The Festivals and Their Meaning I:
Christmas
GA 156
27 December 1914, Berlin
VIII. The Birth of Christ Within Us
"Were Christ born a thousand times in Bethlehem, and not in thee, thou art lost eternally."
There are two aspects of this beautiful saying of the great Mystic Angelus Silesius. The one is the declaration that the true Christmas must be celebrated in man's inmost heart, that any outward celebration of Christmas must quicken the impulse whereby in the Holy Night of winter, the very deepest forces of the soul are drawn forth from the darkness prevailing within as the darkness of winter prevails without. These deep forces of the soul are aware of their union with the Being Who pervades all earthly evolution, giving it meaning and purpose. Within us we find some thing with which Christ is united if with conscious devotion to the Spiritual Powers working in the world we penetrate deeply enough into our life of soul.
And the other aspect of the words of Angelus Silesius is that the human being in earthly evolution to-day can become conscious of the fact that true manhood, assurance of true manhood, depends upon the soul feeling inwardly united with the essence and substantiality of Christ Jesus.
In the course of years our studies have brought it home to us that as earthly evolution proceeds, consciousness of Christ deepens, that human beings passing from incarnation to incarnation attain greater and greater understanding of the real nature of Christ. And we have tried to intensify this knowledge by drawing upon a source which enables us to celebrate the Holy Night of Christmas, the Festival of the Birth of Jesus, in a deeper and more worthy way.
What this implies will become clear from the lecture to-day.
A famous modern historian was once asked by a man interested in world events, why no mention is made in his writings of happenings which are the outcome of the Mystery of Golgotha, nor of the influences of Christ Jesus in the course of human history. The historian was asked why his books speak of the influences exercised upon history by popes, monarchs, military campaigns, governments, even by happenings in nature, but have no single word to say about the forces that have poured into mankind from the Mystery of Golgotha and since then have been at work in all human life and human affairs. After a long pause and deep deliberation, the historian answered: The method I have adopted for the exposition of history must remain as it is; for the Christ-forces that stream through happenings in the world belong to a primordial realm into which the human mind is incapable of gazing. The effects and influences of the Mystery of Golgotha—yes, certainly they can be discerned; but to describe the intrinsic, essential nature of these deeds of Christ is not possible in the writing of history.
This is only one of the many examples that could be given in proof of the fact that the most distinguished and enlightened minds of modern times cannot claim to celebrate the Christmas Festival in an inner sense. For in the soul of this historian, Christ Jesus as a living Figure, a living Being, had not become such intense reality that he could feel His presence in all human evolution from year to year, from week to week, even from hour to hour. It is possible for a really learned scholar to-day to survey the whole course of history without perceiving that since the Mystery of Golgotha, the Power of Christ has been working everywhere. There are many causes to account for the fact that the Festival of the Holy Night, the Festival of the Christmas Mystery, is not yet celebrated in the souls of the vast majority of human beings.
A certain illumination is given by one who has spoken of these things out of a deep and true feeling for the Christian Mystery. This was Goethe, who so beautifully recounts the life and travels of Wilhelm Meister. Wilhelm Meister comes to a stately building and is conducted around it by its owner. He is shown the gallery which contains a series of paintings of the most important historical occurrences among various peoples of antiquity—notably among the early Hebrews—from the time of Paradise, the Fall, and on through the later epochs. History is portrayed in impressive scenes, ending with the destruction of Jerusalem ... but there is no single picture of a scene from the life of Christ Jesus, although the series continues beyond the Crucifixion as far as the destruction of Jerusalem. Wilhelm Meister asks: Why does nothing in this picture-gallery portray the life of the divine Man who has brought such blessing into the evolution of humanity?—These are his words:1The translation of the quotations from Wilhelm Meister is that of Thomas Carlyle. "In your historical series I find a chasm. The Temple of Jerusalem is destroyed and the people dispersed, yet you have not introduced the divine Man who taught there shortly before; to whom, shortly before, they would give no ear." The answer made to Wilhelm Meister is: "To have done this, as you require it, would have been an error. The life of that divine Man whom you allude to, stands in no connection with the general history of the world in his time. It was a private life; his teaching was a teaching for individuals. What has publicly befallen vast masses of people and the minor parts which compose them, belongs to the general history of the world, to the general religion of the world, the religion we have named the First. What inwardly befalls individuals, belongs to the Second religion, the Philosophical: such a religion was it that Christ taught and practised, so long as He went about on earth."
These are deeply moving words. Every human being on the earth is related individually to the Christ. Folk-history, as it may be called, is woven by the affairs of the several peoples, for it is concerned with human affairs in general, within the orbit of general human destiny. But what Christ Jesus has brought into the world penetrates deeply and inwardly into the experiences of every human heart, every human soul—belonging to no matter what part of earthly evolution—in so far as it feels itself truly Man. We must realise that this ‘feeling of oneself as man’ arose for the first time from what came into human evolution through the Mystery of Golgotha.
And now to continue. The owner of the palace leads Wilhelm Meister to another gallery that has been kept closed, where the events of the New Testament are portrayed. Wilhelm Meister is therefore not permitted to see the events of the New Testament in a place where external happenings and actions in the world are presented, but only in an esoteric sanctuary, for the sight of which the soul must have been prepared, have withdrawn from things pertaining to the worldly history of the peoples. The basis of the soul's activity must now be esoteric and individual: then it may cross the Threshold leading to the pictures of scenes from the New Testament. Here again the pictures go no farther than the Last Supper. Wilhelm Meister asks: "As you have set up the life of the divine Man for a pattern and example, have you likewise selected his sufferings, his death?" The answer he receives is full of significance; it is an answer which indicates what reverent awe accompanies the experience of the mystery fulfilled on the earth by the Being dwelling in the body whose birth is celebrated in the Holy Night of winter. Wilhelm Meister has been conducted as it were to the first level of esoteric truth, where he witnesses the delineation of scenes as far as the Last Supper; but then comes the most esoteric portion of all, referred to with deep and holy awe: "We draw a veil over these sufferings, because we reverence them so highly. We hold it a damnable audacity to exhibit that torturing Cross and the Holy One who suffers on it, exposing them to the light of the sun." (Travels of Wilhelm Meister. Part II.)
This is an example of the feeling for esotericism to be found in the 18th century. The feeling was sound and true, for we ourselves shall readily agree that pictorial representations of Christ's sufferings, unless they are from the hand of a supreme artist, drag down the Mystery of Golgotha to the human level. And we can understand that one who in the 18th century had a deep, deep feeling for the Mystery of Golgotha was averse from looking at the many distorted portrayals of this sacred Mystery, preferring to draw a veil over these things, because he felt that only the inmost forces of the soul can be united, supersensibly, with what is connected with and follows the Last Supper.
But what is it that underlies these esoteric feelings and experiences? The hearts of men were yearning for a vista, a conception of the Christ Mystery greater than any that was possible at that time. With all humility, with a humility deeper than that with which we approach any other matter presented by spiritual science, it may truly be said that for long ages the best human souls have been yearning, pining for the knowledge of Christ that can be imparted by occult science. And to-day we may be assured that when the time is ripe, the souls of men will behold as reality, what hitherto could only be known in a different form.
The consciousness that such knowledge will one day be within the reach of the human heart, and the longing for it, has been one of life's great riddles to the best souls. Men have been reaching out for an understanding of Christ that will enable them to grasp the import of the mighty Deed accomplished on Golgotha which can be revealed to the eye of soul when the veil is lifted. In the lecture yesterday I explained why a knowledge of Christ once enriched by the old clairvoyance was bound to recede, how it was received in the earliest periods of Christendom but then gradually waned and faded away. I will read, again to-day, an ancient Gnostic hymn from which it is clear that in the old, clairvoyant form of knowledge the consciousness was alive that the Christ Who came into the world through the Child born at Christmastime, is a Cosmic Being, increasing in majesty and greatness, the higher the soul's vision soars into the realms of spirit—for through these realms He descended. It was inevitable that in later times, when the springs of this knowledge had run dry, a veil should be drawn over the great Event, because men were no longer able to explain that in the secret represented by the Child, the highest wisdom is enshrined. In this Child was born a Being Who traversed the heavenly worlds before His appearance on earth.—
Behold, O Father, how, distant from Thy Breath,
This being upon earth
(this ‘being’ is the human soul)
Wanders, the target and victim of all ill,
Lost and perplexed, it flees the deadly chaos—
How shall it find its way?
