way to describe how morality prepares us for coexistence with the spiritual world; the immorality of our hearts, thoughts, and behavior in the physical world condemns us to the tormenting loneliness in which we always long to get to know others but cannot. And either as hermits or as sociable spirits, who are a blessing in the spiritual world, we live in the second sphere, which in occultism has always been called the sphere of Mercury. Today it is called Venus in external astronomy; as is well known, there has been a reversal of names, as has often been said. Human beings extend their being as far as the circle of today's morning and evening stars, whereas in earlier times they only extended as far as the moon. Now something peculiar occurs. Up to the sphere of the moon, we are still occupied with earthly conditions, but even beyond that, the relationship to the earth has not completely crumbled away; we still know everything we have done and thought on earth; just as we can now remember something, so we know it, and—you see, my dear friends—once again, remembering is easily tormenting! — When we are still living on Earth and we have wronged someone or have not loved someone whom we should have loved sufficiently, it is up to us to avert the consequences; we can go to them and confront them and so on. From the sphere of Mercury onwards, this is no longer the case. We can see all circumstances in our memory, and they remain intact, but we can no longer change them.

Let us suppose that someone has died before us whom we should have loved because of circumstances on earth, but whom we did not love enough. We meet him—we actually meet the people with whom we were connected after death—but we meet him as we were toward him and cannot change that at first. So there is a reproach living within us that we did not love him enough, but we can no longer change our character here so that we could love him a little more now. What we established on earth remains, but we cannot change it. It is precisely this fact, that we enter into correct, unchangeable perceptions with regard to love, that struck me very strongly in my recent research this summer, and through such things one becomes aware of many things that otherwise escape human notice, and I would like to give you a sense of this, so to speak. Through knowledge of the spiritual world, one learns this peculiar fact that one lives in the sphere of Mercury, as I said, with all people in the old relationships, which one cannot change at first. Looking back and developing what one has already developed, one lives.

Now, I can safely say that I have studied Homer a great deal in my life, but one passage only became completely clear to me when what I have just mentioned came so powerfully to me in occult research; this is the passage where Homer calls the realm after death the land of shadows, where nothing can change. One can interpret it intellectually, but what the artist wants to say about the spiritual world, speaking as a prophet, can only be understood when one has made the relevant discovery in spiritual research. This is true of every true artist; he does not need to know in his everyday thoughts what flows to him from inspiration. And what humanity has received through its artists over the centuries will not fade away with the spread of the spiritual movement, but will become more and more profound, and light will certainly dawn on people about their true artists when they enter the spiritual world through occult research, the world from which artists are inspired. However, those who are often considered artists of an age but are not, will not receive such enlightenment. Some figures of the day will be recognized as having no inspiration from the spiritual world.

The next sphere can be called the Venus sphere in occultism; there we extend our being to Mercury, which is occultly called Venus; we extend our being to that point. In this sphere, something once again has a great influence on human beings, and this influence is such that those who have it become, so to speak, sociable spirits, while those who do not have it become lonely spirits; the absence of this something is terribly tormenting — this is the religious moment. The more religious we have become, the more sociable we become in this sphere. People who lack religious sentiment shut themselves off from beings who, so to speak, cannot go beyond a certain shell or envelope that surrounds them. We get to know our friends, let us say, even though they are hermits, but we cannot get close to them; we always feel as if we had to break through a shell, which we cannot break through. If we do not have religious inwardness, we freeze, so to speak, in this Venus sphere.

