The Work of the Ego in Childhood
A Contributing towards an Understanding of Christ
GA 127
25 February 1911, Zurich
Translated by D. S. Osmond
Originally published in Anthroposophical Quarterly, Volume 21, Number 4, Winter 1976.
In a public lecture such as the one given yesterday on Spiritual Science and the Future of Man, account must always be taken of the very limited receptive capacity of the world today. In our time, data of knowledge that are essential for humanity do indeed flow down from the spiritual worlds but can be accepted open mindedly only by very few people. To most individuals who have not prepared themselves adequately for the reception of such knowledge, the deeper aspects of our Spiritual Science prove to be something of a shock, something that seems fantastic or dreamlike.
All the more it behoves us to deepen our feeling for the most significant questions that arise in the course of fairly lengthy study in a Group. And now I want to speak of the need for a closer study of the great truth of the implanting of the Ego, the ‘I’, in man and to indicate that the subject is more complicated than it is usually thought to be at the present time.
We have heard that during the period of Old Saturn man was endowed with the rudiments of the physical body, during the period of Old Sun with that of the etheric body, during the period of Old Moon with that of the astral body, and that the essential task of our Earth evolution is the incorporation of the Ego into the other members of man’s constitution. Not until the end of Earth’s evolution will the human being be completely permeated—as is possible—by the Ego. If we study the man of Earth as such, we can say that the actual centre of his being is the Ego, the ‘I’ But then it must occur to us that in each of the different periods of our present life this Ego is connected with us differently, by no means always in the same Way. We must realise above all that the different members of our being are not understood when we simply enumerate them as physical body, etheric body, astral body and Ego. Now let us consider in what different ways the members can be connected with each other both during the various epochs of mankind’s evolution and during the single life of the human being.
Let us think, to begin with, of a child. We know that it is not until a comparatively late period that he learns to say ‘I’ of himself. This is very indicative. Although modern psychology, in its endeavours to be a bona tide science, does not grasp the fact, it is deeply significant that the inner experience, the mental conception of the ‘I’ wakens in the child comparatively late. In the very earliest years, until the age of 3 or 3½, although now and then the child babbles the sound ‘I’, he has no real experience of Egohood. You may come across a book by Heinrich Lhotzky entitled Die Seele deines Kindes (Your Child’s Soul) which contains the curious statement that the child learns to think before he learns to speak. This is nonsense, because it is by speaking that the child learns to think. Those who strive to grasp Spiritual Science must be cautious of what purports to be Science today. It is approximately) after the third year of life that a child learns for the first time to experience and be cognisant of the ‘I’.
This is connected with another fact, namely that in normal consciousness—not in higher, clairvoyant consciousness—we have no remembrance of our life before a certain point of time. If you think back over the past, you will realise that remembrance ceases at a certain point and does not extend as far as birth. What others have told us can often be confused with what we ourselves have experienced, but the thread breaks at approximately the point when the ‘I’ is experienced for the first time. A very young child has no such experience; it arises later on and it is then that a very dim kind of remembrance begins.
We now ask ourselves: if the experience of ‘I’ was not present during the first three years of life, was the ‘I’, the Ego, itself also not there in the child? The question to put to ourselves is this. Are we cognisant of something that is actually within us or is it within us without our knowledge? The Ego is indeed within the child only he is unaware of it, just as during sleep a person is connected with the Ego but is not cognisant of it. The fact is that we know of something, but that can be no criterion for us. We must say: the ‘I’ is present in the child but the child is not conscious of it.
What, then, is there to be said about the Ego? It has its own task to perform. If you were to investigate the human brain purely physically, you would find that just after birth it looks very imperfect compared with its later structure. Many of the finer convolutions have to be elaborated and moulded later on, during the subsequent years. This is what the ‘I’ achieves in the human being and because this is its task it cannot itself become conscious of it. The Ego has to elaborate the brain into a more delicately complicated structure, in order that later on the human being will be able to think. During the first years of life the Ego is very active.
When the Ego becomes conscious of itself, we could ask in vain: how have you managed to construct this brain with such artistry?—you will admit that during the whole span of life between birth and death the Ego does not develop consciousness on a par with that by which the brain is elaborated. Nevertheless we can ask ourselves the question. And the answer is that in its activity the Ego is under the guidance of the Beings of the higher Hierarchies. When we observe a child clairvoyantly, his Ego—as Ego-aura—is certainly there, but streams go out from this aura to the higher Hierarchies, to the Angels, Archangels, and so on; the forces of the Hierarchies stream in. Therefore when naive consciousness speaks of a child having a Guardian Angel, this is a very real truth. Later on this closer connection ceases; the ‘I’ experiences itself more in the nerves and can therefore become conscious of its own existence. A kind of detachment takes place. In the child a sort of ‘telephonic connection’ exists, inasmuch as the ‘I’ extends into the divine-spiritual Hierarchies. The statements of Spiritual Science must be taken seriously. I once said that the very wisest person can learn a great deal from a child. He can also learn a great deal because he need not look only at the child himself but also through him into the spiritual world, because in the child there is the ‘telephonic connection’ with the spiritual world—the connection that is ultimately severed.
Hence during the first three years of life we have before us a being quite different from the one who is there later on. Under the guidance of the Beings of the higher Hierarchies a childhood Ego works at the development of man’s instrument of thinking. This ‘I’, this Ego, then passes into the instruments themselves and can no longer work at them. Man’s instruments of thinking must then already have developed. Certainly they can develop to further stages, but the ‘I’ can no longer be working at this development.
The human being may therefore be thought of as twofold: the one we see during the first three and a half years, and the one which represents the rest of his life. In the language of esotericism, the first being is called the divine man, or the Son of God, because he is connected with the higher Hierarchies; the other is called the Son of Man. In the latter the Ego is present, moves the limbs and works—as far as it is possible to work—from within outwards. A distinction must therefore be made between the Son of God and the Son of Man.
The Son of God who is preeminently active for the first three and a half years of life embraces all the vitalising forces, stimulates the human being to pour these life giving forces in greater and ever greater measure into his organism. In comparison with those in an older person these forces are also health giving, strengthening factors. If we are not content in later life to be human beings who have to rely entirely on the senses and on the instrument of the physical body for our connection with the surrounding world but determine in our later years to strive upwards to the spiritual world, then we must contrive by some means to awaken these forces within ourselves; we must evoke the forces that are within us in earliest childhood, but with the difference that now we awaken them consciously, whereas a child awakens them unconsciously. In this respect too, therefore, it is obvious that man is a twofold being.
What is it, in reality, that is brought to light by these forces during the first three and a half years of life? In these forces—which are active under the direction of the higher Hierarchies—what is working over from earlier incarnations is asserting itself. You can easily convince yourselves of this by handling the human skull, where you find individual mounds and depressions. No skull is exactly similar to another, hence there is no universally valid Phrenology. Each case must be studied individually. The forces working in the formation of the human skull come over from earlier incarnations and their impetus ceases after the first three and a half years of life. During these years everything is still pliable and the spirit is still able to work in it. Later on, everything has become solid and the spirit can no longer come into play.
What, then, is responsible for the fact that in later life we are no longer able to work with these forces? To what is this due? It is due to the essential character of our Earth evolution. When the ‘I’ has become conscious of itself in the body, this presupposes that the body is very firmly knit and can no longer be elaborated by the forces just described. There are also forces which essentially belong to man as a generic being, which mould him in accordance with the architectural principles of the human form. Were we to work in the physical body with the forces of early childhood for more than the three and a half years which are the appropriate period, the physical body could not .survive. It would be rent asunder, shattered, for now the forces by which the physical body is attached to the line of physical heredity become operative. If the action of the other forces did not cease, the body would break up, disintegrate. The Son of Man within us brings about our destruction; the Son of God within us cannot offer resistance to the Son of Man after a period of three years. For all that, we bear this Son of God within us. These forces work within the physical body throughout life but they cannot participate directly in the up-building process. If we look within our own inmost being, however, we can nevertheless find the continuation of the Ego with the ‘telephonic connection’. It is only that the physical body has become too coarse, too solid, too wooden to enable the Son of God to mould it any further.
Thus the best forces are present in us during the first three to three and a half years of childhood. The whole of life is nourished by them but they are obscured. In an entirely different form they are nevertheless present in the later years of life. We are permeated by these forces but cannot allow them to come to direct expression. When through Spiritual Science we endeavour to acquire ideas and conceptions of the higher worlds, this will be all the easier, the more forces have remained in us of those that were within us during the first three years when our ‘I’, our Ego, was within us but without self-consciousness. The fresher, the more flexible these forces have remained, the less time-worn they have become in advanced age, the more easily we can bring about transformation in ourselves through these spiritual forces.
It is the very best part of manhood that we have within us during these early years, only the solid physical body prevents us from using these forces then to the fullest extent. Even if someone in his later years succeeds in developing them to a special extent, he cannot transform his physical body which is by no means as pliable as wax. But if through esoteric wisdom he is able to use these forces to the full, their power streams through the tips of his fingers, and he acquires the gift of healing, of health-bestowal, through the laying on of hands—if, that is to say, these spiritual forces are still active. They can no longer transform his body but when they stream out from him they bring about healing.
The goal of Earth evolution is to enable these forces—the best that are within us—to take effect. When the evolution of the Earth is at an end and we have lived through our many incarnations, we must consciously have permeated our whole being with the forces that are within us unconsciously during the first years of childhood. There is a difference between bearing these forces unconsciously and bearing them consciously. At the end of Earth evolution human beings must be completely permeated by this childhood consciousness. And then, because the process of expansion will be slow, the body will not burst asunder.
In world-evolution a prototype of penetration of the forces of childhood into mankind was necessary. Needless to say, this prototype could not be a child. It was necessary that an individual of a certain age should be permeated in full consciousness by the same forces by which all human beings are permeated unconsciously in earliest childhood. Suppose we were to remove his Ego from a human being, empty his Ego and pour into him the forces that are active in a child during the first years of life, he would become conscious of these forces with his developed brain. What had been active within him during the first years of childhood would become a conscious experience in him. For how long is a human life on Earth able to endure this? For no longer than three years, for then the body would be shattered. If there can be no transformation—in the case of man this takes place in the process of ordinary evolution—the human body can endure this state of things for no longer than three years. Were it possible for any being to bear the forces of early childhood consciously within himself, the karma of that being must be so adjusted that the physical body involved is shattered.