In converse with the Father God, Jesus is speaking of the descent through the cosmic spheres, of how his eyes turn to the human soul to whom he would fain bring salvation, wandering in chaos but yet longing for Christ.—
Therefore send me, O Father,
Descending, I bear the seal of heaven,
Traversing all the Aeons ...
The spiritual worlds are ranged one above the other in the heavenly spheres and the higher we ascend the more do we find that the older worlds are still living realities, the most ancient being present to this day in the highest spheres of all. What was once connected with the Saturn evolution is to be found in the very highest spiritual spheres, and these successive spheres, related to the flow of time, are called ‘Aeons.’
Traversing all the Aeons,
Teaching all sacred knowledge;
Thus may God's image be made manifest;
And thus to you I give
The deeply hidden knowledge of the sacred way:
‘Gnosis’ it shall be for you.
Mankind has very largely lost consciousness of the Christ as a Cosmic Being. This loss was inevitable, for the old clairvoyance had to disappear and an intervening period—an Aeon devoid of spirit—to come, in order that eventually a new form of clairvoyant vision may arise. But this new vision must again be directed to the spiritual worlds, must not characterise in forms such as are presented to men's outward sight, the Being Who in the Holy Night entered into the evolution of humanity. This new vision must reveal how the Christ Being descended from heavenly sphere to heavenly sphere and thence to the earth, giving the earth meaning and purpose.
Behold, O Father, how, distant from Thy Breath,
This being upon earth
Wanders, the target and victim of all ill,
Lost and perplexed it flees the deadly chaos—
How shall it find its way?
Therefore send me, O Father,
Descending I bear the seal of heaven,
Traversing all the Aeons,
Teaching all sacred knowledge;
Thus may God's image be made manifest;
And thus to you I give
The deeply hidden knowledge of the sacred way:
‘Gnosis’ it shall be for you.
What, in reality, is the earth that surrounds us, when we perceive its essential being? If the corpse of one whose soul already dwells in spiritual worlds lies before you, will you ever say: This is a man? Will you ever say: This is still, in the full sense of the word, a man? The higher members of human nature are no longer in the corpse from which the soul has departed. But since the middle of the Atlantean epoch the earth has been gradually becoming a corpse devoid of soul. The earth around us, despite its manifold beauties, has been approaching the state of a corpse since the middle of Atlantean times and is becoming more and more corpselike. Standing before the huge rocks, one can say no truer thing than that here is the skeleton which the earth has been in process of becoming ever since that time! In the rock-strewn earth we perceive the dying part of the earth-organism, which was a living organism only until the middle of the Atlantean epoch. Geology itself realises that when we walk over the earth or guide the plough through the soil, we are walking over the corpse of the earth, guiding the plough through the corpse of the earth. Geologists have acknowledged this and external science itself, when it begins really to think, cannot do otherwise. And so, inasmuch as we are surrounded by the earth, we confront death; we are spectators of the gradual dying of our earthly globe.
And now let us imagine that the Mystery of Golgotha had not taken place, that the Cosmic Being Whom we call Christ had not entered through the two Jesus boys into earth-evolution.2See: The Spiritual Guidance of Man and Mankind; also the Lecture-Courses on the Gospel of St. Luke and the Gospel of St. Matthew by Rudolf Steiner. Earth-evolution would then be no more, would already by to-day have been overcome by death. But through the two Jesus boys the Christ did enter earthly evolution and then, living in the one for three years, consummated the Mystery of Golgotha, whereby a new seed of life was imparted to the earth. Therefore when the time is fulfilled, the earth will not remain a corpse in cosmic space—the soul having become the prey of Ahriman and Lucifer! No—that is what would have happened had Christ not come into the earth as a living, fertile seed. Because He has come, the earth will not fall into dust, the soul will not be in the sole possession of Lucifer and Ahriman, for the Christ Seed has infused new life into earth-evolution! Just as the earth once separated from the sun and has become a child of the sun, so will earth-evolution, imbued with a new impulse, be fraught with the meaning and purpose imparted by Christ.
Thus spiritual science turns our eyes with awe and reverence to the Mystery of Golgotha and because it points to realms beyond the range of material vision, we feel that it is for us to lift the veil ... since we are resolved to see behind this veil not only what comes before the eyes of an age destined to grow into materialism. Therefore it is again beginning to be possible for those in whom the impulses of spiritual science have come to life, to look up to the Christ as a Cosmic Being. Again and again let it be repeated that the infinite devotion we can feel towards the Child born in the Holy Night of Christmas is not thereby diminished. Rather is this devotion deepened when we can feel the reality of Christ as did Christian Morgenstern when there sprang from his soul a poem which seems like a resurrection of ancient and holy Gnostic thoughts pervaded alike by the Christ-Love and cosmic wisdom. And so a new Christmas is celebrated when in the dark night of materialism, voices ring out that are not the voices of the Gnostics of olden times but are quickened and enriched by dedication to the Living Being of the Cosmic Christ.
Licht ist Liebe ... Sonnen-Weben
Liebes-Strahlung einer Welt
schöpferischer Wesenheiten—die durch unerhörtte Zeiten
uns an ihrem Herzen hält,
und die uns zuletzt gegebenihren höchsten Geist in eines
Menschen Hülle wahrend dreier
Jahre: da Er kam in seinesVaters Erbteil—nun der Erde
innerlichstes Himmelsfeuer:
dass auch sie einst Sonne werde.
(Light is Love ... the rays of sunshine are the weaving radiance of a world of loving Creator-Spirits. Who, after hiding us in their heart through endless ages, at the last surrendered to us their sublimest One. Wrapped for three years in the body of a Man, He came then into possession of His Father's estate—and is now the innermost heavenly flame of Earth herself, that she too may one day be a Sun).
"Were Christ born a thousand times in Bethlehem, and not in thee, thou art lost eternally."
May there be celebrated in our souls an inner festival of the Holy Night; may our souls be filled with the realisation that a new knowledge of Christ must be born in our time. This new knowledge of Christ links the inmost core of man's being with primal innocence, links the state of childhood, not, as yet, that of mature life, with the very heights of cosmic being. When, in the Holy Night of winter our minds turn to the Christ Child, there is enacted before our souls the greatest of all festivals of consecration, the festival that rings through all the Aeons—and we know that the deepest realities of man's being and nature are indissolubly connected with all cosmic evolution.
Those whose hearts are kindled by spiritual science feel and know that victory over all death can be achieved when the soul is united with the Christ Being. I spoke of this to-day at the funeral of one taken from us so tragically by the war. Realisation of how the heights of cosmic being are connected with the inmost nature of man was impossible as long as the human mind was unable to conceive that the very quintessence of history lies in the Mystery of Bethlehem. But this insight will dawn in those who understand the secret of the two Jesus boys. In the one boy there was present the power of the wisest of all men in pre-Christian times, namely Zarathustra. This boy represents the flower of the previous stages of human evolution; the aura of the other boy was illumined by the forces of the great Buddha. The body of the one boy springs from the noblest blood of the ancient Hebrew peoples; the soul of the Jesus boy described in the Gospel of St. Luke leads back to the earth's beginning.3See Rudolf Steiner's Lecture-Courses on the Gospel of St. Matthew and the Gospel of St. Luke. The soul of this Jesus boy was kept back, when, in the age of Lemuria, man came to the earth; this soul was guarded by the Mysteries until it was sent into the body of the Jesus whose birth is described in the Gospel of St. Luke. It is said that immediately after birth, this Child uttered words intelligible only to the Mother, in a language unlike any other language, and which the Child himself forgot directly earthly consciousness awoke in him. A mystery was voiced immediately after birth ... And indeed, much of what we have to reveal concerning the Christ Mystery is an exposition of what was uttered by the Jesus boy of the Gospel of St. Luke directly after his birth.