Then comes a sphere, strange as it may sound, when human beings — and everyone does this after death — live their way into this sphere, they feel themselves expanded to our sun. It will not be long before we think differently about the heavenly bodies than today's astronomy assumes. We ourselves are connected to this sun; there is a time between death and a new birth when we become sun beings. But now something else is necessary: for the first sphere, moral life is necessary; for the Venus sphere, religious life is necessary; for the sun sphere, it is necessary that we truly know the nature and essence of the sun spirits, especially the chief sun spirit, the Christ, and that we have created a connection to him on earth. This connection is as follows: when people still had ancient clairvoyance, they found this connection by living themselves into it through ancient divine grace; this then disappeared, and the mystery of Golgotha, with its preparation in the Old Testament, was there to make the sun being understandable to people. Today, the old way, in which people have naively risen up to Christ since the mystery of Golgotha, is no longer sufficient; today, spiritual science must make the world comprehensible from the point of view of a solar being. The first time this was truly understood was in the Middle Ages, when the legend of the Grail originated in Europe in its true, deeper meaning. Through the understanding of what is again given through the spiritual movement, we are regaining precisely what was brought by the high sun spirit, Christ, who descended and now has become the earth spirit through the mystery of Golgotha. This impulse, given through the mystery of Golgotha, is capable of uniting all religious confessions throughout the world in peace through spiritual science. This remains the fundamental requirement of spiritual science: to treat every religion with equal devotion, not to give preference to any religion for any external reasons. If, for example, our movement is accused of placing the mystery of Golgotha at the center of world evolution and of giving preference to the Christian religion, this is a completely unjust accusation. Let us agree on what such an accusation would mean. If a Buddhist or Brahmin came to us and made this accusation, we would say to him: Does it matter what is written in religious books, and is it a disadvantage to a religion if one does not reject everything that is not written in these books? Can't every Buddhist accept the Copernican worldview without ceasing to be a Buddhist? This is a step forward for humanity as a whole. And so the realization that the mystery of Golgotha stands at the center of world evolution is a step forward for the entire evolution of humanity, whether it is written in the old books or not, and to expect us not to think this way because of the Chinese or Buddhist religions would be the same as if these religions were banned throughout Europe. to accept the Copernican worldview because it is not written in their books. But it is precisely this understanding of the mystery of Golgotha — when one recognizes what happened there — that makes us a social spirit after death in the solar sphere. In general, it is like this: At the moment we pass beyond the moon, something happens that we can now also describe spiritually within ourselves — we are surrounded by visions. When we meet a deceased friend after death, it is a vision, but it is he himself, he lives in this reality; but they are visions that are built up on the memory of what we have done here.

Later, outside the sphere of the moon, this is still the case, but then the spiritual beings of the higher hierarchies shine upon us. It is as if the sun rises and gilds the clouds. This is how it is in the sphere of the sun. But we only get to know the spiritual hierarchies in the Mercury sphere if we are filled with religious sentiment, and in the Sun sphere only if we are filled with a Yahwist-Christian mood. Then the outer spiritual beings approach us. Again, something highly remarkable is revealed, and what I have said is confirmed by objective occult research: beyond the moon, the human being is woven like a cloud of spirit and is illuminated by spiritual beings as soon as he enters Mercury. This is why the Greeks called Mercury the messenger of the gods, because in this sphere high spiritual beings illuminate human beings. These are the great, powerful impressions we receive when we develop from the circle of occult research what humanity has created, what has been given as art and myth.

Thus we live our way into the sun sphere, permeated by Christ. Then we live on and enter a region where we have the sun beneath us as we formerly had the earth beneath us. We begin to look back at the sun — and something very strange begins. At that moment, we begin to recognize another spirit in its own peculiar way, the spirit of Lucifer.