It is conceivable that what man attains through all the incarnations leading to the goal of Earth evolution can be brought to the notice of the world by a prototype, by an individual whose bodily nature makes it possible for his Ego to depart and be replaced by another Being. In such a case the human body would not tolerate the presence of the other Being for longer than three years. It would be the karma of the body to be shattered. And this actually happened. At the baptising by John in the Jordan we see this human body which made it possible for the Ego, the Zarathustra-Ego, to depart. A Being, the Christ Being, came down into this body, indwelt it for three years but could remain in it no longer. After three years the body broke up when the Mystery of Golgotha took place.
What was able to live for three years in a human body at that time must be tended and cherished by man and gradually, in the course of incarnations, made a living reality in his soul, in order that at the end of the incarnations it may be present in full strength.
A remarkable connection is apparent between the Son of God in man and the Christ Event. Everything to be found in the domain of occultism can be illuminated from different sides. Proofs such as are demanded by conventional science cannot satisfy occultism. Proofs must convince by virtue of truths being gathered together from all sides, truths which sustain and support each other. We can study the Christ Event from still another side by deriving it, as has been done today, from the very nature of man. We realise that the best way to understand the Christ is to develop the attitude of soul arising from such a truth. We must realise too that in a fully evolved human body, there was present in Jesus of Nazareth through the Baptism in Jordan a Being who is present in every human body, but unconsciously only, during the first three years of life. And then we must contemplate the three years when this child has become conscious. That is how understanding of the Christ can best be acquired.
Ancient utterances have different meanings. One such meaning is disclosed by the words: Unless you become as a little child you cannot enter into the Kingdoms of Heaven. There we have a glimpse of the deeper meaning often contained in single sentences of the religious texts.
Let us contemplate this life of childhood especially in the period when it is actually developing. Science today does not know much about what can contribute to the study of the true nature of man. In the first place we must realise clearly that from the very beginning man differs quite radically from all other beings. Take an example near at hand, let us say, an ape. Its gait is determined from the very outset because the characteristic equilibrium is established by the arrangement of its limbs. The human being cannot, to begin with, walk at all, for he must first bring about equilibrium in his body. Through the work of his Ego his limbs must be brought into the positions which enable him to stand upright and walk. Thus in the first years of childhood the Ego must work not only at moulding the brain but must also bring about the equilibrium that is not, from the beginning, established in the human being as it is in the animal. The bones of the human being must first be arranged in the angles necessary for the main-tenance of his centre of gravity, in order that he may be able to walk and make his way about. This capacity is implanted from the beginning in every animal, up to those of the highest species, whereas in the human being it must be acquired gradually though the work of the Ego. Before then he crawls about or falls down. He would be fettered to the same spot on the ground if his Ego was not at work during the first three years of his life.
We have already heard that the Ego works at man’s brain, sculps and moulds it into a form that enables him later on to become a being possessed of intelligence. Thus it can be said that we acquire the capacity to recognise the truth in life as a result of the Ego having moulded its instrument. It must become obvious to us that there can be no further life unless we bring it about by work and activity.
What further distinguishes man so radically from all other things is his speech. That capacity too must be acquired through the work of his Ego. Man is not, from the beginning, organised for speech. Cows utter the sound ‘moo’ but that is not speech. The acquisition of speech depends upon the Ego sojourning among other human Egos. If a human being were transported to a remote island he would not learn to speak. The coming of the second teeth is due to heredity; so too is the fact that we grow. The teeth would come even if we were on a lonely island. But it is through the Ego that we acquire the faculty of speech. These differences are important. Thus in human life, speech is the third faculty acquired through the Ego.
Through the activity of these forces the human beings finds his way on Earth, he recognises the truth and lives his life in common with the surrounding world. If a child were able to express what he thus acquires, he could say: the Ego within me transforms me in such a way that I am the Way, the Truth and the Life. Think of this translated into a higher, spiritual reality, and let us ask: what will be said to man by a Being who with fully conscious forces of childhood lives for three years in a human body? Such a Being will say: “I am the Way, the Truth and the Life.” In very fact, when the forces of childhood rise to a higher, fully conscious stage, there we have the great prototype of what is revealed at a lower stage in the child. Through Christ Jesus it becomes a basic, fundamental truth. Not only is the utterance “Except ye become as little children, ye cannot enter into the kingdoms of Heaven” incomprehensible without a knowledge of what Spiritual Science has to say about the connection with the life-giving forces of early childhood, but it is also true that we can best understand the radical utterance, “I am the Way, the Truth and the Life” when we recognise its prototype in what the Ego achieves by its activity in the body of early childhood.
Such truths make it possible for us to generate—if not for the body at least for the soul—some measures of the life-giving forces we need on the Earth. The man of today who does not acknowledge the reality of the spiritual world has no genuine feeling for such facts. If you go to a number of individuals in outer life and tell them something of what has been said here today: ‘Unless you become as a little child you cannot enter into the kingdoms of Heaven’—you will find that these people say: “Well, yes, these are quite clever analogies, but what use can be made of them?” They consider it more advantageous to go to some blood-curdling drama, if not anything worse! Those who have no feelings that these facts are significant will regard them as unjustifiable because it is in the feeling for such things that there lies the power to instil the gift of childhood into life. If we lack enthusiasm for the idea of Christ being compared with the activity of the human Ego during the first years of life, if we reject such a comparison as unjustifiable, then we have no faculty for kindling to life the forces of earliest childhood. Wizened scholars have so little power to awaken these forces and thereby to approach the reality of the spiritual world! But if we have the enthusiasm to concern ourselves with such truths, we can permeate our whole being with these forces.
Thereby something is given to an individual which enables him to uphold the principle of universality in his Christianity. Have I not often said that we are only at the beginning of a true conception of Christ? Until the twelfth or thirteenth century there was no possibility of hearing the Bible read. Christians were obliged to rely upon preaching and the proclamations of evangelists. Then came the Christianity which adhered strictly to the Bible, deriving its knowledge from that one source. We are not mindful of Christ’s power if we ignore His words: “I am with you until the end of the ages.” We are Christians when we realise that after Christ had once revealed Himself He will do so again, for anyone who has eyes to see Him. The content of the Gospels by no means represents all that Christ has to say. We should not constantly be quoting the words: “You could not bear it now”. Humanity must become mature enough to understand Christ’s declaration.
It also follows that we ought to be able to adopt the right attitude to what is revealed through the Baptism by John, namely, the manifestation of the health-giving, fertile forces of early childhood. That in itself would be a fruitful conception. Even if there were no human being who knew anything about the name of Christ or about the Gospels—we do not overstress the importance of names—what is all-important is the Being Himself. We leave it to others to say that an individual who does not swear allegiance to Buddha is no true adherent. What matters to us is the reality, not the name. This is the principle we follow when, for example, we recognise that during the first years of life there are within the human being forces which once streamed down into the body of Jesus of Nazareth.
Think of a remote, lonely island to which no single record of the Mystery of Golgotha has ever found its way. If human beings there through their spiritual life consciously draw the powers of earliest childhood into themselves until they reach old age, then they are Christians in the true sense of the word. In such circumstances there is no need for them to search in the Gospels, for Christianity in itself is a living power and will evolve to further and further stages.
There is a difference here that must be strictly remembered. We shall realise ever more clearly how intimately Christ’s mission is connected with the very being of the Earth. We shall be able to say that the mission of Christ is something that can be understood by contemplating man as he is today. The need to be filled with the power of Christ, to make a reality of Paul’s affirmation “Christ in me”, is confirmed when we say that the whole of our life must be dedicated to the transformation of what is present within us during the first years of childhood. Then the Christ is in us in very truth.
This realisation makes it possible to have a wide understanding of Christianity and reveals the prospect that it will take quite different forms. Times will come when Christ will be referred to in an entirely different way, when sources of an essentially different character will be in existence, when there will be no reference to the external history of the existence of such a Being, but when this fact will be revealed by the actual consciousness of mankind.
These matters are brought forward because they show how deeply Spiritual Science can influence man’s life of feeling and must become actual practice. It is only then that what we find in original sources becomes really intelligible to us. For many human beings, however, these original sources are verily a book with seven seals. At the end of the Earth’s existence, a man of today will have reached the stage where his soul is inwardly Christian in the truest sense. Today he is only at the beginning of this development. Nevertheless Christ lives within him and will do so in an ever wider sense through all the following incarnations.
What was the state of things before Christ came to the Earth, before He revealed Himself on the Earth? The Ego was then only in the preparatory stage, for it is by Christ that the Ego is given its very purpose and meaning. When the mission of a Being is in the preparatory stage, his predecessors must help him. Until the Mystery of Golgotha, man’s Ego was still at the stage of preparation. Until then it was necessary for other Beings to help man, Beings who had reached the human stage previously, namely, during the
Old Moon embodiment of the Earth. We know that these are the Beings of the Hierarchy immediately above us—the Angels. Their evolution has reached a stage higher than that reached by man. It was chiefly these Beings who took over the guidance of humanity before man was in a position to say: Christ gives my Ego purport and meaning. Man could not lead himself to Christ but had perforce to be led to Him by the Beings who are his elder Brothers.
The Bible records this with wonderful accuracy. Let us think of John, the forerunner of Christ Jesus. The true forerunner could not have been the Being who is presented in external history, for as we now know man had as yet no Ego. Therefore it cannot be strictly true to say that John the Baptist himself was Christ’s forerunner. Remarkably, the Gospel of St. Mark begins at once with the words: “I send my Angel before thee, who shall prepare thy way.” We must pay attention to something that theologians have, it is true, noticed in a very abstract form but ignored as a concrete reality. The external world is primarily maya. We must learn to see it in the right way and then it is no longer maya. The narration of the external events connected with John the Baptist on the physical plane, is maya. We do not understand them. The biblical picture of John the Baptist is maya. The truth is that an Angel lives in John, takes possession of his soul, and it is this Being who leads men to Christ. John is the sheath in which the Angel is revealed. The reborn Elijah was able and ready to receive into himself the Angel who entered into and spoke out of him, using him—John—simply as an instrument. The story given in the Bible is accurate in every detail.
It can therefore be said that it was only because the Beings who had reached the human stage on the Old Moon embodiment of the Earth became the leaders of man in the pre-Christian era that he could be prepared to receive the Ego. In point of fact, all the leaders of humanity in the pre-Christian era could be leaders because Angels were working through them. What would happen in the case of a man of the modern age? In pre-Christian times the Angel could work in a man because he had no Ego of his own. Since the Christ has come, man can turn to Him and a power enters into him instead of the Angel, as formerly. Man today must take the Christ into himself through devotion and reverence. John could still say: Not I but the Angel in me has been sent and uses me as the instrument for preparing the way. Man must say as did St. Paul: ‘Not I, but Christ in me.’ Man must learn to understand Christ in the light of the teaching of Spiritual Science.