And so spiritual science enables us to understand the Christ Impulse in the deeper aspect of human evolution—in the evolution of pre-Christian times too—for the differences disappear and the voice of the Initiates can still be heard. When once the magnitude of what poured into the evolution of humanity at the Mystery of Golgotha is grasped it will be possible for these forces to be brought to even greater fruition. But men must know Who the Christ was before they can speak truly of Him—in history, for example. If within our movement there are individuals—in greater and greater numbers—who resolve to kindle the light that can be kindled in those inner depths which since the Mystery of Golgotha have been within men's reach then the Christ Light will shine out in every single soul. This Christ Light becomes the Christmas Tree that will illumine all evolution in ages of time to come. The soul will behold an earth again made living, will find Christ everywhere within this new earth.
Those who have allied themselves with spiritual science can receive its tidings of Christ with such depth of feeling that the Christmas Festival will one day be celebrated in every individual soul. It is the Festival which represents the birth of that knowledge of Christ which comes from Christ Himself and is therefore a birth of Christ within us, True, indeed are the words: "Were Christ born a thousand times in Bethlehem, and not in thee, thou art lost eternally." But to this beautiful string of Angelus Silesius we can add: We are secure eternally if we seek the experience belonging to the Holy Night of winter, if we seek to bring Christ to birth in the depths of our souls!
Zweiter Vortrag
Der große neuere Mystiker Angelus Silesius hat das schöne Wort gesprochen:
Wird Christus tausendmal zu Bethlehem geboren
Und nicht in dir, du bleibst noch ewiglich verloren.
Zwei Seiten hat dieser Ausspruch. Die eine besteht darin, daß mit ihm gleichsam das Bekenntnis abgelegt wird: die rechte, die wahre Weihnachtszeit muß gefeiert werden in dem inneren Herzen des Menschen, und Anregung muß alles äußere Weihnachtsfeiern sein zum Erstreben der inneren Tatsache, die da in der Winterweihenacht aus den Tiefen unserer Seele, aus dem Dunkel, das im Inneren der Seele so waltet, wie das Winterdunkel draußen, die tiefsten Kräfte heraufholt, die die Seele in sich finden kann. Und diese tiefsten Kräfte fühlen sich verbunden mit derjenigen Wesenheit, von der der Mensch ahnen kann, wie sie alles Erdenwerden durchwallt und durchwellt und ihm den Sinn gibt. Wir finden in den Tiefen unserer Seele etwas, mit dem der Christus ist, wenn wir nur tief genug heruntergehen in die Untergründe unseres Seelenlebens, dahin, wo wir noch mit unserem den geistigen Mächten der Welt ergebenem Sinn Bewußtsein entfalten.
Und die andere Seite des Spruches von Angelus Silesius besteht darin, daß der Mensch, der heute im Erdenwerden sich so recht als Mensch erfühlt, sich zum Bewußtsein bringen kann, wie wahres Menschensein, Nichtverlorensein als wahrer Mensch, daran geknüpft ist, daß die Seele im Innersten sich verbunden fühle mit der wesenhaften Substantialität des Christus Jesus. Aber uns ist durch mannigfaltige Betrachtungen im Laufe der Jahre klargeworden, daß im Fortschritt der Erdenentwickelung das Christus-Bewußtsein selbst sich immer vertiefen müsse, daß, mit andern Worten, die Menschen, wie sie von Inkarnation zu Inkarnation gehen, immer tiefer und tiefer zum Verständnis desjenigen kommen, was eigentlich der Christus ist. Und wir haben versucht in den letzten Zeiten, diese Christus-Erkenntnis dadurch zu vertiefen, daß wir gerade einen Quell geschaffen haben, durch den wir die Weihnachtsweihenacht, die Winterweihenacht, das Fest der Jesu-Geburt, in einem tieferen Sinne feiern können. Wie das gemeint ist, gehe aus unserer heutigen Betrachtung einmal hervor.
Ein großer Historiker der neueren Zeit wurde von einer an den Weltereignissen interessierten Persönlichkeit gefragt, warum denn in seinen Büchern die Ereignisse ausgeschaltet werden, die sich abspielen im Anschluß an das Mysterium von Golgatha, warum denn da nirgends die Rede ist von dem Eingreifen der Kräfte und Mächte des Christus Jesus in den Fortgang des menschlichen Geschehens. Gefragt wurde der große Historiker, warum er erklärt, wie die Päpste in die Geschichte eingegriffen haben, die Könige, die Heere, die verschiedenen Verwaltungsinstanzen, selbst Naturereignisse in die Geschichte eingegriffen haben, aber nichts könne man in seinen Schriften finden darüber, wie sich hindurchzieht durch das menschliche Geschehen seit dem Mysterium von Golgatha, was an Kräften in die Menschheit übergegangen ist durch dieses Mysterium von Golgatha. Der Historiker wurde nachdenklich. Dann sagte er nach einiger Zeit, nachdem er in der Sache mit sich gründlich zu Rate gegangen war: Für die Geschichtsbetrachtung muß es doch bei der Art bleiben, die ich bisher gepflogen habe; denn dasjenige, was an Christus-Kräften das Weltengeschehen durchwellt und durchströmt, das gehört einer Art Urwelt an, in die die Menschenseele nicht hineinzuschauen vermag. Man kann wohl betrachten, welche Wirkungen ausgegangen sind von dem Mysterium von Golgatha und von den Christus-Taten, aber man kann nicht die Eigenheit dieser ChristusTaten in der Geschichte selbst schildern.
Nun, dies ist nur eine der Illustrationen, die gegeben werden können für die Tatsache, daß selbst für so etwas wie die Geschichtsbetrachtung die illustresten Persönlichkeiten der neuesten Zeit nicht von sich sagen können, daß ihre Seele bereits das Weihnachtsfest gefeiert hat; denn noch nicht war aufgegangen in der Seele dieses Historikers die lebendige Gestalt, die lebendige Wesenheit des Christus Jesus, so daß er sie hätte schauen können, wie sie von Jahr zu Jahr, von Woche zu Woche, ja von Stunde zu Stunde durch alles das geht, was im Menschenwerden geschieht. Man kann hineinschauen heute noch als ein gründlicher Historiker in das geschichtliche Werden und nichts vernehmen davon, daß überall die Kraft des Christus in diesem geschichtlichen Werden seit dem Mysterium von Golgatha vorhanden ist. Verschiedene Ursachen können wir suchen dafür und auch finden -, daß gewissermaßen in der Seele vieler, vieler Menschen noch nicht das Winterweihefest, das dem Weihnachtsmysterium gewidmet ist, gefeiert wird.