What Lucifer is, we cannot understand unless we have been initiated into occult science or through life after death. Only when we have arrived beyond the sphere of the sun do we learn to recognize him as he was before he became Lucifer, when he was still a brother of Christ. For he only became different when Lucifer remained behind and detached himself from progress in the cosmos. And the evil he can do extends only as far as the sun. Above that is another sphere where Lucifer can carry on his work as it was before he broke away. There's nothing harmful in what he does there, and once we've properly connected ourselves with the mystery of Golgotha, we'll go, guided by Christ and welcomed by Lucifer, into the even higher spheres of the universe. The name Lucifer is well chosen, as the ancients always chose wise names. When we have the sun beneath us, the sunlight is also beneath us. We then need a new light bearer to shine us out into the world space. We then enter the sphere of Mars. As long as we were under the sun, we looked out toward the sun; now the sun is beneath us and we look out into the vast universe. And we perceive this vast universe through what is always called and so little understood, in the true sense through the music of the spheres, through a kind of spiritual music. The visions in which we are immersed become less and less significant, while what we hear and perceive spiritually becomes increasingly significant. The world bodies do not appear to us in such a way that we measure, like earthly astronomers, whether one is moving quickly or slowly — the fast or slow agreement results in the sound of the harmony of the worlds. And what the human being experiences inwardly in this process is that he feels more and more that the only thing that remains for him in this region is what he has absorbed as spiritual on earth. In this way, he develops his acquaintance with the beings of this sphere and remains a sociable spirit. People who shut themselves off from the spiritual today do not enter the spiritual world, despite their moral and religious life. There is nothing that can be done about this. It is, of course, entirely possible that such people will join us in the next incarnation. All materialistic people, when they pass beyond the sun into the sphere of Mars, become hermits; there is no other way. As foolish as it may seem to some, it is nevertheless true; the entire monistic union will not be able to continue once its followers have reached the sphere of the sun, because its followers cannot come together, because each one is a hermit.

On Mars, people who have acquired spiritual understanding here on Earth will have yet another experience. And since we are already speaking more intimately today, this may also be said. Within our worldview, as we develop it as spiritual science in the West, the question may be asked: What happened to a spirit such as the Buddha after his last incarnation on Earth? I have already pointed this out, haven't I? The Buddha underwent his last incarnation as Gautama six hundred years before Christ. If you have followed my lectures closely, you will know that he worked again, so to speak — he no longer needed to incarnate as Buddha — he only worked spiritually at the birth of the child Luke Jesus. He worked spiritually from higher spheres down to Earth; but where is he himself? In Sweden, in Norrköping, I pointed to an even later influence of Buddha on Earth. In the eighth century, there was a place of initiation in Europe, on the Black Sea, where Buddha lived spiritually in a disciple, namely in a disciple who later became Francis of Assisi. In his earlier incarnation in the eighth century, Francis of Assisi was therefore a disciple of Buddha and absorbed all the qualities necessary to work in the strange way that he did as Francis of Assisi. In many ways, his community cannot be distinguished from followers of Buddha, except that the one group were followers of Buddha and the other were Christians. This was a consequence of his having been a disciple of Buddha, the spiritual Buddha, in his previous life. But where is Buddha himself, where is he who lived as Gautama? He has become for Mars what Christ became for Earth; he has carried out a kind of mystery of Golgotha for Mars, and Buddha has brought about the peculiar redemption of the people of Mars; he lives there among them. And for him, his life on Earth was the right preparation for redeeming the people of Mars, but his redemption was not like the mystery of Golgotha, but something different.