What has been said today about the first three years of childhood can, for example, usefully be emphasised. Man is ‘christianised’ when the truth is brought home to him that the forces at work during the age of earliest childhood shed their sunlike radiance over the whole of life. Modern science, on the other hand, is ultimately responsible for the onset of senility, for resistance to the sunlike forces in early childhood, for ossification of parts of the brain, and a great deal else besides.
From such truths we realise that it is possible to understand the living truth of Christianity even when original records are left out of account and we simply study the nature and being of man. If our understanding of Spiritual Science is such that we do not simply say, ‘now I know that man consists of four members—physical, etheric, astral bodies and Ego’ but realise that what matters is to know how these single members are interconnected in his constitution—then we can become aware that the Ego working in early childhood is related to another entity, that the first Ego is like a sheath and that after about three years its connection with all the members of the rest of man’s nature changes entirely.
This knowledge acquires genuine value when it becomes a power within us and when we say to ourselves that because in the future many incarnations lie ahead of us we can develop what is in us to further and further stages of consciousness, that we can enable the forces of the higher man, The Son of God within us, to be victorious over the Son of Man, thereby rising higher in each succeeding incarnation until the Earth reaches its goal. The Earth then becomes a corpse just as the individual human being becomes a physical corpse; the corpse sinks into the Earth and the soul rises into the spiritual world. This is what will also happen to the Earth as a whole.
If we think of the Earth as the body of all humanity, we can say: the Earth dies as a corpse, dissolves into the substance of the Universe, is pulverised in order to be used in a new material form. But man rises into spiritual worlds in order to pass over into the next planetary existence. It behoves us to remember that these are no abstract words.
Strange to say, there are people who believe that our Earth, together with the Sun and the other planets, was once a great nebula and nothing else, that then Sun, Earth and man himself, through the consolidation of matter, came into existence, that he will evolve to further and further stages and will eventually be entombed in the Earth the whole process being an aimless episode!
In future histories of civilization great efforts will have to be made to understand this patho-logical fantasy, to grasp how it could have been possible for man’s imagination to become sickly enough to accept this as a serious conception. To uphold the Kant-Laplace theory is exactly the same as to think that man can be explained by studying the dust produced by his cremation. Such science is pernicious, incapable of engendering living power in the soul.
The aim of Spiritual Science is to kindle the power to develop our stature as human beings to higher and higher stages, no longer connecting ourselves with the dust of the Earth but evolving towards a new planetary existence.
Die Arbeit Des Ich Am Kinde Ein Beitrag Zum Verstandnis Der Christus-Wesenheit
Wenn man einen öffentlichen Vortrag hält wie den gestrigen über «Geisteswissenschaft und Menschenzukunft» oder einen ähnlichen, so ist man genötigt, sehr deutlich mit der Empfänglichkeit unserer gegenwärtigen Welt zu rechnen, sehr damit zu rechnen, daß diese Empfänglichkeit eine eingeschränkte ist. Man muß sich klar sein darüber, daß in unserer Zeit aus den geistigen Welten herunter allerdings schon Erkenntnisse fließen, welche der Menschheit als solcher notwendig sind, daß sie aber heute von den wenigsten unbefangen aufgenommen werden können. Die meisten Menschen, die nicht entsprechend sich für eine solche Aufnahme vorbereitet haben, würden das Tieferliegende unserer Geisteswissenschaft doch noch wie einen Schock empfinden, wie etwas, was sich phantastisch oder wie ein Traum ausnimmt.
Um so mehr müssen wir uns in bezug auf die wichtigsten Fragen weiter in das vertiefen, was wir unserem Gefühl und unserer Empfindung im Verlauf eines längeren Zweiglebens einverleiben konnten. Und da möchte ich darauf hinweisen, daß es notwendig ist, die große Wahrheit von der Einpflanzung des Ich in die menschliche Natur näher zu betrachten und diese große Wahrheit doch etwas komplizierter anzusehen, als man dies gewöhnlich tut.
Wir wissen, daß der Mensch zuerst während der alten Saturnzeit die Anlage zum physischen Leib erhalten hat, während der Sonnenzeit die Anlage zum Atherleib, während der alten Mondenzeit die Anlage zum Astralleib, und daß eigentlich unsere Erdenentwickelung die Aufgabe hat, den übrigen Wesensgliedern das Ich einzuverleiben. Wenn wir am Ende der Erdenentwickelung angelangt sein werden, werden wir erst vollständig durchdrungen sein, so wie es geschehen kann, von der IchNatur. Betrachten wir den Erdenmenschen als solchen, können wir sagen, der eigentliche Mittelpunkt seines Wesens, das Zentrale in ihm ist die Ich-Natur. Aber da muß es uns auffallen, daß dieses Ich in den verschiedenen Perioden unseres gegenwärtigen Lebens doch in verschiedener Art mit uns verbunden ist, nicht immer in der gleichen Weise. Wir müssen uns überhaupt vorhalten, daß die verschiedenen Wesensglieder noch nicht gekannt werden, wenn wir nur wissen, daß der Mensch aus physischem, ätherischem, Astralleib und Ich besteht. Sehen wir nun, in welcher verschiedenen Weise diese Glieder miteinander verbunden sein können, sowohl in den verschiedenen Epochen der Menschheitsentwickelung wie auch im einzelnen Leben des Menschen.
Betrachten wir zunächst das Kind. Wir wissen, daß es verhältnismäßig spät lernt, zu sich «Ich» zu sagen. Das ist sehr bezeichnend. Wenn auch eine heutige Psychologie, die Wissenschaft sein will, das nicht begreift, ist es doch tief bezeichnend, weil das Kind zu der Vorstellung, zu dem inneren Erlebnis des Ich verhältnismäßig spät kommt. In den ersten Lebensjahren, ja bis zu drei oder dreieinhalb Jahren, hat das Kind, auch wenn es uns hie und da das Wort Ich nachplappert, noch kein richtiges Ich-Erlebnis. Da können Sie ein Buch finden, «Die Seele deines Kindes», von Heinrich Lhotzky, in dem der kuriose Satz steht, daß das Kind früher denken lernt als reden. Das ist Unsinn, weil das Kind am Reden das Denken lernt. Der geisteswissenschaftlich Strebende muß vorsichtig werden gegenüber dem, was heute als Wissenschaft auftritt. Das Kind lernt erst so recht im Ich leben, vom Ich zu wissen, etwa nach dem dritten Jahr.
Es hängt damit noch etwas anderes zusammen, nämlich daß wir uns im normalen Bewußtsein — also nicht im höheren, hellseherischen Bewußtsein — gar nicht hinter einen bestimmten Zeitpunkt unseres Lebens zurückerinnern. Denken Sie nach: Wenn Sie zurückforschen, werden Sie erkennen, daß die Erinnerung einmal abreißt. Sie reicht nicht bis zur Geburt. Man kann manchmal das, was einem erzählt wird, verwechseln mit dem, was man selber erlebt hat, aber der Faden reißt ungefähr an derselben Stelle ab, wo das Ich-Erlebnis auftritt. Als kleines Kind hat man es nicht, man bekommt es erst, und dann fängt die dunkelste Erinnerung an.
Nun fragen wir uns: Wenn das Ich-Erlebnis in den ersten drei Jahren nicht da war, war da auch das Ich nicht da im Kinde? - Man muß unterscheiden, ob wir von dem, was in uns ist, etwas wissen, oder ob es ohne unser Wissen in uns ist. Das Ich ist im Kinde, nur weiß es nichts davon, so wie der Mensch im Schlaf mit dem Ich verbunden ist, aber nichts davon weiß. Es ist, daß wir von etwas wissen, nicht maßgebend dafür, daß etwas da ist. Wir müssen sagen: Das Ich ist da, aber es ist nicht bewußt beim Kinde.
Wie ist es denn mit dem Ich? - Ja, das hat seine eigene Bewandtnis. Wenn Sie das menschliche Gehirn rein physisch untersuchen würden, so würden Sie sehen, daß das Gehirn nach der Geburt im Verhältnis zur späteren Gestalt ziemlich unvollkommen aussieht. Manche von den feinen Windungen müssen erst später ausgestaltet, müssen erst in den nächsten Jahren plastisch ausziseliert werden. Das macht das Ich beim Menschen, und weil es das zu tun hat, deshalb kann es nicht zum Bewußtsein kommen. Es hat das Gehirn auszubilden als etwas anderes, in feinerer Gestalt so, daß es später denken kann. Das Ich ist sehr arbeitsam in den ersten Jahren.
Wenn nun dieses Ich bewußt wird, dann könnten wir vergeblich an dieses Ich die Frage stellen: Wie hast du es gemacht, daß du dieses Gehirn so kunstvoll ausgebaut hast? — Sie werden gestehen, daß das Ich im ganzen Leben zwischen Geburt und Tod nicht zu einem solchen Bewußtsein kommt, wie es das Gehirn herausgestaltet. Dennoch können wir uns diese Frage stellen. Und da erhalten wir die Antwort, daß das Ich bei seiner Tätigkeit unter der Anleitung der Wesenheiten der höheren Hierarchien steht. Wenn wir einen kindlichen Menschen vor uns haben und ihn hellseherisch betrachten, so ist sein Ich als Ich-Aura wohl da, aber von dieser Ich-Aura gehen die Strömungen zu den höheren Hierarchien, zu den Engeln, Erzengeln und so weiter, und herein strömen die Kräfte der Hierarchien. Wenn daher im naiven Bewußtsein gesagt wird, das Kind ist von einem Engel beschützt, so ist dies eine sehr reale Wahrheit. Später hört dieser engere Zusammenschluß auf: das Ich erlebt sich mehr in den Nerven und kann seiner selbst bewußt werden. Es ist das eine Art Abschnürung. So haben wir im kindlichen Menschen eine Art «Telephonverbindung», indem das Ich sich fortsetzt in die göttlich-geistigen Hierarchien. Wir müssen geisteswissenschaftliche Aussprüche ernst nehmen. Ich habe einmal gesagt: Der Weiseste kann von einem Kinde viel lernen. -— Er kann auch aus dem Grunde viel vom Kinde lernen, weil er nicht bloß das Kind selber zu sehen braucht, er sieht auch durch dieses in die geistige Welt hinein, denn das Kind hat den «Telephonanschluß» zur geistigen Welt, der später durchschnitten wird. So daß wir in den ersten drei Jahren ein ganz anderes Wesen vor uns haben im Menschen als später. Wir haben ein kindliches Ich, das plastisch arbeitet unter der Anleitung der Wesen der höheren Hierarchien an der Ausgestaltung der menschlichen Denkwerkzeuge. Dann geht es da hinein, kann aber nicht mehr daran arbeiten. Es müssen dann die menschlichen Denkwerkzeuge schon ausgestaltet sein. Sie können sich wohl weiter entwickeln, aber das Ich kann nicht mehr daran arbeiten.