Einen gewissen Aufschluß kann uns geben derjenige, der uns diese Tatsache gewissermaßen aus den Tiefen seines Wesens heraus, wo er so recht das christliche Mysterium empfand, dargestellt hat: Goethe. Den Wilhelm Meister, den Goethe so liebevoll geschildert hat in seinem ganzen menschlichen Werdegang, läßt er in ein Schloß kommen. Wilhelm Meister wird von dem Schloßherrn herumgeführt, und dann wird ihm gezeigt die Bildergalerie des Schlosses. Diese Galerie ist eine eigentümliche Galerie; sie enthält nämlich hintereinander die hauptsächlichsten Szenen des geschichtlichen Werdens: wie verflossen ist die Weltgeschichte bei den verschiedenen Völkern des Altertums, und auch beim althebräischen Volk, von Paradieseszeiten, vom Sündenfalle an, bis hindurch in die weiteren Epochen des geschichtlichen Lebens. In bedeutungsvollen Szenen ist das geschichtliche Werden dargestellt, und dann endet die Sache bei der Zerstörung Jerusalems - und nicht findet sich irgendein Bild, welches enthielte irgendeine Szene aus dem Leben des Christus Jesus, trotzdem die Geschichte über das Mysterium von Golgatha hinausgeführt wird bis zur Zerstörung Jerusalems. Da fragt Wilhelm: Warum hast du in deiner Bildergalerie nicht irgend etwas über den göttlichen Mann, der so viel Heil in die Menschheitsentwickelung gebracht hat? Ich finde in diesem Geschichtsgang eine Lücke; ich sehe den Tempel Jerusalems zerstört, ohne daß der Mann aufgeführt wird, dem sie kurz vorher noch kein Gehör geben wollten. - Und geantwortet wird Wilhelm: Dies zu tun, wie Ihr verlangt, wäre ein Fehler gewesen. Das Leben dieses göttlichen Mannes steht mit der Weltgeschichte seiner Zeit in keiner Verbindung. Es war ein Privatleben, seine Lehre eine Lehre für die einzelnen. Was Völkermassen und ihren Gliedern öffentlich begegnet, gehört der Weltgeschichte, der Weltreligion an, welche wir für die erste halten. Was dem einzelnen innerlich begegnet, gehört zur zweiten Religion, derjenigen der Weisen. Eine solche war die, welche Christus lehrte und übte, so lange er auf der Erde umherging.
Wahrhaftig, ein tief zu unserem Herzen sprechendes Wort! In bezug auf die Christus-Tatsache steht jeder Mensch als einzelner da, und steht in bezug auf die Christus-Tatsache allen Menschen, die auf der Erde wohnen, als unmittelbare Individualität gegenüber. Dasjenige, was man darstellen kann als Volksgeschichte, schleicht sich in die Angelegenheiten der einzelnen Völker; denn es betrifft dasjenige, was, wenn ich mich so ausdrücken darf, im Umkreis des menschlichen Schicksals vorgeht, mit dem Menschlichen vorgeht. Das, was der Christus Jesus in die Welt gebracht hat, es geht tief, tief innerlich hinein in dasjenige, was - welchem Teile der Erdenentwickelung er auch angehört - jedes Herz, jede Menschenseele insofern erfühlt und erlebt, als sie sich im wahren Sinne des Wortes als Mensch und als bloßer Mensch fühlt. Man muß es wieder empfinden, daß dieses Sich-als-Mensch-Fühlen erst mit dem, was durch das Mysterium von Golgatha gezogen ist, in die Menschheitsentwickelung der Erde eingetreten ist.
Und gehen wir weiter: Derjenige, dem das Schloß gehört, führt nun Wilhelm Meister weiter und zeigt ihm eine andere Galerie, die er verborgen gehalten hat. Nun treten sie in das Innere eines andern Raumes, wo die Ereignisse des Neuen Testamentes dargestellt sind. Also nicht da, wo die weltlichen Ereignisse von Etappe zu Etappe dargestellt sind, wo man das Exoterische zeigt, sollte Wilhelm sehen die Ereignisse des Neuen Testamentes, sondern in einem esoterischen Raum, für dessen Anschauung die Seele sich erst bereitet, herauszieht aus demjenigen, was weltgeschichtlich ist und den einzelnen Völkern angehört. Und nur auf die esoterische Basis des einzelnen, individuellen Menschen soll sich die Seele stellen. Dann wird sie die Schwelle übertreten, wo die Bilder des Neuen Testamentes aufgestellt sind. Auch in diesem Raum findet sich nicht das ganze Neue Testament, sondern nur die Szenen bis zum Abendmahl. Wilhelm fragt: «Habt ihr denn auch, so wie ihr das Leben dieses göttlichen Mannes als Lehr- und Musterbild aufstellt, sein Leiden, seinen Tod, gleichfalls als ein Vorbild erhabener Duldung herausgehoben ?» Darauf erhält er eine bedeutungsvolle Antwort, eine Antwort, aus der zu entnehmen ist, mit welchen Schauern man empfinden kann das Allerheiligste, das vorgegangen ist auf Erden mit dem Wesen, das Wohnung genommen hat in einem Leibe, dessen Geburt wir in der Winterweihenacht feiern. Gleichsam in das nächste Esoterische soll Wilhelm geführt werden, um die Bilder bis zum Abendmahl zu sehen. Aber dann kommt das Esoterischste, und das wird mit heiligen Schauern also ausgesprochen: «Wir ziehen einen Schleier über diese Leiden, eben weil wir sie so hoch verehren. Wir halten es für eine verdammungswürdige Frechheit, jenes Martergerüst und den daran leidenden Heiligen dem Anblick der Sonne auszusetzen ...»
So konnte man esoterisch fühlen im 18. Jahrhundert. Es war gut, so esoterisch zu fühlen, denn wir können durchaus gerade von unserem Gesichtspunkt aus zugeben, daß in einer gewissen Weise die bildlichen Darstellungen gerade des Leidens, wenn sie nicht von den höchsten, von den wirklich bedeutendsten Künstlern gegeben sind, das heilige Mysterium von Golgatha zu den Menschen herabgezogen haben. Und wir können die Empfindung verstehen, daß ein tiefer Erfühler des Mysteriums von Golgatha in der damaligen Zeit nicht schauen wollte alle die Zerrbilder, die man vielfach gemacht hat von diesem heiligen Mysterium, sondern einen Schleier über all das gezogen haben wollte, weil er fühlte, daß nur der Seele innigste, heiligste Kräfte übersinnlich verbunden sein wollen mit demjenigen, was sich anschließt an die Geheimnisse des heiligen Abendmahls.
Aber welche Empfindung ist denn im Grunde genommen in allem darinnen? Was dürfen wir dann gerade empfinden, wenn wir ein solches Gefühl beim esoterischen Seelenerleben begreifen wollen? Das müssen wir begreifen, daß Sehnsucht in den Menschenherzen war, als so etwas geschaut wurde: Sehnsucht war in dem menschlichen Herzen nach einer Auffassung, einer Anschauung des ChristusMysteriums, die größer ist als diejenige, die man damals haben konnte. In aller Demut, in einer noch viel größeren Demut als den andern Dingen der Geisteswissenschaft gegenüber, dürfen wir uns heute gestehen, ja, wahrhaftig gestehen: nach demjenigen, was als ChristusErkenntnis uns werden soll durch die Geheimwissenschaft, lechzen sehnsüchtig die besten Seelen seit langer, langer Zeit.
Heute dürfen wir uns sagen: Was man vorher nur in anderer Form wissen konnte, es wird geschaut werden von den Seelen, wenn bald die Zeit erfüllt wird sein! Das Bewußtsein davon, daß einstmals solche Erkenntnis das menschliche Herz wird durchzucken können, und die Sehnsucht darnach, sie lebte als Lebensrätsel in den besten der Seelen. Eine Christus-Erkenntnis ist es, nach der die Menschen trachteten, die dem Großen, das geschehen ist auf Golgatha, angemessen ist und die man ins Auge fassen darf, ins Seelenauge auch dann, wenn die Schleier hinweggezogen werden. Für einige Freunde habe ich es gestern ausgeführt, wie in einer gewissen Weise die Christus-Erkenntnis zurückgehen mußte, wie in den ersten Zeiten der Entwickelung des Christentums diese Christus-Erkenntnis, noch befruchtet von dem alten Hellsehen, aufgenommen worden ist, und wie dieses später nach und nach abgeflaut ist. Und ein altes gnostisches Gedichtchen las ich gestern unseren Freunden vor, das ich auch hier vorbringen möchte, um so recht darauf hinzuweisen, wie gegenüber der alten atavistischen, hellseherischen Erkenntnis ein Bewußtsein hier vorhanden war: Der Christus, den wir anschauen, wenn wir ihn durch das Weihnachtskind in die Welt kommen sehen, der Christus ist ein Weltenwesen, das immer mehr wächst, in je höhere geistige Sphären wir den Seelenblick wenden - denn durch diese Sphären steigt er herunter. Deshalb mußte eine abgelebte Menschheit einen Schleier ziehen vor dieses Ereignis, weil sie noch nicht imstande war, darauf hinzuweisen, wie in dem Geheimnis des Kindes, das jedes Kind im Gefühl versteht, zugleich die höchste Weisheit liegt. In diesem Kind war geboren ein Wesen, das durch die Welten ging, bevor es auf der Erde erschien.