Spiritually, however, man lives in the Mars sphere during the time indicated, then he lives on, then he lives his way into the Jupiter sphere. In the sphere of Jupiter, the connection with the earth, which previously still existed to a small extent, becomes completely meaningless for the human being; the sun still has a slight effect on the human being, but the cosmos has a powerful effect on him. This is how it appears: everything works in from the outside and the human being absorbs the cosmic. The entire cosmos works through the harmony of the spheres, which takes on ever-changing forms the further we explore life between death and a new birth. It is difficult to characterize this life, this change in the harmony of the spheres; since these things cannot be expressed in earthly words, one could say, by way of comparison: The music of the spheres changes as it passes from Mars to Jupiter in the same way as orchestral music changes to vocal music. It becomes more and more tone, that which permeates the tone as meaning, as the expression of being. The music of the spheres acquires content when we enter the sphere of Jupiter, and in the sphere of Saturn it becomes complete content, the expression of the world word from which all things are created, and which is meant in the Gospel of John: “In the beginning was the Word...” This Word is the sounding forth of cosmic law and wisdom. Then, when he is prepared — the spiritual human being goes further, the non-spiritual less far — he enters even further spheres, but he also passes into a completely different state from the one he was in before. And if one wants to characterize this later state, one would have to say: From the point where man has stepped beyond Saturn, a spiritual sleep begins, whereas what preceded it was a spiritual waking. From this point on, consciousness is dampened, a drowsiness sets in, and this drowsiness in turn allows man to experience things that he has not experienced before. Just as we remove fatigue in sleep and supply ourselves with new strength, so, through the dulling of consciousness, spiritual forces from the cosmos flow in when we have become, so to speak, a far, far extended spiritual sphere. First we sensed it, then we heard it as a world orchestra, then it sang, then we heard it as words, then we fell asleep and it permeated us, and during this time we went back through all these spheres under the dulling of consciousness; our consciousness became duller and duller, we contracted, slowly or quickly depending on our karma, and during this contraction the forces coming from the solar system reappeared. We go back from sphere to sphere. We are not receptive to the lunar sphere when we return from the cosmos; we pass through it, so to speak, untouched and uninhibited, and then we are in such a state that we contract and contract so that we can unite with the little human germ, which then undergoes its development before birth. And there will be nothing true in all of physiology and embryology if you do not obtain this from occult research, from these facts; for the human germ is a reflection of the great cosmos. It carries the entire cosmos within itself; what happens materially between conception and birth and forms itself as a human being, but also what the human being has gone through in the world sleep, it carries within itself as a force in a germ state.

Here we touch upon a wonderful mystery which, in our time, only artists have hinted at and depicted, but it will be understood even better—say, with the Tristan question—than what lives in it, the Tristan mood, when we once feel in the love of Tristan and Isolde the influx of the whole cosmic, which we come to know in its true form precisely by passing through the entire development of the human being from death to a new birth. What is brought in from the cosmos, what has been brought in from Saturn, has an effect on lovers who are brought together. Many things are made into cosmic events, but they must not be analyzed intellectually; rather, what connects human beings in reality with the entire cosmos must be felt. Therefore, spiritual science will certainly lead humanity to develop a new piety, which is a true, genuine religiosity, in which that which often manifests itself as the smallest thing appears to have arisen from the cosmos. We learn to connect what lives in the human breast to its origin in the right, wise form when we consider it in connection with the cosmos. In this way, what emanates from spiritual science can pour out over the whole of life, over the whole of humanity that is to come, creating a truly new mood. Artists have prepared the way for this, but the real understanding must in many cases first be created through the spiritual mood.

These are a few hints I wanted to give you based on recent intimate research into human life between death and rebirth. There is nothing in spiritual science that does not touch us in our deepest feelings; nothing remains an abstract idea when we grasp and understand it correctly. The flower gives us more pleasure when we look at it than when the botanist dissects it. The distant world of the stars can give us a sense of intuition, but what lives there only becomes clear to us when we can lift our souls up into the spheres. The plant loses something when it is dissected; the world of the stars loses nothing when we go beyond it and recognize how the spirit is connected to it.

Kant uttered a strange word, but only as someone who had grasped ethics one-sidedly: two things touched him strangely, the starry sky above him and the moral world within him. Both are actually the same; we only take them in from the heavenly worlds within us. If we have something moral, if we are born with it, it is because, when we fall asleep, during our regression, the sphere of Mercury was able to give us much, and the sphere of Venus, when we appear with religious feelings. Just as we wake up in the morning here in earthly life strengthened, with renewed energy, so we are born with what the cosmos has given us as a strengthening force; we can take it up according to our karma. To the extent that karma allows, the cosmos can give us the forces so that we are born with them as predispositions.

Thus, life between death and rebirth is divided into two parts. At first, it is unchangeable. We then live our lives, beings come to us; we fall asleep, and then it becomes changeable; the forces with which we are born enter into us. When we consider human development in this way, we see at the same time that, as human beings develop after death, they first live in a world of visions. What human beings are spiritually and soulfully, they learn to recognize later. Then beings come from outside, which, like the golden morning sunlight illuminating the things of the outer world, now illuminate us; thus we live our way upward, thus the spiritual world penetrates us. This living into the spiritual world from outside first emerges when what we ourselves are in our visionary world has become, so to speak, fully mature, when we as human beings encounter the beings of the spiritual world, who approach us from all sides like rays of light.