Wir können also schlechtweg den Menschen trennen in den Menschen, der in den ersten dreieinhalb Jahren vor uns steht, und in den übrigen Menschen. Im Esoterischen nennt man den ersten Menschen den göttlichen Menschen, weil er in Beziehung steht zu den höheren Hierarchien, oder den Gottessohn; den anderen nennt man den Menschensohn. In diesem ist das Ich darin und bewegt die Glieder und arbeitet, soweit noch gearbeitet werden kann, von innen heraus. So daß wir unterscheiden müssen zwischen Gottessohn und Menschensohn.
Wir haben uns also eine Kluft zu denken zwischen dem Gottessohn und dem Menschensohn. Der Gottessohn, der vorzugsweise tätig ist bis zu dreieinhalb Jahren, enthält alle belebenden Kräfte, das was dem Menschen den Ansporn gibt, immer mehr und mehr Lebenskräfte in seinen Organismus hineinzugießen. Diese Kräfte enthalten auch etwas Aufbauendes, Gesundendes, Belebendes im Verhältnis zum späteren Menschen. Wenn wir im späteren Lebensalter nicht bloß den Menschen haben wollen, der auf seine Sinne angewiesen ist und auf die Werkzeuge seines physischen Leibes, und sich dadurch mit seiner Umwelt in Verbindung setzt, sondern wenn wir auch im späteren Leben in die geistige Welt hinaufragen wollen, dann müssen wir versuchen, auf eine künstliche Weise etwas von diesen Kräften in uns wachzurufen; wir müssen appellieren an die Kräfte, die in uns sind im ersten Kindesalter, nur mit dem Unterschied, daß wir sie jetzt bewußt wachrufen, während das Kind sie unbewußt wachruft. So sehen wir denn, daß der Mensch in dieser Beziehung eine Zweiheit ist. Was kommt in dieser Kraft der ersten dreieinhalb Jahre eigentlich zutage? In diesen Kräften, die da unter der Leitung der höheren Hierarchien arbeiten, kommt das zur Geltung, was aus früheren Inkarnationen herüber wirkt. Sie können sich leicht davon überzeugen, wenn Sie den menschlichen Schädel abgreifen. Da finden Sie individuelle Erhöhungen und Vertiefungen. Kein Schädel ist dem anderen gleich, daher gibt es auch keine allgemein gültige Phrenologie. Sie muß individuell zu Werke gehen. Die Kräfte, die im menschlichen Schädel arbeiten, kommen aus früheren Inkarnationen herüber, und sie hören auf, ihre Stoßkraft zu haben, wenn diese dreieinhalb Jahre vorüber sind. In diesen dreieinhalb Jahren ist alles noch biegsam, da kann der Geist noch hineinarbeiten. Später ist alles fest geworden, dann kann er nicht mehr hineinarbeiten.
Was macht es denn nun, daß wir später nicht mehr arbeiten können mit diesen Kräften? Woher kommt es? Es kommt von unserer speziellen Erdenentwickelung. Nachdem das Ich im Leibe seiner selbst bewußt geworden ist, setzt das voraus, daß der Leib festgefügt ist und nicht mehr von den eben charakterisierten Kräften bearbeitet werden kann. Wir haben es mit solchen Kräften zu tun, die dem Menschen als Artwesen, als Gattungswesen eigen sind, die ihn aufbauen in Menschenarchitektur. Wenn wir länger als die dreieinhalb Jahre, welche die angemessene Zeit sind, mit den Kindheitskräften im physischen Leibe arbeiten würden, würde dieser physische Leib dies nicht aushalten. Er würde zerreißen, würde zerbrechen, denn es werden nun die Kräfte wirksam, die ihn von der physischen Vererbungslinie her festmachen. Würde die andere Kraft nicht aufhören, so würde er zerbrechen, auseinandergehen, er würde es nicht aushalten. Wir sinken unter in unseren Menschensohn; der Gottessohn kann nicht mehr aufkommen gegen unseren Menschensohn nach drei Jahren. Aber wir tragen dennoch diesen Gottessohn in uns; es wirken diese Kräfte innerhalb des physischen Leibes das ganze Leben hindurch, nur können sie sich nicht mehr direkt am Aufbau beteiligen. Wenn wir in uns hineinschauen, so finden wir doch die Fortsetzung des Ich, das den «telephonischen Anschluß» hatte. Nur ist der physische Leib zu derb, zu grob, zu verholzt, als daß der Gottessohn weiter plastisch daran gestalten könnte. Die besten Kräfte sind in diesen ersten drei bis dreieinhalb Jahren enthalten; wir zehren das ganze Leben davon. Sie werden verdunkelt, aber sie sind in den späteren Jahren doch in der verschiedensten Art vorhanden. Es ist so, wie wenn wir von diesen Kräften durchsetzt würden und sie nur nicht unmittelbar ausleben lassen könnten. Wenn wir durch die Geisteswissenschaft Begriffe von den höheren Welten aufnehmen wollen, so können wir dies um so besser, je mehr wir von dem in uns haben, was in den ersten drei Jahren in uns war, wo das Ich selbstlos in uns war. Je frischer, je biegsamer diese Kräfte sind, je weniger greisenhaft sie bis ins hohe Alter geworden sind, desto mehr eignen wir uns dazu, uns durch diese Kräfte des Geistes umzugestalten. Es ist der Menschheit bestes Teil, was wir in diesen drei Jahren um uns haben. Nur der dichte physische Leib hindert uns leider, diese Kräfte voll zu gebrauchen. Wenn sie jemand in späteren Jahren besonders entwickeln kann, so kann er dadurch nicht mehr seinen physischen Körper umändern, er ist nicht mehr so weich wie Wachs. Aber wenn er sie voll gebrauchen kann durch esoterische Weisheit, dann fließt diese Kraft aus durch die Fingerspitzen, und er bekommt die besondere Gabe der Heilung, der Gesundung durch Handauflegen - wenn sie noch wirksam sind, jene geistigen Kräfte, die nicht mehr den eigenen Körper umgestalten, die aber, wenn sie ausfließen, segensreich wirken.
Das Ziel der Erdenentwickelung ist, diese besten Kräfte in uns nach und nach zur Geltung zu bringen. Wenn die Erdenentwickelung zu Ende sein wird und wir durch die vielen Inkarnationen durchgegangen sein werden, werden wir uns ganz durchdrungen haben müssen bewußt mit dem, was wir unbewußt haben in den ersten Kindheitsjahren. Es ist ein Unterschied, ob wir diese Kräfte unbewußt haben oder bewußt. Die Menschen werden dann ganz durchdrungen sein müssen von einem solchen kindhaften Bewußtsein. Und es wird dann, weil es nur langsam ausdehnen wird seinen Körper, ihn auch nicht zersprengen.
In der Weltentwickelung mußte ein Vorbild gegeben werden für dieses Hereintreten der Kindheitskraft in die Menschheit. Daß dieses Vorbild nicht im Kinde gegeben werden konnte, ist selbstverständlich. Es mußte ein Mensch, der schon ein gewisses Alter erreicht hat, durchdrungen werden in bewußter Weise mit denselben Kräften, die in der ersten Kindheit unbewußt den Menschen durchdringen. Würden wir einen Menschen vor uns haben, dem wir sein Ich herausnehmen, entfernen, den wir leer machen von diesem Ich, und würden wir dasjenige, was das Kind in den ersten Lebensjahren hat, hineingießen, so würde er das mit dem entwickelten Gehirn zum Bewußtsein bringen. Es wäre das in ihm bewußt, was in den ersten Kindheitsjahren in ihm war. Wie lange erträgt ein Menschenleben auf Erden diese Elemente? Drei Jahre, länger nicht, dann muß er darunter zerbrechen. Wenn es sich nicht umwandeln kann — beim Menschen wandelt es sich um in der gewöhnlichen Entwickelung -, dann erträgt es der Menschenleib nicht länger als drei Jahre. Sollte es überhaupt einem Wesen möglich sein, die Kindheitskräfte bewußt in sich zu tragen, dann muß das Karma dieses Menschen so eingerichtet sein, daß nach drei Jahren der physische Leib, in den dieses Wesen versenkt ist, zerbricht.
Es ist also denkbar, daß das, was der Mensch durch alle Inkarnationen bis ans Ziel der Erdenentwickelung erlangt, durch ein Vorbild in die Welt gebracht wird, indem ein Mensch in die Welt gestellt würde, der durch seine Leiblichkeit es möglich macht, daß sein Ich entfernt und ein anderes Wesen ihm eingepflanzt wird, welches seinen Inkarnationen nach den Weg hierzu offen hat. Dann würde der menschliche Leib nicht länger dieses Wesen in sich dulden als drei Jahre. Es würde dann der menschliche Leib zerbrechen seinem Karma nach. Das ist geschehen. Wir sehen bei der Johannestaufe im Jordan diesen Menschenleib, der geeignet war, daß sein Ich, das Zarathustra-Ich, heraustrat. Dann senkte sich ein Wesen in diesen Leib. Die Christus-Wesenheit füllte ihn aus, konnte aber nur drei Jahre darin bleiben. Nach drei Jahren zerbrach es diesen Leib im Mysterium von Golgatha.
Was damals drei Jahre im menschlichen Leib leben konnte, das muß der Mensch hegen und pflegen und nach und nach durch Inkarnationen wesenhaft in seiner Seele lebendig machen, damit es am Ende der Inkarnationen voll und ganz in der menschlichen Wesenheit gegenwärtig sein kann. Wir sehen da einen merkwürdigen Zusammenhang zwischen dem Gottessohn im Menschen und dem Christus-Ereignis. Denn alle die Dinge, die wir auf okkultem Felde finden, können von verschiedenen Seiten beleuchtet werden. Solche Beweise, wie sie die gewöhnliche Wissenschaft verlangt, können dem Okkultismus nicht genügen. Sie müssen dadurch überzeugend werden, daß Wahrheiten von allen Seiten zusammengetragen werden, die sich gegenseitig halten und tragen. Wir können das Christus-Ereignis wieder von einer neuen Seite kennenlernen, indem wir es heute aus der menschlichen Natur selber abgeleitet haben. Wir haben uns klargemacht, wie wir am besten den Christus begreifen, indem wir die Gesinnung entwickeln, die sich durch solche Wahrheit ergibt. Wir müssen uns klarmachen, daß bei voll entwickeltem Menschenleib durch die Jordantaufe ein Wesen im Leibe des Jesus von Nazareth war, welches in jedem Menschenleib weset, aber nur unbewußt, in den drei ersten Jahren des Lebens. Und schauen müssen wir da auf die drei Jahre, wo dieses Kind ins Bewußte umgesetzt ist. Dann lernen wir das Christus-Wesen am besten kennen.