Jesus sprach:
Sieh hin, o Vater,
Wie dies Wesen auf der Erde
- gemeint ist die menschliche Seele
Aller Übel Ziel und Opfer,
Fern von deinem Hauche irrt.
Sieh, das bitt’re Chaos flieht es,
Ratlos, wie’s hindurch soll finden.
Im Zwiegespräch mit dem göttlichen Vaterwesen wird Jesus vorgeführt, wie er durch die Weltensphären den Weg herunter nimmt, wie er hinschaut auf die im Chaos irrende, aber zu ihm sich sehnende Menschenseele, der er das Heil bringen will. Und also spricht Christus weiter zum Vater:
Darum sende mich, o Vater!
Siegeltragend steig ich abwärts,
- die Himmelssiegel tragend
Der Äonen Zahl durchschreit ich ...
In den geistigen Sphären sind übereinander geschichter die geistigen Welten, und je höher wir hinaufsteigen, desto mehr finden wir, daß die älteren Welten gegenwärtig noch leben; das, was das Älteste war, ist zu gleicher Zeit heute in den höchsten Sphären zu finden. Was einst mit der Saturnentwickelung verbunden war, finden wir heute in den höchsten geistigen Sphären, und insofern man mit der Zeitentwickelung zusammenbringt diese Aufeinanderfolge der geistigen Sphären, werden sie Äonen genannt.
Der Äonen Zahl durchschreit ich,
Jede heilge Kunde deut ich,
Zeige dann der Götter Bildnis.
Und so schenk ich euch
Des heiligen Weges
Tief verborgne Kunde:
«Gnosis» heißt sie nun für euch.
Verlorengegangen bis zu einem gewissen Grad ist der Menschheit das Bewußtsein dieses kosmischen Christus. Es mußte verlorengehen, weil das alte Hellsehen hinschwinden mußte, eine Zwischenzeit kommen mußte, gleichsam ein geistloser Äon, damit wieder entstehen kann eine neue Art des hellseherischen Blickes. Der muß sich aber wieder hinaufwenden in die geistigen Welten, muß nicht bloß mit dem, was äußeres Menschenschauen ist, das Wesen charakterisieren, das durch die Winterweihenacht hereintritt in die Menschheitsentwickelung, sondern verfolgen, wie dieses Wesen von Himmelssphäre zu Himmelssphäre steigt, heruntersteigt auf die Erde und der Erde Sinn gibt, ja, der Erde Sinn gibt.
Sieh hin, o Vater,
Wie dies Wesen auf der Erde,
Aller Übel Ziel und Opfer,
Fern von deinem Hauche irrt.
Sieh, das bitt’re Chaos flieht es,
Ratlos, wie’s hindurch soll finden.
Darum sende mich, o Vater!
Siegeltragend steig ich abwärts,
Der Äonen Zahl durchschreit ich,
Jede heilge Kunde deut ich,
Zeige dann der Götter Bildnis.
Und so schenk ich euch
Des heiligen Weges
Tief verborgne Kunde:
«Gnosis» heißt sie nun für euch.
Als was erscheint uns denn eigentlich diese Erde, insofern sie um uns herum ist, wenn wir sie in ihrem wahren Sein betrachten? Werdet Ihr jemals sagen: Dies ist ein Mensch -, wenn man Euch einen solchen Leichnam heranbringt, dessen Seele in geistigen Welten außerhalb des Leichnams bereits wohnt? Werder Ihr jemals sagen: Dies ist im vollen Sinne des Wortes noch ein Mensch? - Gerade die höheren Glieder der Menschennatur sind nicht mehr in dem entseelten Leichnam. In dem Falle aber, in dem ein entseelter Leichnam ist, ist nach und nach die Erde seit der Mitte der atlantischen Zeit in der Entwickelung. Die Erde um uns herum, trotz aller ihrer Schönheiten, ist seit Mitte der atlantischen Zeit Leichnam werdend, und sie wird immer mehr und mehr Leichnam. Und indem man hinausgeht und vor den gigantischen Felsen steht, sagt man sich am besten: Das ist das Skelett, das die Erde herangestaltet von der Mitte der atlantischen Zeit an! - Und indem Ihr, was die Felsen bedeckt, als Erde ins Auge faßt, seht Ihr die absterbenden Teile des eigentlichen Erdenorganismus, der nur bis zur Mitte der atlantischen Zeit lebend war. Sogar die Geologie ist sich schon klar darüber, daß, indem wir über die Erde schreiten oder den Pflug durch die Erdscholle führen, wir über den Erdenleichnam schreiten oder den Pflug durch den Leichnam führen. Sogar unsere Geologen haben es schon ausgesprochen, und die äußere Wissenschaft selbst, wenn sie anfängt zu denken, kann nicht anders, als solche Dinge anzuerkennen. So stehen wir im Grunde genommen, indem wir von der Erde umgeben sind, dem Tode gegenüber, und wir schauen zu, wie unser Erdenball nach und nach abstirbt.
Und nun denken wir uns, das Mysterium von Golgatha hätte sich nicht vollzogen, diejenige kosmische Wesenheit, die wir die ChristusWesenheit nennen, wäre niemals durch die Jesusknaben in die Erdenentwickelung hereingekommen - dann wäre es nichts mit der Erdenentwickelung; sie wäre ein Sterben heute schon. $o aber ist die Christus-Wesenheit durch die beiden Jesuskinder gegangen und dann durch den einen Jesusknaben, in dreijähriger Erdenzeit, durch das Mysterium von Golgatha gegangen, und die Erde bekam einen neuen Keim der Lebendigkeit. Und nicht wird die Erde, wenn die Zeit einst erfüllt ist, verbleiben im Weltenraum, und die Seele - Ahriman und Luzifer verfallen! Nein, das würde geschehen, wenn der Christus nicht als lebendiger Keim in die Erde hineingekommen wäre. Aber da er hineingekommen ist, wird die Erde nicht in Erdenstaub verfallen, die Seele nicht bloß dem Luzifer und Ahriman verfallen, denn ein neues Leben ist mit dem Christus-Keim in die Erdenentwickelung hineingekommen. So wie die Erde sich einstmals abgespalten hat von der Sonne und ein Sohn der Sonne geworden ist, so wird dadurch, daß der Christus der Erdenentwickelung einen Sinn gegeben hat, die Erde durchdrungen von diesem sinnvollen Wesen zu neuer Entwickelung.
So sehen wir hinein durch die Geisteswissenschaft in das Mysterium von Golgatha, so stehen wir erschauernd in der heutigen Zeit und fühlen uns berufen, erst dadurch, daß wir aufweisen diejenigen Gebiete, in die das sinnliche Schauen nicht mehr reicht, den Schleier heben zu dürfen, weil wir nicht wollen hinter diesem Schleier nur dasjenige schauen, was ja schauen mußte eine Zeit, die ihrer Aufgabe nach sich nach dem Materialismus hin entwickelt hat.