Now put yourself in the spiritual world, as if you could watch. There the human being comes up as a visionary cloud, there he is truly what he actually is. Then the beings come up to him and illuminate him from outside. You cannot see the rose in the darkness; when we light the light, the light falls on the rose, and that is why we see the rose as it is. This is what happens when a person goes out into the spiritual world: the light of the spiritual beings comes to him. But there is a moment when the person is clearly visible, when he is illuminated by the light of the hierarchies, so that he actually reflects the entire outer world, and then the whole cosmos appears to be reflected back from the person. So you can imagine: first you live on as a cloud that is not sufficiently illuminated, then you reflect the light of the cosmos back, and then you dissolve. There is such a moment when human beings reflect the cosmic light back. Up to that point, one can rise. Dante says in his “Divina Commedia” that in a certain part of the spiritual world one sees God as a human being. This passage is meant to be taken literally; it cannot be understood in any other way. One can accept it as something beautiful, as aesthetes do, but one cannot understand its inner meaning. This is another case where we see the spiritual world reflected in the works of artists, particularly in the works of the great composers of recent times, such as Beethoven, Wagner, and Bruckner. One feels the same way I did a few days ago, when I actually resisted a realization because it was too striking. In Florence, there is the Medici Chapel, where Michelangelo created the two monuments to the Medici family and four allegorical figures, “Day and Night, Dawn and Dusk.” It is easy to speak of frosty allegory, but when you look at the four figures, they appear to be something other than frosty allegories. There is one figure, “Night.” The fact that research in this field is not particularly well advanced has already shown me that everywhere it is found that of the two Medici monuments by Lorenzo and Giuliano, Lorenzo is the one who is considered to be the thinker. Now, from an occult point of view, it has become clear to me that the opposite is true, for the one whom historians refer to as Lorenzo is Giuliano, and vice versa. This can also be proven historically from the character of the two personalities. The monuments stand on pedestals, and it is likely that a confusion has occurred over the course of time. I didn't really want to say that, I just wanted to point out that there are some flaws in the external research.

One of the figures, the one referred to as “Night,” is particularly suitable for artistic study: the gestures, the position of the resting body, the head resting on the hand, the arm on the leg, how this is positioned—if one studies all of this artistically, one can summarize the whole thing by saying: When the etheric body is particularly active in human beings and this is to be depicted, it must be depicted in this way; this is expressed in the gestures, in the outward appearance, when the human being is at rest. When a person sleeps, the etheric body is most active. Michelangelo created the most appropriate position in “The Night.” The way the figure lies there is the effective expression of the active etheric body, the life body.

When we move on to “Day,” which lies on the other side, this is the most appropriate expression for the I; the figure of “Dawn” represents the astral body, and that of “Evening” the physical body. These are not allegories, but truths gained from life, immortalized here with tremendous artistic significance and depth. I resisted this realization, but the more closely I studied it, the clearer it became. I am no longer surprised by a legend that originated in Florence at that time. It was said that Michelangelo had power over the “night”; when he was alone with her in the chapel, she would stand up and walk around. If she is the expression of the etheric body, it is no wonder. I just wanted to say how clear and vivid everything becomes when we learn more and more to view everything from the standpoint of occultism.

However, the greatest contribution to the development of spiritual life and culture is made when people approach one another in such a way that they presuppose and sense the occult hidden realm. Then the right relationship between human beings will be achieved, and love will enter the human soul in the form in which it is truly genuine, where human beings encounter one another in such a way that each human being is a sacred mystery to the other. It is only in this behavior that the right relationship of human love is cultivated.

Thus, spiritual science will be that which does not always need to emphasize the outward cultivation of universal human love, but will be that which receives this human love through true and genuine knowledge in the human soul life.