Alte Aussprüche haben einen verschiedenen Sinn. Ein solcher Sinn ergibt sich uns auch aus dem Ausspruch: Wenn ihr nicht werdet wie die Kindlein, so könnt ihr nicht eindringen in die Reiche der Himmel. —Da sehen wir tief hinein in den tieferen Sinn, der manchmal in einzelnen Sätzen der religiösen Urkunden liegt.
Betrachten wir dieses kindhafte Leben besonders in dieser Zeit, in der es sich nun recht herausentwickelt. Die Wissenschaft weiß heute noch nicht viel von dem, was beitragen kann, den Menschen in seiner wahren Wesenheit zu studieren. Da muß es uns erst einmal klar sein, daß der Mensch sich von Anfang an ganz radikal unterscheidet von allen übrigen Wesen. Wenn Sie etwas Nahestehendes, etwa ein Affenwesen, betrachten: Es ist diesem von allem Anfang an durch eine eigentümliche Gleichgewichtslage eingepflanzt sein Gang; durch die eigentümliche Gleichgewichtslage, wie seine Glieder angebracht sind. Der Mensch kann zunächst überhaupt nicht gehen, er muß erst die Gleichgewichtslage im Leibe erringen. Er muß seine Glieder durch die Arbeit seines Ich in jene Lage bringen, in der er sich aufrechterhalten und gehen kann. So muß dieses Ich in den ersten Kindheitsjahren nicht nur daran arbeiten, das Gehirn plastisch auszugestalten, es muß auch die Gleichgewichtslage erringen, die dem Menschen nicht so von vorneherein gegeben ist wie den Tieren. Der Mensch muß seine Knochen erst in die Winkelrichtung bringen, die er gemäß seinem Schwerpunkte haben muß, um gehen zu können, um seinen Weg zu finden. Dem Tier ist dieses von vorneherein eingepflanzt, bis herauf zum höchsten Tier. Beim Menschen muß dies erst durch die Arbeit des Ich nach und nach errungen werden. Vorher kriecht er oder fällt um. So würde der Mensch an den Boden gefesselt sein, an denselben Ort, wenn sein Ich nicht arbeiten würde in den ersten Jahren seines Lebens.
Wir haben schon gesehen: das Ich arbeitet an seinem Gehirn, ziseliert es so aus, daß wir später erkennende Wesen werden. So daß wir sagen können: Wir eignen uns Erkennung der Wahrheit im Leben dadurch an, daß das Ich sein Werkzeug formt. — Es muß uns klar sein, daß es ein Weiterleben gar nicht geben kann, ohne daß wir es erarbeiten.
Was ferner den Menschen so radikal unterscheidet von allen anderen Wesen, ist seine Sprache. Die Sprache muß auch erst errungen werden durch das Ich. Der Mensch ist nicht veranlagt zu sprechen. Zu dem, wozu der Mensch von vorneherein veranlagt ist, gehört die Sprache nicht. Gewiß, die Kuh sagt Muh; aber das ist noch keine Sprache. Die Erwerbung der Sprache hängt davon ab, daß das Ich unter anderen Menschen-Ichen weilt. Wenn der Mensch auf eine ferne Insel verpflanzt wird, lernt er nicht sprechen. Daß wir die zweiten Zähne bekommen, ist uns angeerbt; daß wir wachsen, ist uns angeerbt. Wir würden auch Zähne bekommen, wenn wir auf einer einsamen Insel wären. Die Sprache aber erwerben wir uns durch das Ich im Kreise des menschlichen Lebens. Diese Unterschiede sind wichtig. So daß in dem, was wir menschliches Leben nennen, die Sprache das Dritte ist, was unser Ich sich aneignet.
Durch die Betätigung dieser Kräfte findet der werdende Mensch den Weg auf Erden, er erkennt die Wahrheit, und er lebt mit der Umwelt das menschliche Leben mit. Wenn das Kind aussprechen könnte, was es so erwirbt, könnte es sagen: Das Ich in mir verwandelt mich so, daß ich bin der Weg, die Wahrheit und das Leben. — Denken Sie sich das umgesetzt ins höhere Geistige, Spirituelle: wie muß zu den Menschen ein Wesen sprechen, das mit voll bewußten Kindheitskräften drei Jahre im menschlichen Leibe lebt? Es muß sagen: Ich bin der Weg, die Wahrheit und das Leben. - In der Tat, indem die Kindheitskräfte auf eine höhere, voll bewußte Stufe heraufkommen, haben wir darin wiederum das große Vorbild dessen, was sich im Kinde auf niederer Stufe zeigt. Wie eine Grundwahrheit geht es durch den Christus Jesus. Nicht nur der Ausspruch: Wenn ihr nicht werdet wie die Kindlein, könnt ihr nicht eingehen in die Reiche der Himmel -, kann nicht erfaßt werden, wenn man nicht weiß, was Geisteswissenschaft von dem eigentlichen Zusammenhang mit den belebenden Kindheitskräften zu sagen hat, sondern auch das, was wie ein radikaler Ausspruch klingt: «Ich bin der Weg, die Wahrheit und das Leben», begreifen wir am besten, wenn wir das Vorbild sehen in dem, was das Ich erarbeitet im kindlichen Leibe.
Aus solchen Dingen eignen wir uns an, was uns die Möglichkeit gibt, doch wenigstens für die Seele, wenn auch nicht für den Leib, etwas von den belebenden Kräften durchzubringen, die wir wieder brauchen auf der Erde. Der heutige Mensch, sofern er nicht die geistige Welt anerkennt, hat gar kein richtiges Gefühl für solche Tatsachen. Gehen Sie zu zahlreichen Menschen, die draußen im äußeren Leben stehen, und sagen Sie zu ihnen etwas, wie das, was heute hier gesagt worden ist: Wenn ihr nicht werdet wie die Kindlein, so könnt ihr nicht eingehen in die Reiche der Himmel -, so werden Sie sehen, daß die Leute draußen sagen: Nun ja, das sind ganz geistreiche Vergleiche, aber was soll man damit anfangen? — Die Leute werden es nützlicher finden, irgendein Sensationsdrama, wenn nicht Schlimmeres anzusehen. Wer nicht so recht ein Gefühl dafür hat, daß diese Wahrheiten eine Bedeutung haben, wird sie wenig berechtigt finden, weil in dem Gefühl für solche Dinge gerade die Kraft liegt, die kindliche Auffassungsgabe hereinzutragen in unser Leben. Wenn wir nicht dazu kommen, Sympathie und Enthusiasmus für so etwas zu haben wie den Vergleich des Christus mit der Tätigkeit des menschlichen Ich in den ersten Lebensjahren, wenn wir fähig sind, so etwas für kindisch zu halten, dann haben wir keine Begabung dafür, die ersten Kindheitskräfte wachzurufen. All die vertrockneten Gelehrten haben so wenig Kraft, die ersten Kindheitskräfte wachzurufen und dadurch zur spirituellen Welt zu kommen! Wenn wir dafür Enthusiasmus haben, uns mit so etwas zu beschäftigen, dann wirkt das in unserer Seele so, daß wir uns durchdringen mit diesen Kräften der ersten Kindheit. Damit ist aber etwas von dem gegeben, was dem Menschen möglich macht, sein Christentum weitherzig zu erhalten. Habe ich nicht oft gesagt, wir stehen erst im Anfange einer Auffassung des Christus? Da gab es Jahrhunderte hindurch bis ins 12., 13. Jahrhundert ein Christentum, das hatte nicht die Möglichkeit, die Bibel zu lesen, es mußte sich halten an die Predigten und an das, was die Geistbeseelten sagten. Dann kam das Christentum, das sich an die Bibel hielt, das sein Wissen von dem bekam, was in der Bibel steht. Und wir sind nicht eingedenk der Christus-Kraft, wenn wir nicht daran festhalten, daß Er wirklich seinen Ausspruch wahrgemacht hat: «Ich bin bei euch bis an das Ende der Zeiten.» Christen sind wir, wenn wir darüber klar sind, daß in jedem Zeitalter der Christus, nachdem er sich einmal manifestiert hat, sich wieder manifestieren wird für jeden, der ihn sehen will. Der Christus ist nicht so arm, daß er nur das zu sagen hat, was in den Evangelien niedergelegt ist. Wir dürfen uns nur nicht immer berufen auf die Worte: «Ihr könntet es jetzt noch nicht ertragen», sondern es mache sich die Menschheit reif, den Christus zu erkennen.
Zu solchen Dingen gehört es, daß wir uns in der richtigen Weise zu stellen vermögen zu dem, was durch die Johannestaufe sich ergießt, zu den gesunden, befruchtenden Kräften des Kindheitsalters. Das wäre eine tief befruchtende Idee. Auch wenn kein Mensch etwas wüßte von dem Namen des Christus und von den Evangelien - wir sind durchaus nicht darauf aus, uns am Namen zu halten -, es kommt auf das Wesen an. Anderen überlassen wir es zu sagen: Wer nicht auf Buddha schwört, ist kein richtiger Bekenner. — Nicht am Namen, sondern an die Sache halten wir uns. Das tun wir zum Beispiel, indem wir erkennen, wie in den ersten Lebensjahren Kräfte im Menschen sind, die einmal sich niederließen auf den Leib des Jesus von Nazareth.
Denken Sie, Sie wären auf einer einsamen Insel, wo gar keine Urkunde über das Mysterium von Golgatha je hingekommen ist: wenn Menschen da so arbeiten, daß sie durch ihr spirituelles Leben vollbewußt die Kraft des ersten Kindheitsalters aufnehmen bis ins höchste Alter hinauf, wären sie Christen im wahren Sinne des Wortes. Dann brauchen sie nicht in den Evangelien zu suchen, denn das Christentum ist etwas Lebendiges, und es wird sich weiter und weiter fortentwickeln. Das ist etwas, was wir im Unterschied streng festhalten müssen. Dann werden wir immer klarer werden können darüber, wie innig eigentlich zusammenhängt die Christus-Mission mit dem ganzen Erdenwesen. Wir werden uns dann sagen können, diese Christus-Mission ist etwas, was wir am heutigen Menschen selber erkennen können. Die Notwendigkeit der Durchchristung, des Auslebens des Paulinischen Spruches «Christus in mir» ergibt sich dadurch, daß wir sagen: Wir müssen uns mit der Umwandlung dessen, was in der ersten Kindheit in uns lebt, das ganze Leben durchdringen, dann ist der Christus in uns.