Daher beginnt in unserer Zeit wiederum die Möglichkeit, daß diejenigen, die ihre Seele erfüllt wissen von geisteswissenschaftlichen Impulsen, zum Christus hinaufschauen als zu einem kosmischen Wesen. Dadurch wird wahrhaftig nicht - es muß das immer wiederum gesagt werden - verkleinert die unendliche Hingabe, die wir haben können für das Kind der Weihnachtsweihezeit. Das einfache christliche Empfinden wird dadurch nicht vermindert. Es wird vertieft, wenn wir also den Christus empfinden können, wie unser lieber Freund Christian Morgenstern ihn empfand, als ein Gedicht aus seiner Seele erblühte, das uns erscheinen kann wie ein Wiederauferstehen uralt heiliger gnostischer Ideen, in denen zu gleicher Zeit die ChristusLiebe waltete und die kosmische Weisheit tätig war. Und so feiern wir ein neues Weihnachten, indem in der finsteren Nacht des Materialismus wieder Stimmen ertönen, die nicht die der alten Gnostiker sind, aber die befruchtet sind von demjenigen Sinn, der hingerichtet ist nach der lebendigen kosmischen Christus-Wesenheitt.
Licht ist Liebe ... Sonnen-Weben
Liebes-Strahlung einer Welt
schöpferischer Wesenheitendie durch unerhörte Zeiten
uns an ihrem Herzen hält,
und die uns zuletzt gegebenihren höchsten Geist in eines
Menschen Hülle während dreier
Jahre: da Er kam in SeinesVaters Erbteil - nun der Erde
innerlichstes Himmelsfeuer:
daß auch sie einst Sonne werde.Wird Christus tausendmal zu Bethlehem geboren,
Und nicht in dir, du bleibst noch ewiglich verloren.
Lassen wir in unsere Seele einziehen das innerliche Winterweihnachtsfest, lassen wir unsere Seelen erfühlen, wie geboren werden muß in unserer Zeit eine neue Christus-Erkenntnis. Diese ChristusErkenntnis, welcher Art ist sie denn? Sie knüpft dasjenige, was des Menschen Intimstes ist und gleichsam sein ganzes Wesen zusammenzieht, an das Allereinfachste: sie knüpft das Kindesleben, noch nicht das voll entwickelte Menschenleben, an das höchste kosmische Sein und Werden. Wir fühlen, indem wir hinschauen zum ChristusKind, dessen wir in der Winterweihenacht gedenken, die mächtigste Winterweihe vor unserem Seelenblick stehen, die durch alle Äonen reicht, und wir verbinden alles Weltenwerden, wohin wir auch schauen, mit allem Menschlichen, mit dem tiefsten Menschlichen.
So fühlt derjenige, der sein Gefühl entnimmt aus unserer Geisteswissenschaft, wie der Sieg über allen Tod erworben wird durch die Vereinigung der Seele mit der Christus-Wesenheit in unserer Zeit worauf ich heute bei einer uns tief erschütternden Gelegenheit an dem Grabe des durch den Krieg uns entrissenen Freundes hindeutete. Aber so lange konnte man nicht erfühlen, wie das höchste Kosmische mit dem intimsten Menschlichen zusammenhängt, als man nicht die Geschichte in ihrem innersten Extrakte schauen konnte in dem Geheimnis von Bethlehem. Das aber wird dem Menschen, wenn er sich das Mysterium von den beiden Jesusknaben vor Augen führt. Da haben wir die Kraft des in der vorchristlichen Zeit weisesten Menschen, des Zarathustra, in dem einen Jesusknaben. Das, was von der einen Seite herabströmt an menschlicher Entwickelung, wir haben es in dem einen Jesusknaben. Wir haben des andern Aura durchhellt und durchleuchtet von dem, was von Buddha ausgegangen ist. Und wir haben das äußere leibliche Leben, abstammend aus den edelsten Säften des althebräischen Volkes, und wir haben das, was des Lukas-Jesusknaben Seelisches ausmacht, hinaufgeleitet bis zum Erdenursprung. Denn wir wissen, daß das, was das tiefste Seelische des Lukas-Jesusknaben war, zurückgeblieben ist, als der Mensch in der alten lemurischen Zeit die Erde betreten hat, und daß es durch die heiligen Mysterien aufbewahrt worden ist und dann hingeleitet wurde, als der Lukas-Jesusknabe geboren wurde, zu dem Leib, der da geboren wurde. Daher jenes eigentümliche Sprechen des LukasJesusknaben unmittelbar nach der Geburt, das nur die Mutter verstehen konnte, das keiner Sprache glich, das auch der Knabe sogleich verlernte, als Erdenbewußtsein in ihm auftauchte. Aber es war ein Aussprechen eines Geheimnisses unmittelbar nach der Geburt. Im Grunde genommen ist vieles von dem, was wir über das ChristusMysterium zu enthüllen haben, eine Auslegung dessen, was der Lukas-Jesusknabe unmittelbar nach seiner Geburt gesprochen hat.
So haben wir durch unsere Geisteswissenschaft den ChristusImpuls ganz heraus aus dem tieferen Menschenwerden begriffen, jenem Menschenwerden der alten vorchristlichen Zeiten, wo gewissermaßen auch die Unterschiede wieder aufhören, die Eingeweihten wieder sprechen. Wenn man einmal begriffen haben wird, was alles in die Menschheitsentwickelung eingetreten ist mit dem Mysterium von Golgatha, dann wird man auch die Möglichkeit finden, überall, wo Menschenwerden ist, auch in der Geschichte, die Kräfte weiter zu fördern. Aber erst muß man wissen, wer der Christus wirklich war, bevor man zum Beispiel auch in der Geschichte von ihm sprechen kann.
Dann aber, wenn sich innerhalb unserer geistigen Strömung Seelen finden, immer mehr und mehr Seelen, die da suchen den Impuls, innerlich zu entzünden das Licht, das entzündet werden kann, wenn wir hinuntersteigen in die tiefsten Seelenkräfte, die heute der Mensch nach dem Mysterium von Golgatha haben kann, dann wird sich zeigen, daß durch solches Hinuntersteigen wirklich das Christus-Licht in jeder einzelnen Seele angezündet wird. Dieses Christus-Licht, das wird zum Baume, zum Weihnachtsbaume, der da leuchten wird in allem menschlichen Zukunftswerden so, daß erreicht werden muß das, wohin die Seele schaut in der wiederbelebten Erde, so daß sie im Leben dieser wiederbelebten Erde allüberall den Christus findet. Das wird sie. Und so ernst genommen kann die Christus-Botschaft der Geisteswissenschaft werden, daß bei den Bekennern dieser Geisteswissenschaft wirklich in jeder einzelnen Seele einmal jenes Weihnachtsfest gefeiert wird, welches darstellt die Geburt jener ChristusErkenntnis, die von dem Christus selbst kommt, die also eine wahre Christus-Geburt, eine Geburt des Christus in uns ist. Sie muß aber eintreten, diese Christus-Geburt in uns. Wahr, wahr ist das Wort:
Wird Christus tausendmal zu Bethlehem geboren
Und nicht in dir, du bleibst noch ewiglich verloren.
Und fügen wir hinzu zu diesem wunderschönen Ausspruch des Mystikers Angelus Silesius: Darum wollen wir uns ewiglich finden, indem wir ewig suchen nach dem Erlebnis der Winterweihenacht, nach der Geburt des Christus in den Tiefen unserer Seele!
Second Lecture
The great modern mystic Angelus Silesius spoke these beautiful words:
If Christ were born a thousand times in Bethlehem
And not in you, you would remain lost forever.
There are two sides to this statement. One is that it is, as it were, a confession: the true Christmas season must be celebrated in the inner heart of man, and all external Christmas celebrations must be an inspiration to strive for the inner reality that, on the holy night of winter, brings forth from the depths of our soul, from the darkness that reigns within the soul like the darkness of winter outside, the deepest powers that the soul can find within itself. And these deepest forces feel connected with that beingness of which human beings can sense how it permeates and waves through everything that becomes earthly and gives it meaning. We find something in the depths of our soul that is connected with Christ, if we only go deep enough into the depths of our soul life, to the place where we still unfold our consciousness with our sense devoted to the spiritual powers of the world.