Dies gibt durchaus die Möglichkeit, das Christentum im weitherzigsten Sinne zu erfassen, und die Perspektive, daß das Christentum ganz andere Formen annimmt. Es werden Zeiten kommen, wo man den Christus ganz anders nennen wird, wo ganz andere Urkunden da sein werden, wo man gar nicht auf die äußere Geschichte hinweisen wird, daß einmal ein solches Wesen da war, sondern wo man aus dem Menschheitsbewußtsein heraus diese Tatsache erkennen wird.
Alles dies bringen wir vor, weil wir gerade mit solchen Dingen immer wiederum zeigen können, wie Geisteswissenschaft in die ganze Gestaltung des Menschheitsfühlens denkbar tief eingreifen kann und zur Lebenspraxis werden muß. Dann wird uns von da aus erst richtig verständlich, was wir in Urkunden finden. Die Urkunden sind für viele Menschen denn doch ein Buch mit sieben Siegeln. Ein heutiger Mensch steht vor uns: am Ende der Erdenzeit ist er so weit, daß er innerlich seine Seele durchchristet hat, heute ist er erst am Anfang seiner Arbeit. Aber es lebt der Christus in ihm, und durch alle folgenden Inkarnationen wird er immer mehr und in immer weiterem Sinne in ihm leben.
Wie war es nun, bevor der Christus sich geoffenbart hat auf der Erde? Da war das Ich erst in Vorbereitung. Der Christus ist das, was dem Ich seinen Sinn gibt, so daß früher das Ich nur in Vorbereitung war. Jedesmal, wenn ein Wesen noch in Vorbereitung ist, müssen die Wesenheiten, die ihm vorangegangen sind, ihm helfen. Der Mensch war in Vorbereitung, seinem Ich einen Sinn zu geben, bis zu dem Ereignis von Golgatha. Bis dahin mußten ihm andere Wesen helfen, die früher die Menschheitsstufe erreicht haben, nämlich auf dem alten Monde. Wir wissen, daß das die Wesen der höheren Hierarchie der nächsten Stufe sind, die Engel. Sie stehen eine Stufe höher als der Mensch. Diese Wesenheiten haben vorzugsweise die Leitung der Menschheit zu übernehmen gehabt, so lange der Mensch noch nicht imstande war, zu Christus hinzublicken und zu sagen: Christus gibt meinem Ich den Sinn. — Daher konnte nicht der Mensch selber sich zu Christus hinführen, sondern er mußte von den Wesenheiten, die seine älteren Brüder sind, dahin geführt werden.
Das gibt die biblische Urkunde mit wunderbarer Genauigkeit wieder. Nehmen wir den Vorläufer des Christus Jesus, Johannes. Wenn er wirklich der Vorläufer sein soll, kann er nicht das Wesen sein, das in der äußeren Geschichte dargestellt ist, denn er hat noch nicht das Ich in dem Sinne, wie das jetzt dargestellt worden ist. Daher kann man nicht sagen, sein Vorläufer, der Täufer Johannes, ging voran. Merkwürdigerweise beginnt das Markus-Evangelium sogleich mit den Worten des Propheten: «Ich sende meinen Engel vor dir her, der soll dir den Weg bereiten.» Das heißt, es muß etwas beachtet werden, was man so abstrakt in Theologenkreisen wohl sieht, wenn man aber ins Konkrete geht, sehen die Menschen darüber hinweg. Die äußere Welt ist zunächst eine Maja. Wir müssen erst lernen, sie in richtiger Weise anzuschauen, dann ist sie nicht mehr Maja. Wenn die äußeren Ereignisse auf dem physischen Plane von Johannes erzählt werden, so ist das Maja. Wir verstehen sie nicht. Die Bibel sieht die Person des Johannes als Maja an. In Johannes lebt, von seiner Seele Besitz nehmend, ein Engelwesen, das die Menschen zu Christus führt. Er ist eine Hülle für die Offenbarung der Engelwesenheit. Der Engel konnte in ihn hineingehen, weil der wiedergeborene Elias bereit war, den Engel aufzunehmen. Da sprach der Engel aus ihm, der wurde hingeschickt, der bedient sich nur des Johannes als Werkzeug. So genau spricht die Bibel.
So daß wir sagen können: Der Mensch konnte nur dadurch zu dem Ich hingeführt werden, daß diejenigen, welche die Menschheitsstufe auf dem alten Monde vollendet hatten, in der vorchristlichen Zeit die Lenker der Erdenmenschen wurden. Alle alten Menschheitsführer sind dadurch die Lenker geworden, daß Engel durch sie wirkten. Was würde mit dem modernen Menschen geschehen? In vorchristlichen Zeiten wirkten die Engelwesen in sein Wesen, weil der Mensch noch nicht das Ich als Eigenvorbild in sich hatte. Seit er das Christus-Sonnenlicht hat, kann der Mensch sein Antlitz hinwenden zu Christus, und dadurch zieht wieder eine solche Kraft in ihn ein wie vorher die Engel. So wie er vorher die Engel aufnahm, muß der Mensch heute durch Hingabe an die Christus-Wesenheit den Christus aufnehmen. Hat noch Johannes sagen können: Nicht ich, sondern der Engel in mir ist hergesandt und benützt mich als Werkzeug, um vorzubereiten -, so muß heute der Mensch sagen wie Paulus: Nicht ich, sondern Christus in mir. - Er soll den Christus so verstehen lernen, wie Geisteswissenschaft ihn lehrt.
Man kann das aussprechen, was zum Beispiel heute über die drei ersten Lebensjahre gesagt worden ist. Die Notwendigkeit zu betonen, daß das kindliche Zeitalter seinen sonnigen Glanz über das ganze Leben ausbreitet, das ist Verchristen eines Menschen. Während die moderne Wissenschaft das Greisenhaftwerden, das Nicht-sich-Durchdringen mit den Sonnenkräften des Kindesalters, das Vertrocknenlassen der Gehirnpartien und manches andere bewirkt.
Also nehmen wir von solchen Wahrheiten die Idee mit auf, daß es möglich ist, das Christentum wesenhaft zu erkennen, wenn man absieht von allen Urkunden und nur auf die Betrachtung des Menschen hinsieht. Wenn man Geisteswissenschaft nicht so anschaut, daß man sagt: Nun weiß ich, daß der Mensch aus vier Gliedern besteht, aus physischem, Ather-, Astralleib und Ich, sondern so, daß es darauf ankommt zu wissen, wie diese einzelnen Glieder in der Menschennatur verbunden sind, dann kann man einsehen, daß das erste Kindheits-Ich verwandt ist einer anderen Wesenheit, daß dieses Ich gleichsam wie eine Hülle ist, und wie es dann nach drei Jahren ganz und gar seine Lage zu den anderen Gliedern, zu der übrigen Menschennatur ändert.
Diese Erkenntnis bekommt einen rechten Wert, wenn sie in uns zur Kraft wird, und wenn wir uns sagen: Wir haben viele Inkarnationen auf Erden in Zukunft durchzumachen; wir wissen, daß wir sozusagen dasjenige, was in uns ist, immer weiter und weiter ausbilden können, zu immer größerem und größerem Bewußtsein bringen können; wissen, daß wir den höheren Menschen, den Gottessohn in uns ganz ausgießen können über den Menschensohn, und dadurch von Inkarnation zu Inkarnation immer weiter hinaufsteigen können, bis die Erde an ihrem Ziel angekommen sein wird. - Da wird die Erde ein Leichnam werden, wie der einzelne Mensch physisch ein Leichnam wird, und wie im einzelnen Menschen der Leichnam zur Erde hinunterfällt und die Seele in die geistige Welt aufsteigt, so wird es auch mit der ganzen Erde sein.
Wenn wir die ganze Erde als den Leib der ganzen Menschheit betrachten, so können wir sagen: Die Erde stirbt als Leichnam ab, geht auf in der Materie des Weltenraumes, wird zerstäubt, um materiell aufs Neue verwendet zu werden. Der Mensch aber steigt hinauf in geistige Welten, um in den nächsten planetarischen Zustand hinüberzugehen. Und wir sollen uns vor Augen halten, daß dies keine abstrakten Worte sind.
Es ist doch sonderbar, daß es Menschen gibt, die glauben, daß unsere Erde mit der Sonne und den anderen Planeten einmal ein großer Dunstnebel war und nichts sonst, und daß sich da herausgebildet haben Sonne, Erde, und durch Zusammenschießen der Materie der Mensch, und daß er sich immer so weiter entwickelt und einmal in der Erde begraben sein wird: das Ganze eine sinnlose Episode! Die künftige Kulturgeschichte wird viel Mühe haben, dieses krankhafte Phantasiegebilde zu begreifen; zu begreifen, wie einmal die menschliche Phantasie so krank werden konnte, dies als ernsthafte Vorstellung anzunehmen. Eine Kant-Laplacesche Theorie zu geben, bedeutet ganz dasselbe, wie den Menschen erklären zu wollen aus dem Staube, in den er zerfällt bei der Verbrennung. Solche Wissenschaft ist todbringend, sie belebt nicht die lebendige Kraft in unserer Seele. Geisteswissenschaft soll die Kraft beleben, zu höherer und höherer Gestalt uns auszubilden, und uns fähig machen, nicht mit dem Staube der Erde uns zu verbinden, sondern uns hinüber zu entwickeln zu neuem planetarischem Dasein.
The Work of the Ego in the Child: A Contribution to the Understanding of the Christ Being
When giving a public lecture such as yesterday's on “Spiritual Science and the Future of Humanity” or a similar one, one is compelled to take very clearly into account the receptivity of our present world, and to take very much into account that this receptivity is limited. One must be clear that in our time, insights that are necessary for humanity as such are indeed flowing down from the spiritual worlds, but that today very few people are able to receive them with an open mind. Most people who have not prepared themselves accordingly would still experience the deeper aspects of our spiritual science as a shock, as something fantastical or dreamlike.
All the more must we delve deeper into the most important questions in relation to what we have been able to incorporate into our feelings and perceptions in the course of a longer branch life. And here I would like to point out that it is necessary to take a closer look at the great truth of the implantation of the I into human nature and to view this great truth in a somewhat more complicated way than is usually done.
We know that during the ancient Saturn period, human beings first received the physical body, during the Sun period the etheric body, during the ancient Moon period the astral body, and that the task of our earthly evolution is actually to incorporate the I into the remaining members of the human being. When we reach the end of Earth's development, we will be completely permeated, as far as this is possible, by the nature of the I. If we consider the human being on Earth as such, we can say that the actual center of his being, the core within him, is the nature of the I. But we must notice that this I is connected with us in different ways during the various periods of our present life, not always in the same way. We must bear in mind that the various members of the human being are not yet known if we only know that the human being consists of a physical, etheric, astral body, and I. Let us now see in what different ways these members can be connected with each other, both in the various epochs of human development and in the individual life of the human being. Let us first consider the child. We know that it learns relatively late to say “I.” This is very significant. Even if modern psychology, which wants to be a science, does not understand this, it is nevertheless deeply significant, because the child comes relatively late to the idea, to the inner experience of the I. In the first years of life, even up to the age of three or three and a half, the child, even if it occasionally repeats the word “I,” does not yet have a real experience of the I. You can find a book, “Die Seele deines Kindes” (The Soul of Your Child) by Heinrich Lhotzky, which contains the curious statement that children learn to think before they learn to speak. This is nonsense, because children learn to think by speaking. Those who strive for spiritual knowledge must be cautious about what is presented as science today. It is only after about the age of three that children really learn to live in the I, to know about the I.There is something else connected with this, namely that in normal consciousness — that is, not in higher, clairvoyant consciousness — we cannot remember anything beyond a certain point in our lives. Think about it: if you search back, you will realize that your memory breaks off at some point. It does not reach back to birth. Sometimes you can confuse what you have been told with what you have experienced yourself, but the thread breaks off at about the same point where the experience of the I arises. As a small child, you do not have it; you only acquire it later, and then your darkest memories begin.
Now we ask ourselves: If the experience of the self was not there in the first three years, was the self not there in the child either? We must distinguish between whether we know something about what is within us or whether it is within us without our knowledge. The ego is in the child, but it knows nothing about it, just as a person is connected to the ego while asleep but knows nothing about it. The fact that we know something does not determine that something is there. We must say: The ego is there, but it is not conscious in the child.What about the I? - Yes, that has its own explanation. If you were to examine the human brain purely physically, you would see that after birth the brain looks quite imperfect in relation to its later form. Some of the fine convolutions have to be developed later, have to be sculpted out in the following years. This is what the ego does in humans, and because it has to do this, it cannot become conscious. It has to develop the brain into something else, into a finer form, so that it can later think. The ego is very industrious in the first years.
When this ego becomes conscious, we could ask it in vain: How did you manage to develop this brain so artfully? You will admit that in the whole of its life between birth and death, the ego does not attain the kind of consciousness that the brain develops. Nevertheless, we can ask ourselves this question. And we receive the answer that in its activity the ego stands under the guidance of the beings of the higher hierarchies. When we have a child before us and observe him clairvoyantly, his ego is certainly there as an ego aura, but from this ego aura currents flow to the higher hierarchies, to the angels, archangels, and so on, and the forces of the hierarchies flow in. Therefore, when it is said in naive consciousness that a child is protected by an angel, this is a very real truth. Later, this closer connection ceases: the ego experiences itself more in the nerves and can become conscious of itself. It is a kind of severance. Thus, in the child, we have a kind of “telephone connection” in which the ego continues into the divine-spiritual hierarchies. We must take spiritual scientific statements seriously. I once said: The wisest person can learn a lot from a child. — They can also learn a lot from children because they do not need to see the child itself, they also see into the spiritual world through the child, because the child has a “telephone connection” to the spiritual world, which is later cut off. So that in the first three years we have a completely different being in front of us in humans than later on. We have a childlike ego that works plastically under the guidance of the beings of the higher hierarchies to shape the human thinking tools. Then it enters there, but can no longer work on them. The human thinking tools must already be formed. They can continue to develop, but the ego can no longer work on them.
We cannot simply divide human beings into the human being who stands before us in the first three and a half years and the rest of humanity. In esotericism, the first human being is called the divine human being because he is related to the higher hierarchies, or the Son of God; the other is called the Son of Man. The ego is within this person and moves the limbs and works from within, as far as it can still work. So we have to distinguish between the Son of God and the Son of Man.
We therefore have to imagine a gap between the Son of God and the Son of Man. The Son of God, who is primarily active until the age of three and a half, contains all the animating forces that inspire human beings to pour more and more life forces into their organisms. These forces also contain something constructive, healing, and invigorating in relation to the later human being. If, in later life, we do not want to have merely human beings who are dependent on their senses and on the tools of their physical bodies, and thereby connect with their environment, but also want to rise up into the spiritual world in later life, then we must try to awaken something of these forces in ourselves in an artificial way; we must appeal to the forces that are within us in early childhood, with the only difference being that we now awaken them consciously, whereas the child awakens them unconsciously. We see, then, that in this respect the human being is dual. What actually comes to light in this power of the first three and a half years? In these forces, which work under the guidance of the higher hierarchies, what comes to the fore is what has been carried over from previous incarnations. You can easily convince yourself of this by feeling the human skull. There you will find individual elevations and depressions. No two skulls are alike, so there is no universally valid phrenology. It must be applied individually. The forces working in the human skull come from previous incarnations, and they cease to have their impact when these three and a half years are over. During these three and a half years, everything is still malleable, and the spirit can still work on it. Later, everything has become solid, and the spirit can no longer work on it.
What is it that prevents us from working with these forces later on? Where does this come from? It comes from our special earthly development. Once the ego has become conscious of itself in the body, this presupposes that the body is firmly established and can no longer be worked on by the forces just described. We are dealing with forces that are peculiar to human beings as species, as beings of a particular kind, and which build them up into human architecture. If we were to work with the childhood forces in the physical body for longer than the appropriate three and a half years, the physical body would not be able to withstand it. It would tear apart, it would break, because the forces that bind it to the physical line of inheritance would then become effective. If the other force did not cease, it would break apart, fall apart; it would not be able to endure. We sink into our human son; the Son of God can no longer rise up against our human son after three years. But we still carry this Son of God within us; these forces work within the physical body throughout our entire life, but they can no longer participate directly in its development. When we look within ourselves, we find the continuation of the I that had the “telephone connection.” But the physical body is too coarse, too rough, too wooden for the Son of God to continue shaping it plastically. The best forces are contained in these first three to three and a half years; we live on them throughout our entire life. They are obscured, but they are still present in various ways in later years. It is as if we were permeated by these forces but could not live them out directly. If we want to take in concepts of the higher worlds through spiritual science, we can do so all the better the more we have within us of what was in us during the first three years, when the I was selflessly within us. The fresher and more flexible these forces are, the less senile they have become in old age, the more we are suited to transforming ourselves through these forces of the spirit. What we have around us during these three years is the best part of humanity. Unfortunately, only the dense physical body prevents us from making full use of these forces. If someone is able to develop them particularly well in later years, they can no longer change their physical body; it is no longer as soft as wax. But if they can make full use of them through esoteric wisdom, then this power flows out through the fingertips, and they receive the special gift of healing, of restoration through the laying on of hands—if they are still effective, those spiritual powers that no longer transform their own bodies, but which, when they flow out, have a beneficial effect.
The goal of Earth's development is to gradually bring these best powers to fruition within us. When Earth's development comes to an end and we have gone through many incarnations, we will have to be completely imbued with what we had unconsciously in our early childhood years. There is a difference between having these powers unconsciously and consciously. People will then have to be completely imbued with such a childlike consciousness. And because it will expand only slowly, it will not burst their bodies.
In the evolution of the world, a model had to be provided for this entry of the power of childhood into humanity. It is obvious that this model could not be provided in the child. A human being who had already reached a certain age had to be consciously permeated with the same forces that unconsciously permeate human beings in early childhood. If we had a human being before us from whom we removed the ego, emptied him of this ego, and poured into him what the child has in the first years of life, he would bring this to consciousness with his developed brain. What was in him in the first years of childhood would be conscious in him. How long can a human life on earth endure these elements? Three years, no longer, then it must break down. If it cannot transform itself — in humans it transforms in the normal course of development — then the human body cannot endure it for more than three years. If it were possible for a being to consciously carry the forces of childhood within itself, then the karma of that human being would have to be arranged in such a way that after three years the physical body in which this being is immersed would break down.
It is therefore conceivable that what human beings attain through all incarnations until the goal of earthly evolution is brought into the world through a model, in that a human being is placed in the world who, through his physicality, makes it possible for his ego to be removed and another being implanted in him, which has the way open to this through its incarnations. Then the human body would no longer tolerate this being within itself for more than three years. The human body would then break down according to its karma. This is what happened. At the baptism of John in the Jordan, we see this human body that was suitable for his ego, the Zarathustra ego, to emerge. Then a being descended into this body. The Christ being filled it, but could only remain there for three years. After three years, it broke this body in the mystery of Golgotha.
What was able to live in the human body for three years at that time must be nurtured and cultivated by human beings and gradually brought to life in their souls through incarnations, so that at the end of incarnations it can be fully present in the human being. We see a remarkable connection between the Son of God in man and the Christ event. For all the things we find in the occult realm can be illuminated from different sides. Such proofs as ordinary science demands cannot satisfy occultism. They must become convincing by gathering together truths from all sides that support and sustain each other. We can get to know the Christ event from a new angle by deriving it today from human nature itself. We have made it clear to ourselves how we can best understand Christ by developing the attitude that results from such truth. We must realize that when the human body was fully developed, through the baptism in the Jordan, there was a being in the body of Jesus of Nazareth that is in every human body, but only unconsciously during the first three years of life. And we must look at the three years when this child was brought into consciousness. Then we will best come to know the Christ being.Old sayings have different meanings. One such meaning emerges for us from the saying: Unless you become like little children, you cannot enter the kingdom of heaven. Here we see deeply into the deeper meaning that sometimes lies in individual sentences of religious documents.