And the other side of Angelus Silesius' saying is that human beings who today, in their earthly existence, feel themselves to be truly human, can become aware of how true humanity, not being lost as a true human being, is linked to the soul feeling connected in its innermost being with the essential substance of Christ Jesus. But through manifold observations over the years, it has become clear to us that in the progress of earthly evolution, Christ consciousness itself must become ever deeper, that in other words, as human beings pass from incarnation to incarnation, they come ever deeper and deeper into the understanding of what Christ actually is. And we have tried in recent times to deepen this knowledge of Christ by creating a source through which we can celebrate Christmas, the winter solstice, the feast of the birth of Jesus, in a deeper sense. What this means will become clear from our present consideration.
A great historian of modern times was asked by a person interested in world events why his books omitted the events that took place after the Mystery of Golgotha, why there was no mention of the intervention of the forces and powers of Christ Jesus in the course of human events. The great historian was asked why he explained how the popes had intervened in history, how kings, armies, various administrative bodies, even natural events had intervened in history, but that nothing could be found in his writings about what had passed through human events since the Mystery of Golgotha, what forces had passed into humanity through this Mystery of Golgotha. The historian became thoughtful. Then, after some time, having thoroughly consulted with himself on the matter, he said: “For the study of history, I must stick to the method I have used so far; for that which permeates and flows through world events in the form of Christ forces belongs to a kind of primordial world into which the human soul cannot look. One can certainly consider the effects that have emanated from the mystery of Golgotha and from the deeds of Christ, but one cannot describe the uniqueness of these deeds of Christ in history itself.”
Now, this is only one of the illustrations that can be given for the fact that even for something like the study of history, the most illustrious personalities of recent times cannot say of themselves that their souls have already celebrated Christmas; for the living figure, the living being of Christ Jesus, had not yet dawned in the soul of this historian so that he could see it how it passes through everything that happens in human development from year to year, from week to week, indeed from hour to hour. Even today, a thorough historian can look into historical development and perceive nothing of the power of Christ that has been present in this historical development since the mystery of Golgotha. We can seek and find various reasons for this — that, in a sense, the winter solstice festival dedicated to the Christmas mystery is not yet celebrated in the souls of many, many people.
A certain insight can be given to us by someone who has presented this fact to us, as it were, from the depths of his being, where he truly felt the Christian mystery: Goethe. Wilhelm Meister, whom Goethe so lovingly portrayed in his entire human development, is allowed to enter a castle. Wilhelm Meister is shown around by the lord of the castle and then shown the castle's picture gallery. This gallery is a peculiar gallery; it contains, one after the other, the most important scenes of historical development: how world history unfolded among the various peoples of antiquity, including the ancient Hebrew people, from the time of paradise, from the Fall of Man, through to the later epochs of historical life. Historical events are depicted in meaningful scenes, and then the story ends with the destruction of Jerusalem—and there is not a single picture containing any scene from the life of Jesus Christ, even though the story continues beyond the mystery of Golgotha until the destruction of Jerusalem. Wilhelm asks: Why have you not included anything in your picture gallery about the divine man who brought so much salvation to human development? I find a gap in this historical account; I see the temple of Jerusalem destroyed without any mention of the man whom they refused to listen to shortly before. Wilhelm is answered: To do as you request would have been a mistake. The life of this divine man has no connection with the world history of his time. It was a private life, his teaching a teaching for individuals. What publicly confronts masses of people and their members belongs to world history, to world religion, which we consider to be the first. What confronts the individual inwardly belongs to the second religion, that of the wise. Such was the religion that Christ taught and practiced as long as he walked on earth.
Truly, a word that speaks deeply to our hearts! In relation to the Christ fact, every human being stands as an individual, and in relation to the Christ fact, all human beings who dwell on earth stand as immediate individualities. What can be represented as the history of a people creeps into the affairs of individual peoples, for it concerns what, if I may express it thus, takes place in the sphere of human destiny, what happens to human beings. What Christ Jesus brought into the world goes deep, deep within what every heart, every human soul feels and experiences, regardless of which part of the Earth's development it belongs to, insofar as it feels itself to be human and merely human in the true sense of the word. We must feel again that this feeling of being human only entered into the development of humanity on earth with what came through the Mystery of Golgotha.
And let us continue: The owner of the castle now leads Wilhelm Meister further and shows him another gallery that he has kept hidden. Now they enter another room where the events of the New Testament are depicted. So Wilhelm should not see the events of the New Testament where the worldly events are depicted stage by stage, where the exoteric is shown, but in an esoteric room for the contemplation of which the soul first prepares itself, withdrawing from what belongs to world history and to the individual peoples. And the soul should place itself only on the esoteric basis of the individual human being. Then it will cross the threshold where the images of the New Testament are set up. Even in this space, not the entire New Testament is found, but only the scenes up to the Last Supper. Wilhelm asks: “Have you also, just as you set up the life of this divine man as a teaching and exemplary image, highlighted his suffering and death as a model of sublime endurance?” He receives a meaningful answer, an answer from which one can gather with what shudders one can feel the most holy thing that happened on earth with the being who took up residence in a body whose birth we celebrate on Christmas Eve. Wilhelm is led, as it were, into the next esoteric realm to see the images up to the Last Supper. But then comes the most esoteric part, which is expressed with holy awe: “We draw a veil over these sufferings precisely because we revere them so highly. We consider it a damnable impertinence to expose that instrument of torture and the saint suffering on it to the sight of the sun...”
This was how people felt esoterically in the 18th century. It was good to feel this way, because we can certainly admit, from our point of view, that in a certain sense, pictorial representations of suffering, unless they are created by the highest, truly significant artists, have brought down the sacred mystery of Golgotha to the people. And we can understand the feeling that a person who deeply felt the mystery of Golgotha at that time did not want to see all the distorted images that had been made of this sacred mystery, but wanted to draw a veil over it all, because he felt that only the most intimate, most sacred forces of the soul want to be connected super-sensibly with what follows from the mysteries of the Holy Communion.
But what feeling is there really in all of this? What, then, may we feel when we want to understand such a feeling in esoteric soul experience? We must understand that there was longing in human hearts when something like this was seen: there was longing in the human heart for an understanding, a view of the Christ Mystery that is greater than what could be had at that time. In all humility, in even greater humility than toward other aspects of spiritual science, we can admit to ourselves today, truly admit: according to what is to become our knowledge of Christ through secret science, the best souls have been longing eagerly for a long, long time.
Today we can say to ourselves: What could previously only be known in another form will be seen by souls when the time is fulfilled! The awareness that such knowledge will one day be able to flash through the human heart, and the longing for it, lived as the mystery of life in the best souls. It is a knowledge of Christ that people have been seeking, one that is appropriate to the great event that took place on Golgotha, and one that can be grasped with the soul's eye when the veils are lifted. Yesterday I explained to some friends how, in a certain sense, the knowledge of Christ had to recede, how in the early days of Christianity this knowledge of Christ, still fertilized by the old clairvoyance, was received, and how this later gradually faded away. Yesterday I read an old Gnostic poem to our friends, which I would like to quote here in order to point out how, in contrast to the old atavistic, clairvoyant knowledge, a consciousness existed here: The Christ whom we behold when we see him come into the world as the Christmas Child, that Christ is a world being who grows ever higher, the higher we turn our spiritual gaze, for it is through these spheres that he descends. That is why a dead humanity had to draw a veil over this event, because it was not yet able to point out how the highest wisdom lies in the mystery of the child, which every child understands in feeling. In this child was born a being who passed through the worlds before appearing on earth.
Jesus said:Look, O Father,
How this being on Earth
- meaning the human soul
The goal and victim of all evil,
Far from your breath it errs.
See, the bitter chaos flees from it,
Clueless as to how to find its way through.
In dialogue with the divine Father, Jesus is shown how he descends through the spheres of the world, how he looks down upon the human soul wandering in chaos but longing for him, to whom he wants to bring salvation. And so Christ continues to speak to the Father:
Therefore send me, O Father!
Sealing bearer, I descend,
- bearing the seals of heaven
I pass through the number of eons ...