Let us consider this childlike life especially at this time, when it is now developing fully. Science today still does not know much about what can contribute to studying the true nature of the human being. First of all, we must realize that the human being is radically different from all other beings from the very beginning. If you look at something close to you, such as an ape, From the very beginning, its gait is implanted in it by a peculiar balance, by the peculiar balance of the way its limbs are arranged. At first, the human being cannot walk at all; he must first achieve balance in his body. Through the work of his ego, he must bring his limbs into the position in which he can maintain himself upright and walk. Thus, in the first years of childhood, the ego must not only work to develop the brain plastically, it must also achieve the equilibrium that is not given to humans from the outset as it is to animals. Humans must first bring their bones into the angular position that they must have in accordance with their center of gravity in order to be able to walk and find their way. This is implanted in animals from the outset, right up to the highest animal. In humans, this must first be achieved gradually through the work of the ego. Before that, they crawl or fall over. Thus, humans would be bound to the ground, to the same place, if their ego did not work during the first years of their lives.
We have already seen that the ego works on the brain, chiseling it out so that we later become beings capable of cognition. So we can say that we acquire the ability to recognize truth in life by the ego forming its tool. It must be clear to us that there can be no life after death unless we work for it.What further distinguishes humans so radically from all other beings is their language. Language must also first be acquired by the ego. Humans are not predisposed to speak. Language does not belong to what humans are predisposed to from the outset. Certainly, cows say moo, but that is not yet language. The acquisition of language depends on the ego dwelling among other human egos. If a human being is transplanted to a distant island, he does not learn to speak. It is hereditary that we get our second teeth; it is hereditary that we grow. We would also get teeth if we were on a desert island. But we acquire language through the ego in the circle of human life. These differences are important. So that in what we call human life, language is the third thing that our ego acquires.
Through the exercise of these forces, the developing human being finds his way on earth, he recognizes the truth, and he lives human life together with his environment. If the child could express what it acquires in this way, it could say: The ego within me transforms me so that I am the way, the truth, and the life. Think of this translated into the higher spiritual realm: how must a being who lives for three years in the human body with fully conscious childhood forces speak to human beings? It must say: I am the way, the truth, and the life. Indeed, as the forces of childhood rise to a higher, fully conscious level, we see in this the great example of what is revealed in the child at a lower level. This is a fundamental truth that runs through Christ Jesus. Not only the saying, “Unless you become like little children, you cannot enter the kingdom of heaven,” cannot be understood unless one knows what spiritual science has to say about the actual connection with the animating forces of childhood, but also what sounds like a radical statement: “I am the way, the truth, and the life,” is best understood when we see the example in what the I develops in the child's body.
From such things we acquire what enables us to carry over, at least for the soul, if not for the body, something of the animating forces that we need again on earth. People today, unless they recognize the spiritual world, have no real feeling for such facts. Go to many people who are out there in the outer life and say to them something like what has been said here today: Unless you become like little children, you cannot enter the kingdom of heaven — and you will see that the people out there will say: “Well, those are very clever comparisons, but what are we supposed to do with them?” People will find it more useful to watch some sensational drama, if not something worse. Those who do not really feel that these truths have any meaning will find them unjustified, because it is precisely in the feeling for such things that the power lies to bring childlike receptiveness into our lives. If we cannot bring ourselves to feel sympathy and enthusiasm for something like comparing Christ with the activity of the human ego in the first years of life, if we are capable of considering such a thing childish, then we have no talent for awakening the forces of early childhood. All the dried-up scholars have so little power to awaken the forces of early childhood and thereby reach the spiritual world! If we have enthusiasm for engaging with such things, it has an effect on our soul such that we become imbued with these forces of early childhood. This gives us something that enables us to maintain our Christianity with a broad mind. Have I not often said that we are only at the beginning of understanding Christ? For centuries, up until the 12th and 13th centuries, there was a Christianity that did not have the opportunity to read the Bible; it had to rely on sermons and on what spiritually inspired people said. Then came Christianity that adhered to the Bible, that derived its knowledge from what is written in the Bible. And we are not mindful of the power of Christ if we do not hold fast to the fact that He truly fulfilled His promise: “I am with you until the end of time.” We are Christians if we are clear about the fact that in every age, after Christ has manifested Himself once, He will manifest Himself again for everyone who wants to see Him. Christ is not so poor that He has only what is written in the Gospels to say. We must not always invoke the words, “You cannot bear it now,” but let humanity become ripe to recognize Christ.
Such things include being able to take the right attitude toward what pours forth through the baptism of John, toward the healthy, fertilizing forces of childhood. That would be a deeply fruitful idea. Even if no one knew anything about the name of Christ or the Gospels—we are not at all concerned with names—what matters is the essence. We leave it to others to say that anyone who does not swear by Buddha is not a true believer. We do not hold to the name, but to the thing itself. We do this, for example, by recognizing how, in the first years of life, there are forces in human beings that once settled in the body of Jesus of Nazareth.
Imagine you were on a desert island where no document about the mystery of Golgotha had ever arrived: if people there worked in such a way that, through their spiritual life, they consciously absorbed the power of early childhood right up to old age, they would be Christians in the true sense of the word. Then they would not need to search in the Gospels, for Christianity is something living, and it will continue to develop further and further. This is something we must hold fast to in contrast. Then we will be able to understand more and more clearly how intimately the Christ mission is connected with the whole of earthly existence. We will then be able to say that this Christ mission is something we can recognize in human beings today. The necessity of Christianization, of living out Paul's saying, “Christ in me,” arises from the fact that we say: We must permeate our whole life with the transformation of what lives in us in early childhood, then Christ is in us.
This makes it entirely possible to grasp Christianity in its broadest sense and to see the possibility that Christianity will take on completely different forms. There will come times when Christ will be called something completely different, when there will be completely different documents, when no reference will be made to external history to show that such a being once existed, but when this fact will be recognized out of the consciousness of humanity.
We present all this because it is precisely with such things that we can show again and again how spiritual science can intervene in the deepest possible way in the entire shaping of human feeling and must become practical life. Only then will we really understand what we find in documents. For many people, the documents are still a closed book. A person of today stands before us: at the end of the Earth's time, they have come so far that they have Christified their soul inwardly; today they are only at the beginning of their work. But Christ lives in them, and through all subsequent incarnations He will live more and more and in an ever wider sense within them.
What was it like before Christ revealed himself on earth? The ego was only in preparation. Christ is what gives the ego its meaning, so that in the past the ego was only in preparation. Every time a being is still in preparation, the beings that preceded it must help it. Human beings were in preparation to give meaning to their ego until the event at Golgotha. Until then, other beings who had previously reached the human stage, namely on the old moon, had to help them. We know that these are the beings of the higher hierarchy of the next stage, the angels. They stand one step higher than human beings. These beings had the task of guiding humanity as long as humans were not yet able to look to Christ and say: Christ gives meaning to my ego. Therefore, humans could not lead themselves to Christ, but had to be led there by the beings who are their older brothers.
The biblical record reflects this with wonderful accuracy. Take the forerunner of Christ Jesus, John. If he is really to be the forerunner, he cannot be the being portrayed in external history, for he does not yet have the I in the sense that has now been described. Therefore, one cannot say that his forerunner, John the Baptist, went before him. Strangely enough, the Gospel of Mark begins immediately with the words of the prophet: “I send my angel before you, who shall prepare your way.” This means that something must be taken into account which is clearly seen in abstract terms in theological circles, but which people overlook when they deal with concrete matters. The outer world is initially a maya. We must first learn to see it in the right way, then it is no longer a maya. When the outer events on the physical plane are recounted by John, this is maya. We do not understand them. The Bible sees the person of John as Maya. An angelic being lives in John, taking possession of his soul, leading people to Christ. He is a shell for the revelation of angelic beings. The angel was able to enter him because the reborn Elijah was ready to receive the angel. Then the angel spoke through him, who was sent and who only uses John as a tool. This is what the Bible says exactly.
So we can say that human beings could only be led to the I through those who had completed the human stage on the old moon and became the guides of earthly human beings in pre-Christian times. All ancient human guides became guides through the working of angels through them. What would happen to modern human beings? In pre-Christian times, angelic beings worked in his being because man did not yet have the ego as his own model within himself. Since he has the Christ-sunlight, man can turn his face toward Christ, and thereby a power enters him again, just as the angels did before. Just as he previously accepted the angels, man must now accept Christ through devotion to the Christ-being. If John could still say, “It is not I, but the angel within me who is sent and uses me as an instrument to prepare the way,” then today human beings must say, as Paul did, “It is not I, but Christ within me.” They must learn to understand Christ as spiritual science teaches him.
One can express what has been said today about the first three years of life, for example. To emphasize the necessity that childhood spreads its sunny radiance over the whole of life is to Christianize a human being. Modern science, on the other hand, causes senility, a failure to permeate with the sun forces of childhood, the withering of parts of the brain, and many other things.
So we take from such truths the idea that it is possible to recognize Christianity in its essence if one disregards all documents and looks only at the observation of human beings. If one does not look at spiritual science in such a way that one says: Now I know that the human being consists of four members, the physical, etheric, astral, and I-self, but rather that it is important to know how these individual members are connected in human nature, then one can see that the first childhood ego is related to another entity, that this ego is, as it were, a shell, and how, after three years, it completely changes its position in relation to the other members, to the rest of human nature.
This knowledge acquires its true value when it becomes a force within us, and when we say to ourselves: We have many incarnations to go through on earth in the future; we know that we can, so to speak, continue to develop what is within us further and further, bringing it to ever greater consciousness; we know that we can pour out the higher human being, the Son of God, completely over the Son of Man, and thereby ascend ever higher from incarnation to incarnation until the earth has reached its goal. Then the earth will become a corpse, just as the individual human being becomes a physical corpse, and just as in the individual human being the corpse falls down to the earth and the soul ascends into the spiritual world, so it will be with the whole earth.
If we consider the whole earth as the body of the whole of humanity, we can say: The earth dies as a corpse, dissolves into the matter of the universe, is pulverized in order to be used again materially. But human beings ascend into spiritual worlds in order to pass over into the next planetary state. And we should bear in mind that these are not abstract words.
It is strange that there are people who believe that our Earth, together with the Sun and the other planets, was once a great mist and nothing else, and that the Sun, the Earth, and, through the collision of matter, human beings were formed, and that human beings will continue to evolve and one day be buried in the Earth: the whole thing a meaningless episode! Future cultural history will have great difficulty in understanding this morbid fantasy, in understanding how the human imagination could once have become so sick as to accept this as a serious idea. To give a Kant-Laplace theory is to do exactly the same as trying to explain human beings from the dust into which they disintegrate when they burn. Such science is deadly; it does not enliven the living force in our souls. Spiritual science should enliven the force that trains us to higher and higher forms and enables us not to bind ourselves to the dust of the earth, but to develop into a new planetary existence.