In the spiritual spheres, the spiritual worlds are layered one above the other, and the higher we ascend, the more we find that the older worlds are still alive today; that which was the oldest is to be found today in the highest spheres. What was once connected with the development of Saturn, we find today in the highest spiritual spheres, and insofar as one brings this succession of spiritual spheres into connection with the development of time, they are called eons.
I pass through the number of eons,
I interpret every sacred message,
Then I show the image of the gods.
And so I give you
The sacred path
Deeply hidden knowledge:
“Gnosis” is what it is now called for you.
To a certain extent, humanity has lost consciousness of this cosmic Christ. It had to be lost because the old clairvoyance had to disappear, an interim period had to come, a spiritless eon, so that a new kind of clairvoyant vision could arise again. But it must turn back up to the spiritual worlds, must not merely characterize with what is visible to the outer human eye the being that enters human evolution through the winter solstice, but must follow how this being ascends from heaven to heaven, descends to earth and gives meaning to the earth, yes, gives meaning to the earth.
Look, O Father,
See, it flees the bitter chaos,
How this being on Earth,
The goal and victim of all evil,
Errs far from your breath.
Clueless as to how to find its way through.
Therefore send me, O Father!
Bearing the seal, I descend,
I pass through the ages,
I interpret every sacred message,
Then I show the image of the gods.
And so I give you
The sacred path
Deeply hidden knowledge:
“Gnosis” is its name for you.
What does this earth actually appear to us, insofar as it is around us, when we consider it in its true being? Will you ever say, “This is a human being,” when someone brings you a corpse whose soul already dwells in spiritual worlds outside the corpse? Will you ever say, “This is still a human being in the full sense of the word”? The higher members of human nature are no longer present in the lifeless corpse. But in the case of a lifeless corpse, the earth has been gradually evolving since the middle of the Atlantean epoch. The earth around us, despite all its beauty, has been becoming a corpse since the middle of the Atlantean epoch, and it is becoming more and more a corpse. And when you go outside and stand before the gigantic rocks, you can best say to yourself: This is the skeleton that the earth has been forming since the middle of the Atlantean epoch! And when you look at what covers the rocks as earth, you see the dying parts of the actual earth organism, which was only alive until the middle of the Atlantean epoch. Even geology is already clear about the fact that when we walk across the earth or drive the plow through the soil, we are walking across the corpse of the earth or driving the plow through the corpse. Even our geologists have already said so, and external science itself, when it begins to think, cannot help but acknowledge such things. So, surrounded by the earth, we are basically facing death, and we are watching our globe gradually die.
And now let us imagine that the mystery of Golgotha had not taken place, that the cosmic being we call the Christ being had never entered into the earth's evolution through the Jesus children—then there would be no earth evolution; it would already be dying today. But the Christ Being passed through the two Jesus children and then through the one Jesus boy during his three years on earth, through the mystery of Golgotha, and the earth received a new seed of life. And when the time is fulfilled, the earth will not remain in space, and the soul—Ahriman and Lucifer—will not perish! No, that would happen if Christ had not come into the earth as a living seed. But since He did come, the earth will not decay into dust, the soul will not fall prey to Lucifer and Ahriman, for a new life has entered into the earth's evolution with the Christ seed. Just as the earth once separated from the sun and became a son of the sun, so, through Christ giving meaning to the earth's development, the earth is permeated by this meaningful being and is entering a new phase of development.
Thus, through spiritual science, we see into the mystery of Golgotha, and we stand trembling in the present age, feeling called upon to lift the veil only because we show those areas into which sensory perception no longer reaches, because we do not want to see behind this veil only what had to be seen for a time had to be seen for a time, according to its task, developed toward materialism.
Therefore, in our time, the possibility arises again for those who know their souls to be filled with spiritual scientific impulses to look up to Christ as a cosmic being. This does not in any way diminish the infinite devotion we can have for the child of the Christmas season. It does not diminish the simple Christian feeling. It is deepened when we can feel Christ as our dear friend Christian Morgenstern felt him, when a poem blossomed from his soul that can appear to us as a resurrection of ancient sacred Gnostic ideas, in which the love of Christ reigned and cosmic wisdom was at work. And so we celebrate a new Christmas, in which voices resound in the dark night of materialism, voices that are not those of the ancient Gnostics, but are fertilized by the meaning that is executed according to the living cosmic Christ essence.
Light is love ... Sun weaving
Radiation of love from a world
of creative beingswho through unheard-of times
hold us close to their hearts,
and who finally gave ustheir highest spirit in a
human shell for three
years: when He came into Hishis Father's inheritance—now the earth's
innermost heavenly fire:
that it too may one day become sun.Christ may be born a thousand times in Bethlehem,
but not in you, you will remain lost forever.
Let us allow the inner Christmas celebration to enter our souls, let us allow our souls to feel how a new knowledge of Christ must be born in our time. What kind of knowledge of Christ is this? It connects what is most intimate in human beings and, as it were, draws their whole being together with the simplest thing: it connects the life of a child, not yet fully developed as a human being, with the highest cosmic being and becoming. When we look at the Christ Child, whom we commemorate on Christmas Eve, we feel that we are standing before the most powerful winter consecration that extends through all the eons, and we connect all world-becoming, wherever we look, with everything human, with the deepest humanity.
This is how those who draw their feelings from our spiritual science feel, how victory over all death is achieved through the union of the soul with the Christ Being in our time, which I pointed out today on a deeply moving occasion at the grave of a friend torn from us by war. But as long as one could not see the innermost essence of history in the mystery of Bethlehem, it was impossible to feel how the highest cosmic is connected with the most intimate human. But this becomes clear to human beings when they contemplate the mystery of the two Jesus boys. There we have the power of the wisest man of pre-Christian times, Zarathustra, in the one boy Jesus. What flows down from one side in human development, we have in the one boy Jesus. We have the aura of the other, illuminated and transfigured by what emanated from Buddha. And we have the outer physical life, descended from the noblest juices of the ancient Hebrew people, and we have what constitutes the soul of the Luke Jesus child, led up to the origin of the earth. For we know that what was the deepest soul of the Luke Jesus child remained behind when human beings entered the earth in the ancient Lemurian epoch, and that it was preserved through the sacred mysteries and then, when the Luke Jesus child was born, was guided to the body that was born there. Hence the peculiar speech of the child Jesus of Luke immediately after his birth, which only his mother could understand, which did not resemble any language, and which the child immediately forgot when earthly consciousness arose in him. But it was the utterance of a secret immediately after birth. Basically, much of what we have to reveal about the Christ mystery is an interpretation of what the boy Luke-Jesus spoke immediately after his birth.
Thus, through our spiritual science, we have understood the Christ impulse completely out of the deeper becoming of the human being, that becoming of the ancient pre-Christian times, where, in a sense, the differences cease and the initiates speak again. Once we have understood everything that has entered into human evolution with the mystery of Golgotha, we will also find the possibility of further promoting these forces wherever human becoming is taking place, including in history. But first we must know who Christ really was before we can speak about him in history, for example.
But then, when souls are found within our spiritual stream, more and more souls who are seeking the impulse to ignite within themselves the light that can be ignited when we descend into the deepest soul forces that human beings can have today after the Mystery of Golgotha, then it will become apparent that through such descent the Christ light is truly kindled in every single soul. This Christ light becomes a tree, a Christmas tree, which will shine in all human future development in such a way that what the soul looks for in the revived earth must be achieved, so that it finds Christ everywhere in the life of this revived earth. It will. And the Christ message of spiritual science can become so serious that those who profess this spiritual science will truly celebrate in every single soul that Christmas which represents the birth of that Christ knowledge which comes from Christ Himself, which is therefore a true birth of Christ, a birth of Christ within us. But this birth of Christ must take place within us. True, true are the words:
If Christ is born a thousand times in Bethlehem
And not in you, you will remain lost forever.
And let us add to this beautiful saying of the mystic Angelus Silesius: Therefore, let us find ourselves eternally by searching eternally for the experience of the winter Christmas, for the birth of Christ in the depths of our souls!